Prototype for logging system calls and its overhead analysis

With the capability of the virtual machine monitor,a novel approach for logging system activities is designed.In the design,the guest operating system runs on the virtual machine monitor as non-privileged mode.The redirecting and monitoring modules are added into the virtual machine monitor.When a guest application is calling a system call,it is trapped and redirected from the least privileged level into the virtual machine monitor running in the most privileged level.After logging is finished,it returns to the guest operating system running in the more privileged level and starts the system call.Compared with the traditional methods for logging system activities.the novel method makes it more difficult to destroy or tamper the logs.The preliminary evaluation shows that the prototype is simple and efficient.     

Determining hydrocarbon prospective zone using the combination of qualitative analysis and fuzzy logic method

Hydrocarbon prospective zone is a certain layer in a reservoir which is estimated producing oil. The geologists use the qualitative analysis method to find the prospect layers. The research used five variables modeled by three fuzzy membership functions and eight rules of fuzzy logic. The rules cause insensitiveness in the working system. This study therefore was conducted by modeling each of input variables into different models using 36 rules. It aims to determine the existence of hydrocarbon prospective zone through a qualitative analysis in a reservoir using fuzzy inference system with Mamdani method. The data were taken from well log data in reservoir “X”. There were some steps in doing this study, including fuzzification, inference system, and defuzzification. The result showed 99 prospect layers from 3000 layers in reservoir “X” with 97.7% of accuracy.     

Control,organization, and accounting: A genealogy of modern knowledge-power

Much social scientizing tends to be ahistorical, particularly with regard to its fundamental terms and constructs, which are implicitly defined atemporally as simply “being there,” the givens of discourse. The history of two such terms, “control” and “organization,” is investigated here. In an elaboration of Foucault's idea of power-knowledge relations, a two-stage history of the terms is set out linked to the historical emergence of accounting. In the first stage, the initial invention of the terms in the thirteenth century is aligned with the contemporaneous invention of the doubleentry system, with all these innovations embodying a new power of writing. However the constructs only develop their modern significance as forms of knowledge-power at a much later stage, following the establishment of a “disciplinary” power-knowledge nexus post-1800. Under this interpretation, accounting, control, and organization, far from being ahistorical givens of discourse, are constructs which help establish the modern world of “disciplinary,” that site where the power of expert knowledge must operate.     

基于格序理论的管理者绩效评价方法

在绩效评价过程中,对于各级指标评价结果的处理,传统的方法均以打分后线性加权来比较评价对象的优差,以此确定其是否合格.一般的多层次多目标评价体系,不仅包括定性指标还包括定量指标,由于不同的量纲同时存在而无法用这种简单的线性加权方法得出合理的评价结果.文章引入格序决策理论,为解决这个缺陷进行了积极的探索,初次将模糊多目标多层次格序决策方法应用到管理者绩效评价中,以国有独资企业中7家有代表性的制造公司的总经理为例进行了算例分析.结果显示,这种方法克服了多目标之间的“不可公度性”和“矛盾性”特点,是一种客观合理、准确性较高的评价方法.     

Complexity and systems thinking in futures research: From “neutral” scenarios to value considerations

Futures research can be defined as the study of the present from a point of view of a special interest in comprehending the future. The basic features of futures research include multidisciplinarity and normativity, as well as interest in studying “trend breaks” and new phenomena in social development. In practice these requirements are seldom fulfilled, and a search for a new “paradigm” for futures research has been going on for some years. The implications of the newly arisen “complexity” discussion seem to offer some new perspectives to tackle the short-comings of futures research. Especially the idea of multiverse of realities, “holistic” systems thinking, and irreversibility and randomness seen as inherent parts of social development can be considered as highly valuable to the methodological development of futures research. When taking into consideration these implications it is justified to speak of a transition from the ordinary scenario thinking to the idea of “making the future” in futures research.     

