Transformation of mononuclear phagocytes in vivo and malignant histiocytosis caused by a novel murine spleen focus-forming virus

The study of retrovirus-induced leukaemias in mice is a powerful tool for the elucidation of the normal regulation of the haematopoietic system. The acute murine spleen focus-forming viruses (SFFV) can be classified according to the haematopoietic lineage on which they exert their effects in the adult mouse. Here we report a new SFFV isolate, the AF-1 virus, with the novel ability to transform cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage. The virus was isolated from sarcomas that were induced on passage of a cloned Friend helper virus (F-MuLV, 643/22F) in newborn BALB/c mice. We have cloned the transforming defective subunit of the AF-1 viral complex in NRK cells and isolated several subclones. Analysis of the proviral genome in two non-producer cell clones reveals that AF-1 virus contains Harvey v-ras-specific sequences (Fig. 1). Thus, AF-1 virus is closely related to Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha-MSV), and is, at present, the only tool by which permanent cell lines can be obtained from mononuclear phagocytes in the mouse.     

免疫电镜及感染菜豆黄色花叶病毒的寄主叶片细胞超微结构的研究

本文详述了用免疫电镜法鉴定苜蓿病毒分离物M—4及不同时期感染该病毒的不同寄主叶片细胞超微结构的研究。免疫电镜测定结果证明分离物M—4是菜豆黄色花叶病毒(BYMV)。该病毒可侵染苋色藜、三叶草,菜叶、蚕豆等寄主。这些寄主的超微结构特征。1、细胞内有风轮状、带状和环状三种形式的内含体。2、不同寄主细胞中三种内含体的数量不同。3、病毒粒子较少,分布在液泡膜附近。4、接种不同时期寄主叶片细胞中叶绿体及内含体数量有所变化,接种第30天时内含体数量最多,并能看到一些细胞质束丝。     

绿尾大蚕蛾(Actias selene ningpoana Felder)核型多角体病毒的观察

<正> 绿尾大蚕蛾(Actias selene ningpoana Felder)又名水青蛾、长尾月蛾。分布于我国北京、河北、河南、辽宁、江苏、浙江、江西、广东和台湾等省(市)。主要为害乌桕、枫杨、樟、桤木等林木,也为害核桃、栗、梨、苹果等果树。1979至1981年,在南京地区,我们曾从乌桕及薄壳山核桃树上观察到感染核型多角体病毒(NPV)的绿尾大蚕蛾的濒死虫和病死虫。1980年和1981年,我们对该病毒的侵染性、形态特征、组织病理等作了初步的观察和研究。该病毒的发现,国内文献尚无报道。现将观察、研究结果报道于后。     

有限稀释法筛选重组AcNPV病毒

有限稀释法筛选重组ＡｃＮＰＶ病毒钟劲胡美浩１）（北京大学生命科学学院,北京,１００８７１）关键词重组病毒;梯度稀释;筛选;测活中图分类号Ｑ３３２０引言昆虫杆状病毒表达系统是一高效表达外源基因的表达系统。用于基因工程表达外源基因的ＡｃＮＰＶ（ａｕｔｏｇ...     

危害新疆西瓜的一种线状病毒的研究

从新疆染病的西瓜分离到一种线状病毒,该病毒可经汁液传播侵染属于６个科的１７种草本植物;染病的西瓜、哈密瓜和西葫芦引起植株生长阻滞、叶片皱缩、褪绿、泡斑、黄花叶以至坏死等系统侵染症状;该病毒可经桃蚜以非持久性方式传播;该病毒的病毒粒子为长约７５０ｍｍ的线形病毒粒子,在染病组织中形成风轮状内含体,证明该病毒属于马铃薯Ｙ病毒组;染病组织粗汁液提纯病毒制备物在ＳＤＳ双向免疫扩散试验中与小西葫芦黄花叶病毒抗     

Construction and identification of reverse genetics system of Dengue type 2 virus isolated in China

Dengue (DEN) viruses, mosquito-borne pathogens of the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, are envel- oped RNA viruses that contain a single-stranded, posi- tive-sense, capped RNA genome of approximately 11 kb. Single polypeptide is co-translationlly pr…     

