许厂煤矿地质构造特征及其演化

为了全面了解许厂煤矿地质构造特征与断层、褶皱的关系,更好地为煤层开采服务,根据许厂矿区内大量断层、褶曲的构造形迹和分布规律,系统地分析了研究区内地质构造发育特征,从矿区所处聚煤盆地地质构造演化入手,结合区域地质构造背景对矿区不同期次构造应力场特征和构造机理进行探讨。结果表明:许厂井田内发育一组走向北东、向南西倾伏的宽缓褶曲和一组北西向次级褶曲,断层以走向近南北的西倾高角度正断层和走向北西的南西倾高角度正断层为主,逆断层较少:表明井田内断层受区域性大断裂的显著控制作用。矿区构造是经历了三期构造运动的结果,不同期次构造组合形成了现今的地质构造格局。     

破火山口塌陷构造的物理模拟研究

用聚合硅胶模拟塑性岩浆、用干燥松散石英砂模拟脆性围岩和顶板层，研究了由岩浆房的萎缩下沉所引起的破火山口塌陷构造.模拟岩浆房的初始形状包括平顶圆柱体及剖面呈长方形、半圆形、等腰三角形的条状体。实验中，圆形岩浆房的下沉形成圈环形塌陷构造；长条状岩浆房的下沉形成线形塌陷构造．塌陷构造在平面上通常呈对称的圈环状或条带状分布，从里向外一般由中央凹陷带、逆断层带、侧绕斜坡带以及周边正断层带组成．塌陷构造在剖面上呈上宽下窄的漏斗状，其中所有的断层都呈上缓下陡的凸弧形．周边正断层与其内侧的逆断层在深部合并、向下延伸、并消失于岩浆房与围岩的接触带内．塌陷内拉伸正断层与压缩逆断层或褶皱的共生及其分布方式、断层面上缓下陡的凸弧形几何形态等是厘定该构造的重要标志．     

南阳凹陷边界断层三维几何学及运动学特征

新野断层位于南襄盆地南阳凹陷南部的控凹边界断裂,研究其三维几何学和运动学特征对分析南阳凹陷的形成演化至关重要。以2/3D地震、钻井及测井资料为基础,以正断层相关褶皱理论和构造复原理论为指导,深入剖析新野断层的三维几何学和运动学特征及其对凹陷形成的控制作用。根据断层平面走向,结合倾角和断距变化,将新野断层分为西、中、东3段;空间上认为,新野断层是由多个等倾角面构成的复杂曲面,通过两个垂向轴面和4个横向轴面,将新野断层断面分为11个等倾角区。根据平衡地质剖面复原结果对比,认为新野断层西段、东段形成于晚白垩世,中段形成于始新世大仓房期并逐渐与西段、东段硬连接形成一条断层;断层及其上盘地层旋转程度自西向东逐渐增强;断层反转强度自西向东亦逐渐变大。新野断层西段为"座椅式"正断层,中段由"转折式"正断层转"犁式"正断层,东段为"犁式"正断层。沿断层走向的差异沉降和断面形态差异是南阳凹陷构造特征及形成演化的重要控制因素。     

长距离掘进工作面大格局施工优化

一、概况 W3227工作面位于钱营孜煤矿西二采区南翼四阶段，为西二采区首采面。工作面机巷设计长度3172m．标高-580～-560m；风巷设计长度3095m．标高-480～-540m；两巷方位角187°：开切眼长305m。工作面内褶曲和断层构造发育，整体构造形态呈两个宽缓的向斜夹一宽缓的背斜，褶皱构造造成煤层产状变化较大，倾向在95～115°之间，倾角在5～15°。面内小构造较多，但没有落差大于lOm的断层，机巷与切眼交叉附近构造复杂。     

张双楼矿区构造特征及其演化

为了解张双楼矿区构造发育情况,根据钻孔资料及井下揭露的构造特征,分析该矿区构造及演化特征。结果表明：张双楼矿区为一倾向NNW、走向略有变化的单斜构造,地层倾角一般在18°～25°;褶皱主要为冯家向斜和后周田背斜;断层以张性断层为主,压性断层较少;浆岩活动发生在燕山晚期,以基性岩为主。矿区先后经历了NW—SE向挤压、SN向拉张、EW向拉张三期应力场的演化,构造特征为多期次构造运动的叠加。该研究可为煤矿深度开采提供依据。     

