山药对肉仔鸡营养代谢及血液生理生化指标的影响研究

选用商品代艾维茵白羽肉鸡60只,随机分成5组,于28～35日龄用全收粪法进行消化代谢试验,并通过测定其血液生化指标,研究山药对肉仔鸡营养物质利用的影响.结果表明：代谢能以杆菌肽锌组最高,比对照组高8.69%,差异显著 （P〈0.05）,其次为2%添加组,比对照组提高7.23%,差异不显著（P〉0.05）.干物质代谢率2%添加组与对照组差异显著（P〈0.05）,其他各试验组与对照组相比差异均不显著（P〉0.05）.各山药处理组与杆菌肽锌组相比差异均不显著（P〉0.05）.粗蛋白和粗脂肪的代谢率各组间差异均不显著（P〉0. 05）.山药和抗生素的添加对血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量的影响并没达到显著性水平（P〉0.05）,但均有提高的趋势,其中以添加2%山药组最高.添加山药可降低血清中胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白的含量,升高高密度脂蛋白的含量.其中2%添加组低密度脂蛋白含量与杆菌肽锌处理组相比,显著低于杆菌肽锌组（P〈0.05）.2%山药添加组总胆固醇含量最低,高密度脂蛋白含量最高,与其他各处理组相比差异均不显著（P〉0.05）.     

辛伐他汀对鸡产蛋性能及蛋中胆固醇含量的影响

将40羽80周龄新罗曼商品代蛋鸡随机分为5个组,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和对照组的添加量分别为2．089mg／d只、4．259mg／d只、6．356mg／d只、8．263mg／d只和0mg／d只。结果表明：日粮中添加辛伐他汀,试验各组与对照组间及试验Ⅱ组和其他各组间采食量差异极显著（P〈0．01）;试验Ⅱ和其他各组间产蛋量差异均显著（P〈0．05）;试验Ⅳ组和其他各组蛋黄、肝脏和卵巢中胆固醇含量差异均极显著（P〈0．01）。综合分析显示,药物的添加量为6．356mg／d只时对鸡的产蛋性能及蛋中胆固醇含量降低的效果最好。     

女贞子、五味子及其与寡糖配伍对肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化指标的影响

试验研究了中草药女贞子、五味子以及女贞子、五味子与葡萄糖甘露寡糖（MOS）配伍对肉鸡免疫功能及抗氧化指标的影响。选择180只肉雏鸡随机分为6组,空白组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组为每公斤基础饲粮中添加5 mg的黄霉素,中草药试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加女贞子（ω女贞子=0.010）、五味子（ω五味子=0.010）、女贞子（ω女贞子=0.010）＋MOS（ωMOS=0.005）、五味子（ω五味子=0.010）＋MOS（ωMOS=0.005）。试验从1日龄开始,试验期56 d。结果显示：各中草药试验组均显著提高了鸡脾淋巴细胞在ConA诱导下的增殖反应（P〈0.05）;女贞子能提高肉鸡的ND抗体效价（P〈0.05）;女贞子、五味子可提高肉鸡心脏SOD活性（P〈0.05）,以及血清和组织GR活性（P〈0.05）,降低血清和心脏MDA含量（P〈0.05）。上述试验结果表明,中草药添加剂能够提高肉鸡的免疫性能,增强肉鸡抗氧化功能。     

维生素C对鹅后期生长及肉品质的影响

在70日龄至90日龄的生长鹅日粮中添加维生素C,通过测定其增重及料重、屠宰测定及肌肉品质测定探讨其效果。试验结果表明,添加维生素C组比对照组增重明显增加,料重比明显降低,组间差异显著（0.01〈P〈0.05）;各项屠宰性能指标组间差异不明显（P〉0.05）;各组鹅肉中维生素C含量、总脂肪含量、氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、影响风味的氨基酸总量等营养成分受日粮中维生素C的影响不大,组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。     

日粮中添加大豆黄酮对大鼠生长及疲劳应激反应能力的影响

日粮中添加大豆黄酮，研究其对大鼠生长及抗疲劳应激能力的影响．结果显示，添加大豆黄酮组大鼠平均增重显著提高（P〈0．05），料重比显著降低（P〈0．05），表明大豆黄酮具有显著促生长作用．与正常对照组相比，疲劳应激对照组大鼠血清GSH-Px活性极显著下降（P〈0．01），MDA含量显著上升（P〈0．05），血糖含量极显著上升（P〈0.01），胰岛素水平有所升高而IL-2水平有所降低，差异均不显著（P〉0．05）．与疲劳应激对照组相比，大豆黄酮疲劳应激组GSH-Px活性极显著上升（P〈0．01），血糖含量显著上升（P〈0．05），胰岛素水平显著下降（P〈0．05），MDA含量有所下降，IL-2水平有所上升，但差异均不显著（P〉0．05）．结果提示，日粮中添加大豆黄酮一定程度上能增强机体抗疲劳能力．     

