飞秒激光分子结构成像

飞秒激光具有超短的脉冲宽度和超强的峰值功率,它在科学研究中的广泛应用极大地提高了人类认识物质世界的能力.本文介绍我们基于飞秒强激光作用下分子的隧道电离和库仑爆炸,在分子轨道和分子构型成像方面的研究进展.     

飞秒激光声光扫描

飞秒激光的声光扫描具有快速、高精度和高重复性的优点，在显微成像、微细加工和光存储等领域具有广泛的应用前景，但受到严重色散效应的制约．该文综述了飞秒激光声光扫描研究的最新进展，给出了飞秒激光经声光扫描后的时空间色散与时间色散效应基本描述，介绍了飞秒高斯脉冲经声光扫描后脉冲宽度演化的理论进展，分析了各种用于飞秒激光声光扫描的色散补偿技术的特点，最后介绍了目前面临的挑战．     

激光偏振态对飞秒激光等离子体中产生的超热电子喷射方向的影响

采用2×10 16 W/cm 2 的超短激光脉冲辐照铝靶,研究了激光偏振态对超热电珑子发射的影响.对s偏振光,向外传播的超热电子射流沿激光偏振方向发射,而对于p偏振光,超热电子射流方向靠近靶面法线方向.文中还通过观测靶背面的X射线韧致辐射,对p,s偏振光产生的向内传播的超热电子行为进行了研究.     

飞秒激光对酮类分子的作用

由于飞秒激光具有超快的特点。所以它对酮类分子的作用具有与纳秒激光不同的过程。本文简要叙述激光的发展及其对酮类分子的作用。     

飞秒激光与金属作用机理

对脉冲激光沉积过程中激光和金属作用的微观机制进行了深入分析.通过双温方程模拟得到飞秒激光作用金靶材温度随时间变化的图像.该图像反应出激光和金属表面及内部晶格作用特点.进一步分析得知,当晶格温度大于金属沸点时将会产生高能的等离子体.通过数值模拟找出了产生等离子体所需激光的能量阈值,这样能够帮助纳米材料的制备者选择激光,制备出优质的纳米薄膜.     

飞秒激光微通道加工研究进展

综述了基于飞秒激光微通道制造的研究现状,包括加工机理、工艺技术方面的研究进展,重点介绍了飞秒激光改性辅助化学刻蚀和液体辅助飞秒激光烧蚀两大主要制造方法上的研究成果,概述了目前面临的主要问题与挑战,展望了未来的发展趋势.     

飞秒激光诱导Li2分子的电子-离子动力学的理论研究

随着飞秒激光技术的发展,科学家们致力于理解飞秒激光与物质相互作用过程中的物理机制.选取轴对称的Li₂分子为研究对象,采用实时间、实空间的含时密度泛函理论研究飞秒激光诱导的Li₂分子的电子-离子动力学过程.在之前Li₂分子光吸收谱的理论研究基础之上,选取其偶极响应频率作为激光频率,通过调制频率、强度、极化方向等激光参数,形成不同诱导条件,包括共振情况和非共振情况,研究Li₂分子中的响应偶极矩、离化电子数、总能量和原子实位移随时间变化的物理机制.在激光作用结束后,研究上述物理量在弛豫过程中的演化规律.通过对体系的电子密度进行截图,观测电子密度在原子实背景下的振荡行为.     

飞秒激光脉冲倍频的实验研究

利用2mmKDP晶体对中心波长790nm、脉冲宽度75fs、晶体表面强度约1011W/cm2的超短超强激光脉冲进行了倍频实验研究。通过对基频脉冲能量及频率啁啾的优化,可以获得高于40%的能量转化效率。观测了基频脉冲频率啁啾对倍频光产生的影响,发现激光脉冲啁啾为零时对应的倍频转化效率最高;对于相同的光栅相对位置,正啁啾基频脉冲的倍频转化效率高于负啁啾。     

整形飞秒激光耦合静电场导致的分子取向增强研究

为了进一步提高分子在复合场中的取向度,提出采用整形飞秒激光耦合静电场取向分子.飞秒激光采用3次方相位调制整形,整形后的激光脉冲类似于缓慢上升快速下降的激光脉冲,但是与后者相比,整形后的激光场更加利于分子取向,能够有效提高分子取向度.这种脉冲上升沿变化导致的取向增强有助于进一步分析复合场的取向机制,并且改变整形参数、电场强度和分子转动温度,可以进一步提高分子取向度.     

超短脉冲激光和钛宝石飞秒激光器

该文介绍了飞秒激光的特点、应用以及钛宝石激光器的相关理论.     