超对策理论的改进及应用

超对策技术主要处理军事或经济贸易冲突中出现的信息失真, 态势误判情形下双方的决策分析选择, 这也是一种定量研究欺骗与反欺骗战术的方法。决策目标(目的)与决策分析选择实施过程有机结合是赵对策技术的一个尚不完善之处。本文提出“制约垒”概念来反映基于决策目标之下决策分析、选择、控制的动态过程, 最后以“海湾危机”全过程为实际背景, 用改进的超对策方法进行了分析。     

关键核心技术及其攻关策略研究——基于产业链供应链安全稳定视角

突破关键核心技术，提升我国重要产业链供应链的安全稳定性，是事关国家安全和高质量发展全局的重大战略任务。考虑我国这类后发国家的发展现实，分别从产业发展和国家间竞争视角诠释了关键核心技术的概念和特点，厘清了“卡人”和“被卡”“我无人有”与“我有人优”等不同类型的关键核心技术；分析了提升产业链供应链安全稳定性的途径及其相应的关键核心技术攻关任务，明确需要同时推进“卡人”和“被卡”两类关键核心技术攻关。最后，提出了通过开发自主品牌高档新产品、替代性新产品、颠覆性新产品和全新产品等多类新产品带动不同类型关键核心技术攻关的策略。     

The changing demography of mid-life, from the 1980s to the 2000s

This article examines changes between 1984 and 2007 in the demographic and socio-economic circumstances of British men and women in mid-life. Changing living arrangements in mid-life reflect historical changes in the occurrence and timing of life events such as marriage and parenthood, as well as increased longevity. In order to place mid-life in this wider demographic context, the article first reviews changes over time in kin availability across the adult life course using the British Household Panel Survey (2001) and Understanding Society (2009). The article goes on to use data from the General Household Survey (1984-2007) to document shifts over time in living arrangements for those aged 20- 79. In the final part of the article we focus specifically on those aged between 45 and 64 and examine how their characteristics in terms of marital status, educational attainment, activity status and housing tenure have changed over the past quarter century.     

The design of an epistemology for the management discipline which resolves dilemmas among ethical and other imperatives

We outline an epistemology to resolve dilemmas among conflicting imperatives which arise in management situations involving action programs which are “useful” economically and technically but which, at the same time, must satisfy, among others, aesthetic, ethical, and legal requirements. These “situations” occur in problem domains such as management science, environmental management, conservation management (the science devoted to the protection and preservation of our cultural and historical heritage), urban planning, government administration, and the like. Basically, these actions programs are designed to “improve the state of the real world” and take into account the inevitable conflicts and tradeoffs which inhibit maximization of objectives. In the end, the epistemological framework which is proposed leads to the formulation of a methodology to reconcile the economic, scientific, political, legal, ethical, epistemological, and aesthetic imperatives, in the context of a strategic and pragmatic framework.     

“区块链+”商业模式的文献计量分析

"区块链+"商业模式赋能企业实践意义重大,但缺乏系统定量的综述指导.文章以国内外文献数据为来源,结合描述统计、合作分析、共现网络分析、聚类分析等路径,探索国内外研究现状和研究热点,挖掘未来研究走向和演化趋势.研究发现:1)国内外研究起步较晚,但研究态势喜人,国内研究独著现象明显,国外研究合作脉络深远;2)强调物联网、大数据等新兴技术的融合,有效赋能商业模式创新研究;3)国内外研究差异显著,国内聚焦金融领域研究,国外探索多行业商业模式创新和颠覆研究.最后构建了"区块链+"商业模式研究框架.文章的研究思路和结论对"区块链+"商业模式的学术研究和企业实践均有一定的启发性.     

System waste in education and research: A Delphi study in India

A concept of system waste has been developed, and reported in the literature, to focus explicitly on waste and its reduction. In this study, which is a part of the authors' ongoing research on system waste, an attempt has been made to estimate current and future system waste in education and research (EDR) in India. The concept of system waste, which is defined as “any unnecessary input to and/or any undesirable output from any system,” is complex, multifaceted, subjective and not generally clearly understood. Its study is a fit case for the use of qualitative group problem-solving techniques. Delphi is the technique which has been used here to learn about system waste. A two-round Delphi study was conducted in 1990 in EDR in which teachers, educational administrators, planners, and parents participated. The paper describes the study and its results.     