Tn5转座子插入p95基因不影响AcMNPV的复制

从Tn5转座子介导的AcMNPV随机插入突变体库中,分离到一株复制正常的突变体AcApra41.突变定位发现Tn5转座子插入了病毒p95基因中.为了排除AcApra41中还有其他突变,利用同源重组法构建了p95基因定点插入突变的重组病毒AcGFP-P95in.PCR确认p95基因中插入了Tn5转座子;Western blot也证实AcApra41和AcGFP-P95in感染的细胞中,P95蛋白的分子量都因为插入突变而变小,由野生型的95 ku变为 55 ku.病毒复制动态曲线和荧光显微镜观察证实带有该插入突变的病毒能够在Sf9细胞中正常复制,并表达极晚期基因.这一结果表明完整的P95蛋白对病毒复制是非必须的.     

锯缘青蟹一种球状病毒的分离和组织病理观察

从患病锯缘青蟹组织中分离出一种无囊膜球状病毒,直径50~60 nm.通过病理切片观察,病蟹肝胰腺、肌肉、心脏、肠和鳃等多处组织器官受到感染,该病毒分布在细胞浆中,呈晶格状排列,不形成包涵体;这种病毒会导致细胞瓦解,细胞核肿大变形,核质聚缩,核膜破损,肌丝断裂,线粒体坏死等症状.     

Lack of evidence for involvement of known human retroviruses in multiple sclerosis

The recent report by Koprowski et al. that human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLVs) may be involved in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) has aroused much interest. The report was based largely on immunological evidence, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with viral antigens or disrupted virions. We have accordingly sought confirmation by screening sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from MS patients against cell lines infected respectively with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) virus (ATLV/HTLV-I) of Japanese cells (MT-1 and MT-2 lines), our own isolate from British black patients with ATL, the MoT cell line which produce HTLV-II, and our own T-cell line containing a local isolate of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus (C-LAV/HTLV-III). We have failed to find antibodies against these retroviruses in the sera or CSF. Furthermore, neither virus could be isolated from the peripheral white blood cells of two MS patients.     

Interferon inhibits transformation by murine sarcoma viruses before integration of provirus

Neoplastic transformation by C-type retroviruses requires synthesis of a DNA copy (the provirus) of the RNA genome and its integration into the host cell DNA. We have previously shown that interferon (IFN) can stably prevent transformation of murine fibroblasts by the Kirsten strain of murine sarcoma virus (KiMSV), a murine leukaemia virus (MLV). A series of cell clones (IFN clones), isolated in the presence of IFN (10(4) U ml-1) from cultures of NIH-3T3 cells which had been treated with IFN, and then infected with KiMSV (KiMLV) in conditions where every cell was infected, were shown to be phenotypically untransformed. These untransformed cells did not produce virus or contain rescuable KiMSV. However, cells isolated using an identical procedure, but in the absence of IFN, were uniformly transformed and all produced KiMSV (KiMLV) or contained rescuable KiMSV. It was concluded that IFN either prevents synthesis or integration of the provirus, or else that in the presence of IFN the provirus is integrated such that it is not expressed. We now show that five representative clones contain no detectable KiMSV proviral DNA, and also that the initial stages of infection by KiMSV (KiMLV) are inhibited by IFN treatment. IFN seems to act before integration, preventing either the synthesis or the integration of proviral DNA.     

Infective viruses produced from full-length complementary DNA of swine vesicular disease viruses HK/70 strain

Swine vesicular disease (SVD) is a highly conta- gious viral disease of pigs. Symptoms are clinically indistinguishable from those caused by other vesiculardisease viruses, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD virus, vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus and ves…     

牛泡沫病毒BFV3026 gag基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

从牛泡沫病毒BFV3026感染的胎牛肺细胞中提取Hirt DNA,PCR扩增BFV3026　gag基因。序列分析确证后，将其克隆于原核表达载体pET32A，重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3），经IPTG诱导，使Gag蛋白得以高效表达。SDS－PAGE及Western blot证实：表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的40%，本工作的完成为Gag蛋白功能的研究奠定基础。     