Pulse width effect on the dissociation probability of CH4^＋ in the intense femtosecond laser field

The electric field strength of the intense ultrashort laser pulse can reach or exceed 108 V/cm, the intensity of the Coulomb field responsible for the stability of molecules. Exposed to such intense laser fields, mole- cules become unstable, undergoing di…     

Dissociation of NO2 in femtosecond intense fields

The study of molecules in strong laser fields is a challenging topic in molecular science[1―10]. With the advent of short-pulse lasers, the behavior of molecules can be explored on the time scale of vibrational mo-tions. An intense and linearly polarized…     

Dissociation of methanol in intense femtosecond laser field

Methanol was irradiated by 80 fs laser pulse, intensity range of 10¹³–10¹⁴ W/cm². A TOF-mass spectrometer was coupled to the laser system and used to detect the ions produced. The parent ions CH₃OH⁺ appeared firstly at the laser intensity of 1.4×10¹³ W/cm². While the laser intensity was gradually increased, the parent ions were dissociated and the primary ions CH₂OH⁺ were given as verified from the irradiation of deuterated methanol (CH₃OD) showing the C—H bond cracking firstly. While the laser intensity was further increased to 2.0 × 10¹³ W/cm², the C—O bonds of the parent ions also broke to give CH₃ ⁺. When the laser intensity was higher, smaller fragment ions like CH⁺, C⁺, OH⁺ and O⁺ also appeared. Among the fragment ions, only H⁺ ion yield had anisotropic angular distribution dependence on the laser polarization vector in the dissociation of methanol. All the experimental observations show that the dissociation of methanol proceeds through stepwise mechanism but not Coulomb explosion.     

飞秒激光和大功率激光的发展与应用

综述了激光技术的新发展和研究的热点,重点论述了飞秒激光技术的最新发展和它在生命科学、基因工程、信息科学、超微细加工及物理学等领域中的应用以及大功率激光技术的发展和它在国防军事领域中的应用。     

Ionization and dissociation of acetonitrile by intense femtosecond laser pulse

Photoionization and photodissociation of CH3CN were studied by a linear time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with 800 nm, 50 fs laser pulses at intensities of 6.3×1013-1.2×1014 W/cm2. The laser power dependences for principal ions CH3CN+, CH2CN+, CHCN+ and CCN+ were measured, which are consistent with the numbers of photons required to produce the ions via multiphoton ionization and dissociation. The results show that eight-photon non-resonant multiphoton ionization is the main photoionization mechanism of the parent ion CH3CN+, while the fragment ions were produced through the dissociation of the molecules in the super-excited states.     

Optical data storage in nonphotosensitive media by femtosecond laser pulses

Ultrashort lasers have become powerful tools by inducing extremely nonlinear effects in a wide variety of materials. Femtosecond laser data storage in non-photosensitive media is promising for its high density and fast retrieval. We reviewed the progress of three types of femtosecond laser storage in transparent materials: three-dimensional bit-oriented storage by micro-voids, holographic data storage by two beam interference and storage by computer-generated holograms.     

Research on the technology of femtosecond laser micromachining based on image edge tracing

Aiming at fabrication of complex microstructures and micro-patterns, a kind of femtosecond laser micromachining technology based on the BMP image edge tracing was proposed. We introduced the general principle of this technology and discussed the implementation of the machining paths extraction, optimization, tracing and the feedback of the machining procession in detail. On the basis of this technology, control software for femtosecond laser micromachining was developed. Furthermore, we have accomplished the fabrication of complicated two-dimensional (2D) micro-patterns on a copper thin film. The results indicate that this technology can be used for digital control micromachining of complex patterns or microstructures at micron and submicron scales by femtosecond laser.     

Optical data storage in nonphotosensitive media by femtosecond laser pulses

Ultrashort lasers have become powerful tools by inducing extremely nonlinear effects in a wide variety of materials. Femtosecond laser data storage in non-photosensitive media is promising for its high density and fast retrieval.We reviewed the progress of three types of femtosecond laser storage in transparent materials:three-dimensional bit-oriented storage by micro-voids,holographic data storage by two beam interference and storage by computer-generated holograms.     

飞秒激光在蓝宝石晶体表面加工微细结构的实验研究

由于蓝宝石晶体具有很高的硬度和耐磨蚀性,很难进行机械和化学腐蚀加工。笔者利用波长780 nm、频率1 kHz和脉冲宽度164 fs的飞秒脉冲激光在蓝宝石晶体表面进行了微细结构加工的实验研究。采用飞秒激光静态照射蓝宝石晶体表面,通过飞秒激光烧蚀孔的直径和脉冲能量的关系,计算了飞秒激光烧蚀蓝宝石晶体的两种烧蚀状态下的烧蚀阈值和有效烧蚀半径。通过直线扫描实验,在不同实验条件下在蓝宝石晶体表面加工微槽,获得微槽的宽度和深度与飞秒激光主要参数之间的关系。研究结果表明,微槽的加工表面可通过增加扫描次数而得到明显的提高,且扫描次数的增加对微槽的宽度和深度基本无影响。利用聚焦的飞秒激光束沿着轨迹扫描,在蓝宝石晶体表面加工出比较清洁的微小结构,可以为实现微结构的精密加工提供指导。     

Monitor and control of neuronal activities with femtosecond pulse laser

Combined with the fluorescence labeling technique, two-photon microscopy excited with femtosecond pulse laser has become an important tool for neuroscience research. In this research, the calcium signals from neurons in rat cortex slice were monitored by a custom-built two-photon microscopy, and the spontaneous calcium signals and the pharmacological responses as well as the responses to femtosecond pulse laser stimulation were recorded. The results showed that the amplitude of the cal- cium signals increased in direct proportion to the corresponding electrical activities. Glutamate induced a calcium transient, but continuous application resulted in smaller response. Simultaneous monitoring of neuronal populations distinguished the neurons of different microcircuits. The femtosecond pulse laser induced local or global calcium signals in the pyramidal neurons. The approach of interrogation and control of neural activities using femtosecond pulse laser is non-contact, nondestructive, repeatable, and without any additional substrates, which will contribute to the development of neuroscience.