Study on the behaviors of poly（p-phenylene benzobisoxazole） in coagulation

Poly（p-phenylene benzobisoxazole）（PBO） is a candidate of high performance materials for many applications. PBO materials＇ properties are considered to be closely related to their fabrication process, especially coagulation. In this paper, the coagulation effect on the chemical and microstructure of PBO was investigated with the help of a PBO model compound, 2, 2＇-（ 1,4-phenylene） bis （5-amino-6-benzoxazolole）. During coagulation, the hetero-cyclic ring of the PBO structure was experienced cleavage and even being broken down completely under some extreme conditions. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD） analysis showed that different coagulants could cause the microstructure difference in PBO materials. In a slow coagulation process, PBO molecular chains aligned more orderly in the side-by-side direction （200）.     

Study on the binding mode of Mg（Sal2trien） with DNA

Polyamide could not only combine with DNA out- side but also inhibit expressing of gene[1]. At the same time, polyamide could coordinate many molecules. Ren et al.[2] found that [MgⅡ(dien)(OH)] can cleave pBR322DNA effectively in 2004. Liu et al.[3,4] f…     

Study on the submerged fermentation （SMF） of termitomyces eurrhizus

The influence of KH2PO4, peptone and brown sugar on Termitomyces fuliginosu’ s mycelium formation was studied with the application of the design of quadratic rotation general combination based on determining the growth curve. A quadratic regression model of biomass to the doses of the above three factors was established. The model fit well and therefore the optimum fermentation condition was obtained. Responses of biomass to the three single factors and to their interactions were discussed. Thus, the highest level of hiomass, 21.1 g/L, appeared under the optimized conditions when the initial KH2PO4, peptone and brown sugar were 1 g/L, 4 g/L and 72 g/L respectively.     

Study on wavy distribution of rainfall associated with typhoon Matsa （2005）

An analysis is made to investigate the structure features of the extensive heavy rainfall left by typhoon Matsa, after its landfall in mainland China in August 2005, based on a range of observational results, including surface intensive observation data, TBB data from China's FY-2 satellite, and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data. The study tries to explore the interaction between atmospheric waves, 3-D atmospheric structures, and typhoon rainbands. Observational facts, diagnostic analysis, and atmospheric wave theory are used to look into the formation mechanism of distant typhoon rainbands. Results show that (1) Matsa rainbands have the features of noticeable wave train distribution and long distance propaga-tion; (2) the typhoon rainbands extend as far as 2000 km northwardly from the typhoon center, with a wavelength of 500―1000 km and a wave period of 12―24 h; (3) the wave structure of Matsa rainbands is closely associated with the corresponding wave variation of the ambient 3-D atmospheric structures, including disturbance vorticity, divergence field, vertical motion field, water vapor flux divergence field, etc. (4) both observational facts and theoretical analysis show that the northward extending typhoon rainbands are associated with the mixed effects of atmospheric inertia wave and internal gravity wave; (5) only under proper atmospheric stratification and vertical wavenumber of gravity wave, can a ty-phoon stimulate such a wave being able to reach such a distance, and result in extending wavy rain-bands.     

Experimental Study on the Feasibility of Methane Drainage in Coal Seams with Compound Technique of Perforating and Fracturing

1IntroductionGas disasters are the most main hidden dangersof coal mines,actually the ultimate means ofproblem-solvingis pre-drainage.The permeabilitycoefficient of coal seamis the parameter whichjudges the degree of difficulty or easiness of themethane flows in coal seams,which is provedright in theory and in practice.During drainingmethane,the drainage effects of coal seams,whose pressure are not relived,are mainly dependonthe permeability coefficients[1].At the presenttime,one of the key pr…     

Experimental Study on the Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Airlift Loop Reactors（ALR）

1IntroductionWhen used in the reaction system,airlift loopreactors(ALRs)have the characteristics of highmass transfer coefficient,good mixingperformance,low flow sheer stress and energysaving,and thus enjoy a broad prospect ofapplication.In additionto tra…     

Experimental Study on the Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Airlift Loop Reactors（ALR）