数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的机理——基于探索性多案例扎根分析

现有研究多集中于从“供给侧”剖析数据赋能通过技术支撑对制造业服务转型的影响,但赋能后的企业能否获得施展机会则依赖于同被赋能的其他主体为焦点企业塑造的市场环境;同时,数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的多样性实践则表明,数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化还依赖于相关因素对数据赋能与制造企业服务化两者关系的影响。面向不同情境下数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的差异化实践,纳入数据赋能通过市场需求影响制造企业服务化的驱动途径,以动态能力与市场环境两者适应性匹配为核心动力,分别借助内在机制捕捉数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的不变性和外在机制捕捉相关因素塑造数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的差异性,构建内在、外在机制交互影响制造企业服务化的理论框架。运用质性研究的扎根理论方法,选取3家制造企业进行案例研究,探讨了数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的机理。研究发现：内在机制“数据赋能-动态能力与市场环境适应性匹配-服务化”刻画了数据赋能与制造企业服务化两者关系的不变性;外在机制“企业家精神-数智型服务化战略导向-服务试错-动态能力与市场环境适应性匹配-服务化”则捕捉了数据赋能与制造企业服务化两者关系的情境依赖性;借助于典范模型所涉及到的范畴,服务资源重组、数智型服务化战略导向、服务试错是数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的关键环节。本研究扩展了数据赋能同时通过企业动态能力与市场环境两条途径影响两者匹配驱动制造企业服务化转型的作用机理,利用内在机制/外在机制协调了数据赋能驱动制造企业服务化的关系不变性与实践多样性之间的张力,为制造企业服务化提供了管理框架和理论工具。     

Lewin's legacy for small-groups research

This paper analyzes Lewin's legacy for small-groups research. Lewin is widely viewed as the “father” of small-groups research. The paper proposes, however, that his influence was primarily indirect and not always positive. Both Lewin's positive and his negative influences on small-groups research are discussed. A more realistic image of Lewin and his legacy emerge as a result.     

Tease of the Perfect University: Mis/matching Systemic Elements and their Effect on Organisational Dynamics

This paper discusses organisational dynamics in the context of the perceptions of faculty, staff and administrators in response to the Okanagan University College forced transition to the University of British Columbia Okanagan. Analysis employed a theoretical model entitled the Family of Related Systemic Elements (FoRSE) matrix that exposes the systemic properties of a problem (In the original presentation of the findings in this paper at the AERA, the matrix was entitled, “Systemic Factors Inventory Analysis matrix, or SyFIA.” The matrix continues to be refined, including changing its name and acronym.) The initial findings here suggest that in order for organisations to achieve a sustained higher level or degree of improvement they need to ensure greater accord between its systemic elements.     

Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Nurses in Turkish Hospitals

Electronic medical records (EMR) are generally used by nurses in hospitals. However, studies investigating views on and evaluations of EMR by nurses are limited in Turkey and in other countries around the world. In this study, nurses’ views on EMR systems were investigated in terms of “Nursing care management”, “Order entry”, “Information Management”, “Information quality”, “Service quality”, “Impact of EMR system on clinical care”. The purpose of this study was to investigate the views/perceptions on EMR used by nurses working at hospital clinics in Turkey. The research questions were: (a) What are nurses’ perceptions on EMR? (b) Were there relationships among nurses’ perceptions on EMR? (c) Were there differences among nurses’ perceptions on EMR according to hospitals in Turkey. This study is composed of field research conducted using questionnaires. To prepare the data-measuring instrument, the literature on EMR was reviewed. A Likert scale type was used in this questionnaire. The study was planned and conducted on nurses working at inpatient care units at four Turkish hospitals. At the end of this study, the questionnaire had been conducted on 517 nurses. Total response rate is 66.70 %. We found that the Information quality of EMR, impact of EMR system on clinical care and service quality were high level. Information quality has the highest mean score. EMR system is an important system for nurses’ hospital has the highest mean score in this study. Nurses feel about impact of EMR system on clinical care that generally ‘EMR system’s usefulness’, ‘improving quality of information due to EMR system’, ‘improving quality of nurses’ work’, ‘improving quality of information due to EMR system’. All of the six subscales of EMR were positively correlated with each other. This study revealed that there are significant differences among the mean scores for six subscales according to the ownership of hospitals. EMR systems were not well integrated into their workflow. In addition, half of all respondents had not been trained in using EMR systems. This study will added to evaluation views and assessments of nurses about EMR literature. The results will assist in determining “Information quality”, “Service quality”, of EMR, and “Impact of EMR system on clinical for nurses in Turkish health system”. This survey suggests that nurses favor the use of an EMR and suggests opportunities for EMR enhancement.     