中国绿刺蛾(Parasa sinica Moore)质型多角体病毒的研究

<正>本文对中国绿刺蛾质型多角体病毒(Ps CPV)进行了初步观察研究。该病毒的包含体呈六角形、四方形或不规则形,有强烈的折光性,大小为0.4～2.8微米。病毒粒子近球形,表面具管状突起,大小为48.2～55.3毫微米。这种病毒对中国绿刺蛾3～4龄幼虫的LC_(so)为1.21×10~5多角体/毫升,具有应用于生物防治的潜力。     

Effect of recombinant soluble CD4 in rhesus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques

The CD4 molecule is a high-affinity cell-surface receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and a soluble truncated form of CD4 produced by recombinant DNA technology is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and HIV-1-induced cell fusion in vitro. Rhesus monkeys infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVMAC), a virus closely related to HIV-1, develop an AIDS-like syndrome, and so provide an important model for the evaluation of potential AIDS therapies. We have assessed the therapeutic effect of recombinant soluble CD4 in SIVMAC-infected rhesus monkeys. Virus was readily isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow cells of these animals before starting treatment with soluble CD4, but became difficult to isolate soon after treatment had begun. Moreover the diminished growth of both granulocyte-macrophage and erythrocyte progenitor colonies from the bone marrow of these monkeys rose to normal levels during treatment. These findings indicate that soluble CD4 could prove valuable in the treatment of AIDS.     

Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus

~~Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus~~     

Expression of murine H-2Kb histocompatibility antigen in cells transformed with cloned H-2 genes

Cosmids containing H-2 histocompatibility antigen genes of the H-2b haplotype have been isolated. One of these genes expresses a 45,000 molecular weight protein, indistinguishable from H-2Kb when introduced into mouse L cells. These H-2Kb transformed L cells can be killed by allospecific anti-H-2Kb cytotoxic T cells. Moreover, when infected with influenza virus, they can be killed by an H-2Kb-restricted, influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cell line. These results show that expression of the H-2Kb gene product on the L-cell surface is sufficient to make it a target for specific T-cell killing.     

Temperature-sensitive mutant of avian erythroblastosis virus suggests a block of differentiation as mechanism of leukaemogenesis.

A temperature sensitive mutant has been isolated for the first time from a replication defective acute leukaemia virus, AEV. In vivo, at 41 degrees C, the mutant shows a reduced leukaemogenic potential. In vitro, in erythroblasts transformed at 35 degrees C, haemoglobin synthesis can be induced by a shift to 41 degrees C. This indicates that the continuous expression of a viral gene product is necessary to maintain the undifferentiated state of the virus-transformed leukaemia cells.     

Infectious foot-and-mouth disease virus derived from a cloned full-length cDNA of OH／CHA／99

The China foot-and-mouth virus (FMDV) isolate OH/CHA/99 was isolated from swine, which was unable to infect bovine thyroid cells in vitro or to cause typical disease in bovines following intradermal inoculation in the tongue. To enhance antigenicity, replication, maturation and pathogenicity studies of OH/CHA/99, an infectious fulllength cDNA clone, designated pBIFMDV, was prepared. The in vitro and in vivo biological properties of the virus derived from pBIFMDV were studied by analyzing antigenicity, plaque morphology and virulence in pigs. The results showed that the virus derived from pBIFMDV had the same biological properties as the parent strain OH/CHA/99; the fulllength infections cDNA clone, pBIFMDV, will be very useful in studies of the antigenicity, virulence, pathogenesis, maturation and replication of FMDV.     

Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkey, a new member of the HIV/SIV group

Some wild African green monkeys are known to be naturally infected with a retrovirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) without having any apparent symptoms of an AIDS-like disease. This simian immunodeficiency virus, designated SIVAGM, may be helpful in clarifying the evolution and pathogenicity of HIV. Some virus strains that were previously reported to be isolated from African green monkeys were shown to be laboratory contaminations of SIVMAC (SIV from a rhesus macaque) Here we report the complete DNA sequence of authentic SIVAGM, which was isolated from a naturally infected African green monkey of Kenyan origin. Comparison of the genome of SIVAGM with those of known HIV/SIVs indicates that the virus is a new simian lentivirus that is approximately equally distantly related to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in contrast to SIVMAC, which is much closer to HIV-2 than to HIV-1 (refs 5, 9).