The promoting effect of ultrasonic wave on the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of the airlift loop reactor was studied．The effect of the airlift reactor and ultrasonic wave on the reactor’s gas holdup,liquid circulation velocity,mixing time and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient respectively with and without the presence of ultrasonic wave is empathetically examined and compared．The experiment has proven that the incorporation of ultrasonic wave has no effect on the gas holdup but has the tendency to gradually decrease the liquid circulation velocity and increase the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient; the effect on the mixing time is relatively complex．At low gas velocity,low powered ultrasonic wave promotes the radial mixing of fluid;with the increase of ultrasonic power,ultrasonic vibration obstructs the radial mixing of fluid．Therefore,there exists an optimal ultrasonic power．Moreover,the effect of ultrasonic wave on the mixing time gradually decreases with the increase of the superficial gas velocity．Correlations were also proposed for the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of the reactor．     

Secretion and regulatory mechanism of leptin during pregnancy in the golden hamster （Mesocricetus auratus）

Leptin, a 16 kDa polypeptide mainly secreted by white adipose tissue, has important function on the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure[1]. High concentration of leptin in the circulation suppresses food- intake, increases energy expenditure and therefore decreases the body weight; Accordingly, low concentration of leptin in the circulationstimulates food intake, decreases energy expenditure andincreases the body weight[1]. Normally, leptin level in thecirculation correlates with …     

Study on the enzymatic activity of Caspase-3 in response to alginic acid decomposing bacteria in Laminaria japonica Aresch.（Phaeophyta）

Caspase-3 is the major factor in apoptosis triggered by various stimuli, and plays a critical role during the apoptosis process. By using CaspGLOWTM fluorescein active caspase-3 staining method, caspase-3 enzymatic activities were detected in response to alginic acid bacteria in Laminaria japonica sporophytic tissues. Results showed that caspase-3 enzymatic activities were observed at 5 min after the infection. Caspase-3 enzymatic activity increased with the infection time, and had a tendency of moving from the infection site to outside. By applying caspase-specific peptide inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, caspase-3 activation could be effectively abolished in the infected tissues. Our results indicate that programmed cell death (PCD) may be involved in the infected Laminaria japonica sporophytic tissues, and provide the evidence that defense mechanisms in algae may have similar caspase cascade events in animals.     

Effects of the disaggregation of high—polymerized particles in guard cell vacuoles on osmoregulation of stomatal aperture（stomata opening）

Observation under an electron microscope reveals that in closed and open stomata of V.faba,the average volume of particles in guard cell vacuoles(GCV) reduces about 3 orders in magnitude,while the distribution density of the particles increases about 2 orders of magnitude.By using the method of the ration of fluorescent emissions with laser scanning confocal microscopy,the monitoring to stomata opening shows that during 10 to 30 s before the first distinguishable aperture of stomata,there is a change of pH in GCV about-0.5 units.A quick stomatal opening immediately follows the changes of pH in GCV to reach a steady aperture about 12μm in 100-200s.This work proposes a model for the osmoregulation in GCV for stomatal opening.The proposed osmoregulation is related to the disaggregation of some polymerized particles inside GCV,which is probably induced by a-ΔpH in the vacuole.This model describes a process of osmoregulation that avoids the massive energy consuming transportation across cell membranes,which is a foundation of the current chemiosmotic hypothesis.This model is a supplement to the multiple controlling hypothesis for the stomatal movement,which widens research principle ideas for other quick movements in plants.     

Decomposition in blocks at the level of wavelet coefficients and T（1 ） theorem on Hardy space

This paper deals with the estabhshment of T(1) theorem on Hardy space H^l under condition of weak regldarity. An operator or a function is identified on the basis of their wavelet coefficients which axe regrouped on some blocks. The actions of each block operator ( pseudo-annular operator) on each block function(atom) axe exactly analyzed to establish T( 1 ) theorem on Hardy space.     

Density functional study on mechanism of CO oxidation with activated water on O/Au （1 1 1 ） surface

With density functional theory, the mechanism of water-enhanced CO oxidation on oxygen pre-covered Au （111） surface is theoretically studied. First, water is activated by the pre-covered oxygen atom and dissociates to OHads group. Then, OHads reacts with COads to form chemisorbed HOCOads, Finally, with the aid of water, HOCOads dissociates to CO2. The whole process can be described as 1/2H2Oads ＋ H2Oads ＋ 1/2Oads＋ COads→H3Osds ＋ CO2, gas. One CO2 is formed with only 1/2 pre-covered oxygen atom. That is why more CO2 is observed when water is present on oxygen pre-covered Au （111） surface. Activation energy of each elementary step is low enough to allow the reaction to proceed at low temperature.     