官员任期、任期交错与企业环境治理——基于环保厅长和市委书记间任期交错的实证证据

与环保厅长仅受“环境绩效”单一考核目标不同,地级市委书记需要同时平衡“经济增长绩效”和“环境治理绩效”两种目标,因而两者任期长短及其交错程度对辖区企业环境治理可能表现为“交错效应”抑或“协调效应”?以中国2006～2019年非金融类上市公司作为研究样本,使用手工搜集的环境投资数据对上述问题进行实证研究。研究发现：企业环境投资呈现显著的任期周期性规律,表现为环保厅长或市委书记任期时间越长,企业环境治理力度越大;且环保厅长和市委书记之间任期交错程度越小,辖区企业环境治理力度越大,表现为“协调效应”。上述研究揭示了官员任期交错对辖区企业环境治理的具体作用机理,为进一步完善中国环境治理体系的顶层制度设计提供理论证据。     

基于多参数稳定分布的GBAS垂直保护级计算

针对全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system, GNSS)的地基增强系统(ground based augmentation system, GBAS)的完好性评估过程中, 使用误差包络理论计算保护级(protection level, PL)时, 误差模型存在的“厚尾”“不对称”“非零均值”等问题, 提出了基于稳定分布的误差包络理论。首先给出了高斯包络理论计算PL的模型; 其次推导了两参数与四参数稳定分布误差包络算法; 最后使用仿真数据和通过实验测得的数据, 对多参数稳定包络模型的算法进行评估。结果表明多参数稳定包络法在相似的计算复杂度下, 解决了高斯包络法建模时过于保守的问题, 显著提高了保护级计算的精确性。     

资本市场开放与企业创新质量——基于中国企业重数量轻质量的“创新陷阱”视角

基于中国资本市场“沪深港通”这一准自然实验，结合不同竞争政策，研究“资本市场开放能否助力中国企业破解重数量轻质量的“创新陷阱”具有重要的学术价值和政策意义。研究发现：资本市场开放显著促进企业创新质量，表现为专利结构逐渐向高质量的发明专利偏移，以及专利引用率的提升，说明资本市场开放的确能够显著破解中国企业重数量轻质量的“创新陷阱”，上述研究结论经过系列稳健性测试后仍然成立。异质性检验发现：资本市场开放对创新质量的促进作用在竞争性行业、境外机构持股比例较高以及融资约束较大、风险承担水平更低的样本组中更显著。研究从“中国创新陷阱”破解视角证实资本市场开放以及反垄断政策的积极意义，为进一步提高资本市场开放程度以及“反垄断政策”提供理论支撑。     

供需匹配视角下基于语义相似聚类的技术需求识别模型

在技术供需文本匹配视角下，提出了一种基于语义相似聚类的技术需求识别模型.首先，采集网络中技术需求文本提取关键短语；然后，建立领域专利技术转让索引库，基于需求关键短语检索出高相关专利，构建专利技术供给背景库，并对背景库中专利标题与摘要进行分词；第三，提出基于词向量的供需文本语义匹配度算法，筛选有效技术需求并进行语义相似聚类；最后，考虑技术需求对应的需求量和专利技术转让量，对聚类结果进行二维分类.以新能源领域为例进行实证，识别出有效技术需求195个，基于语义相似聚成12类，结合需求量与专利转让量，将12类技术需求分为“高需求、高转让”、“高需求、低转让”、“低需求、高转让”、“低需求、低转让”四大类.该研究为网络技术需求挖掘及供需匹配提供一种新思路.     

养老护理员工作幸福感的随机突变机理

针对养老护理员工作幸福感因外界扰动而出现随机突变的问题,考虑工作特征和组织氛围对养老护理员工作幸福感的影响,构建随机尖点突变模型分析养老护理员工作幸福感的离散突变机制,并利用R软件拟合调研数据.研究发现:调研地区的养老护理职业具有"工作强度大、工资较低"的显著工作特征和"女性为主、农民工居多、年龄偏大、学历层次较低、流...