淮北许疃煤矿地质构造特征及其形成机理分析

根据许疃矿区内大量断层、褶皱的构造形迹和分布规律,系统的分析了研究区内的地质构造发育特征,并从矿区所处聚煤盆地构造演化入手,结合区域地质构造背景,对矿区内不同期次构造应力场特征和构造形成机理进行了探讨。结果显示：区内总体构造形态为一走向近南北、向东倾斜的宽缓单斜构造,局部发育次级褶曲,并被一系列断层切割改造的复杂局面;矿区构造是经历了四期构造运动的结果,不同期次构造组合形成了矿井现今复杂的构造格局,燕山早期活动对总体构造轮廓的形成具有决定性意义,最终格局是在燕山期形迹基础上改造而成。     

小康井田煤系地质构造

应用构造地质学原理和方法,阐述了小康井田3组褶皱、5组断层的发育特征和分布规律;从区域构造背景、构造应力场演化揭示了该井田地质构造的形成期次,即先后形成了压性结构面(以褶皱轴面、逆断层面为代表)走向呈北西西、北东东、北北西向的构造系统;分析了后期构造形迹迁就和改造先存构造形迹的力学性质转化,其中,由于断层多期活动的综合效应和构造抬升、应力松弛使绝大部分断层现今表现为正断层;指出走向为北北东向同沉积正断层对原始煤层的发育具有控制作用,其他方向的断层尤其是北北西向或近南北向的断层,主要表现为成煤后对煤层的破坏作用.     

太湖穹窿中逆—逆冲断层及外围的推覆构造

太湖穹窿中逆－逆冲断层均发育在褶皱的翼部，并在平面上成放射状排列。而推覆构造为浅成的、弧立的飞来峰散布在穹窿的外围。通过几何学、运动学的研究，揭示这些构造与太湖穹窿在成因上有密切联系。即当垂直构造力向上顶托形成隆起时，岩层沿下震旦统软弱层发生垂直半径方向的收缩，产生侧向挤压，形成穹窿裙边褶皱，并在褶皱陡翼产生逆－逆冲断层，组合成放射状构造。而在穹窿的中心顶部出现正断层，受正断层切割的顶部地层失去相     

基于构造物理模拟实验的正断层形成和演化过程

研究正断层的形成和演化过程不仅对厘清石油、天然气的聚散过程具有重要意义,而且可为断块油气藏等的高效开发提供理论依据.以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组正断层为原型开展构造物理模拟实验;通过高分辨率的粒子图像测速技术记录实验砂层变形速度、断层倾角、断层距离和应变能;划分正断层形成和演化阶段并从应变能角度分析正断层形成和演化特征.结果 表明:正断层开始形成后,断层破碎带区域最早破裂,上盘次之,其后为下盘;倾角随埋深加深有"多期递减"现象;明显断距最先在断层带上部出现,断距不断增大后断裂向断层带下部延展;断层带纵向上断距并不均等,断层带下部断裂程度明显大于上部,断距分布呈"双峰"特征.正断层形成和演化可划分为断层初始期、断层孕育期、断层形成期、断层稳定期,不同时期的应变能密度峰值差异为1～3个数量级.应变能的释放时间决定了断裂产生时机,应变能释放率决定了断裂规模,地层应变能的积累和释放是正断层形成和演化的主要内因.正断层形成后,残余了高应变能的上盘区域以多种形式逐渐释放应变能形成次生断层.文中提供了一种模拟正断层形成和演化的物理模拟实验方法,希望给石油地质工作者提供一点有益的启发.     

边界断层倾角和剥蚀作用对断陷盆地正反转构造演化的影响——以中非Bongor盆地为例

以中非Bongor盆地为例,结合区域构造解析和砂箱模拟实验,探讨和分析了断陷盆地中先存边界断层倾角变化和区域剥蚀作用对盆地正反转构造演化的影响.研究表明,沿着断陷盆地内不同倾角(45°～75°)的先存边界正断层,地层反转构造变形存在明显的差异.沿着高角度边界正断层(60°或75°),反转滑移相对比较困难,地层容易形成反...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has