DNA arrangement in isometric phage heads.

DNA is wound tightly into phage heads in such a way that it tends to form layers concentric with the rigid protein shell. In P22 and wild-type lambda, DNA completely fills the internal volume, with a highly uniform local packing of adjacent segments; in lambda deletion mutants containing less than a full genome, the local packing distance increases correspondingly.     

一种含氮高铬冷轧辊用钢的热变形行为研究

对一种8%Cr冷轧辊用钢在950～1200℃以0.1～10s^-1的变形速率进行热压缩变形,通过流变曲线分析、动力学分析及热加工图技术等方法表征其热变形时的力学行为,并对变形后的显微组织进行观察。结果表明:Cr8N钢的加工硬化率和流变应力随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而降低,功率耗散百分数随着Z参数的增大而降低;上述变形条件下Cr8N钢的热变形激活能为542kJ/mol,加工硬化指数为5.25;获得了该钢的热变形方程以及Z参数和峰值应力间的关系。     

广东佛冈岩体放射性地球化学特征及其干热岩资源潜力研究

干热岩资源不同于传统的化石能源,具有可再生、储量大、高度清洁等优势。粤北佛冈地区地热活动明显,岩体时代较新,出露面积巨大,有利于形成干热岩系统。佛冈岩体主体岩性为燕山期黑云母花岗岩,37个花岗岩样品U,Th,K含量的平均值分别为11×10-6,51×10-6,5.12%,Th/U比为4.96,密度为2.56 g/cm3,单位体积生热率平均值为6.77μW/m3。区内发育的NE向、EW向深大断裂和次一级断裂,共同控制着地温场的分布。此外,研究区相对薄的岩石圈厚度表明地幔热也是佛冈岩体的重要热源之一。初步结论认为,佛冈岩体生热率远高于世界范围内花岗岩的平均值,放射性生热元素含量高,且区内导热、控热构造明显,地壳厚度低于周边地区,可做进一步详查评估工作。     

The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics

The dynamics of many social, technological and economic phenomena are driven by individual human actions, turning the quantitative understanding of human behaviour into a central question of modern science. Current models of human dynamics, used from risk assessment to communications, assume that human actions are randomly distributed in time and thus well approximated by Poisson processes. In contrast, there is increasing evidence that the timing of many human activities, ranging from communication to entertainment and work patterns, follow non-Poisson statistics, characterized by bursts of rapidly occurring events separated by long periods of inactivity. Here I show that the bursty nature of human behaviour is a consequence of a decision-based queuing process: when individuals execute tasks based on some perceived priority, the timing of the tasks will be heavy tailed, with most tasks being rapidly executed, whereas a few experience very long waiting times. In contrast, random or priority blind execution is well approximated by uniform inter-event statistics. These finding have important implications, ranging from resource management to service allocation, in both communications and retail.     

热带与亚热带环境地球化学

“第三届热带国家环境地球化学专题讨论会”1999年在巴西举行。来自22个国家的170位学者参加了会议，研究了若干与环境和经济相关的问题。本书将前三届会议的成果汇集在一起，介绍了有关过去10年内所累积的热带与亚热带环境地球化学知识。