Separation and analysis of the soluble trimer of Aβ1-40 and its effects on the rise in intracellular calcium

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the progressive neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein conformational transition, generally known as protein conformational disorders[1]. The general characteriza- tions of AD are the intracellular fibrillar…     

Effect of global warming on the distribution of Lucifer intermedius and L. hanseni （Decapoda） in the Changjiang estuary

We conducted an oceanographic census in 1959, 2002, and 2005 to evaluate changes in the temporo-spatial distribution and abundance of Lucifer intermedius and L. hanseni in the Changjiang estuary. In general, the abundance and frequency of occurrence (OF) for these two species were highest during the summer. We measured a significant change in the abundance and OF between years. The abundance and OF of L. intermedius increased from 3.7 individuals m⁻³ and 66.67%, respectively, in 1959, to 8.93 individuals m⁻³ and 85.19%, in 2002. In 1959, L. hanseni was only found during the summer (abundance: 0.01 individuals m⁻³, OF: 3.70%). However, in 2002, this species was collected during all seasons except the winter. Furthermore, abundance (0.47 individuals m⁻³) and OF (25.93%) were higher in 2002 than in 1959. Further increases in abundance and OF were measured during cruises during the spring of 2005. We hypothesize that global warming is responsible for the increase in abundance of L. intermedius and L. hanseni and the northward expansion of L. hanseni in the Changjiang estuary. Given our results, monitoring of both species may be useful to evaluate the effects of climate change.     

Study of altitudinal lapse rates of δ18O in precipitation/river water with seasons on the southeast Tibetan Plateau

Seasonal δ^18O variation in water on the southeast Tibetan Plateau has been studied, showing the consistent variation pattern of δ^18O with altitude indicative of relevant atmospheric circulation processes. Study shows a similar variation pattern of fixed-site river water δ^18O with that of the precipitation δ^18O in southeast Tibet. δ^18O in regional rivers in southeast Tibet demonstrates a gradual depletion with increasing altitude, though the rates vary seasonally. The most depleted river ^18O occurs during the monsoon period, with the lowest δ^18O/altitude lapse rate. The river ^18O during the westerly period is also depleted, together with low δ^18O/altitude lapse rate. The pre-monsoon rivers witness the most enriched ^18O with least significant correlation coefficient with the linear regression, whilst the postmonsoon rivers witness the largest δ^18O/altitude lapse rate. Different coherence of seasonal δ^18O variation with the altitude effect is attributed to different moisture supplies. Though sampling numbers vary with seasons, the δ^18O-H linear correlation coefficients all reach the 0.05 confidence level, thus witnessing the variation features of δ^18O in seasonal river water due to the influence of atmospheric general circulation and land surface processes revealed from the altitudinal lapse rates.     

Temporal and Spatial Conversion Analysis of Soil Erosion in the Three Gorges Region Based on RS and GIS Technique——A Case Study in Kaixian County

In this paper, Kaixian County, situated in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, was selected for the case study. Factors of soil erosion were obtained based on the technique of remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS）. Combining with field survey, soil erosion data in the years of 1988, 2000 and 2004 which covered the period from the beginning of the Three Gorges Reservoir Project to nowadays were investigated through the judgment model established on soil erosion intensity. With the function of spatial analysis in the geographic information system, the analysis and appraisal of dynamic soil erosion changes were carried out, and the spatial characteristics of the vicious change were highlighted, and the main causes of the vicious change of soil erosion were explored.     

The Theoretical Summary and Mathematics Expression on the Regulation of Life in Meridian（Jingluo经络）Science

The meridian（Jingluo经络）is a core principle of traditional Chinese medicine．The meridian plays a central role in the regulation of human health and vitality．In the past５０years,the scientific evidence has been gathered via our physiological experiments to confirm the biological basis of the human meridian pathway phenomenon．Meridian Science has been established as a new branch of natural science to advance and promote the study of this important phenomenon for human life．In this paper,the authors describe the theoretical concept of the meridian and mathematics expression,its relationship to an efficient meridian circadian cycle,and its significance to human life．