不同高能饮食诱发胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型的比较

目的分析高猪油日粮及高蔗糖日粮分别诱发胰岛素抵抗大鼠的血液生化指标差异,为此类模型的建立及实验研究提供参考。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组,对照组给予普通日粮,高脂组给予高猪油含量的日粮,高糖组给予高蔗糖含量的日粮。喂养6周,每两周测定空腹血糖、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、总胆固醇（TCH）、胰岛素,根据胰岛素敏感性指数（ISI）=ln1/（FPG×FINS）评定大鼠的胰岛素敏感性。结果 6周后,高脂、高糖组ISI显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;猪油组血清胰岛素显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）、血清HDL-c显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;高蔗糖组血糖、胰岛素均上升,但与对照组无统计学差异;而各组间血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯及体重无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论高脂、高糖日粮均可诱发IR大鼠模型,高脂模型具有血清胰岛素显著升高、HDL-c显著降低的特点而高糖模型伴有较高的血糖、胰岛素。     

饲料中添加黄芪药渣对肉鸡生产性能的影响

试验选用120只1日龄（平均体重42克）的健康白羽肉仔鸡,完全随机分为4组（CK,T1,T2,T3）,每组设3个重复,每重复10只鸡（公母混群）,其中CK为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;T1、T2、1r3为处理组,分别饲喂基础日粮＋黄芪药渣,黄芪药渣的添加量分别为3％、4％、5％,进行饲养试验。研究其对内鸡生产性能指标、屠体性能指标、以及代谢率指标的影响,试验结果表明：与对照组（CK）相比,添加量为5％的黄芪药渣组能显著提高肉鸡的日增重,料肉比降低（P〈0．05）;饲粮中粗蛋白质的表现代谢率显著提高（P〈0．05）;而添加3个不同水平的黄芪药渣,其饲粮中粗脂肪的表观代谢率均降低（P〈0．05）。     

肉茴复合散对肉仔鸭肌肉营养成分的影响

采用肉桂、小茴香、良姜、花椒、六曲等中草药组成肉茴复合散,对肉仔鸭进行饲喂试验.结果表明：肉仔鸭肌肉中水分和脂肪含量无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;肌肉中的蛋白质和肌苷酸的含量,试Ⅱ组、试Ⅲ组、试Ⅳ组极显著高于对照组和试Ⅰ组（P〈0.01）;肌肉中胆固醇的含量显著降低（P〈0.05）;并提高了不饱和脂肪酸的含量和降低了饱和脂肪酸的含量（P〈0.05）;同时,除个别氨基酸外,能显著提高肉仔鸭的肌肉中氨基酸尤其是必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸的含量（P〈0.05）或（P〈0.01）.有效地改善了肉仔鸭的肌肉品质.肉茴复合散在肉仔鸭日粮中的添加量宜以1%为最佳.     

饲粮中添加富马酸有机稀土对蛋鸡后期产蛋性能的影响

选用46周龄的罗曼蛋鸡280只,随机分成4组。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组每千克基础饲粮中分别添加富马酸有机稀土铬合物400mg、600mg,试验Ⅲ组添加占饲粮0 5%的730(富马酸)有机稀土复合添加剂,对照组喂基础饲粮,试验期37d。结果表明:①试验组平均只鸡产蛋量(1 389kg),比对照组(1 302kg)增加了6 68%(0 087kg),差异极显著(P<0 01);②试验Ⅰ组只鸡平均产蛋量最高(1 441kg),较对照组提高了10 68%;③试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组料蛋比分别比对照组降低17 91%,6 76%和4 71%。     

冷季补饲对幼年牦牛瘤胃发酵和血液指标的影响

通过对试验组进行放牧加补饲的方法研究了冬季补饲对幼年牦牛瘤胃发酵及血液指标的影响。结果表明,试验组和对照组牦牛日增重相差820.83 g,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;瘤胃发酵指标中pH差异不显著（P〉0.05）,试验组氨氮（NH3-N）浓度显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,而瘤胃液蛋白含量却显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）;血液指标中TP、Glu及PUN的测定结果试验组均高于对照组,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to