Hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity in acrylamide neuropathy

Summary Acrylamide was found to be tissue selective in its toxicity. Doses which were clearly neurotoxic to rats were without effect on hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase, total hepatic protein or microsomal protein.Supported by Biomedical Research Support from New Jersey Medical School.     

Hepatic drug metabolizing activity in lead-poisoned rats

Zusammenfassung Eine Verminderung der Konzentration von Cytochrom P-450 sowie der Aktivität von arzneimittelabbauenden Enzymen tritt in der Rattenleber nach Bleivergiftung auf. Intensität und Dauer sind dosisabhängig (10–100 mol Pb(NO₃)₂ pro kg Körpergewicht).

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Publication No. 883 of Directorate for biology (D.G. III) —European Communities Commission.     

Impairment of rapid axonal transport and concomitant anomaly of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in acrylamide induced neuropathy]

The axonal transport of proteins was studied by radioautography in preganglionic axons of ciliary ganglia in Leghorn chickens treated by acrylamide. The slow axonal transport of proteins was hardly affected. In contrast, the fast axonal transport was severely impaired. Indeed, radioactive proteins accumulated focally at the periphery of several preterminal axons in regions showing a local disorganization of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum which seemed to be one of the earliest changes induced by acrylamide.     

50ppm MnBK subclinical neuropathy in rats.

40 rats were subjected daily for 6 months to an atmosphere containing 50ppm MnBK. 32 of the rats presented with demyelination of the sciatic nerve and 2 of these with axonal hypertrophy.     

Hepatic protein turnover in goldthioglucose-induced obesity

Summary Goldthioglucose obese mice fail to regulate hepatic protein turnover in response to variable energy intake in contrast to lean mice.     

50 ppm MnBK subclinical neuropathy in rats

Summary 40 rats were subjected daily for 6 months to an atmosphere containing 50 ppm MnBK. 32 of the rats presented with demyelination of the sciatic nerve and 2 of these with axonal hypertrophy.This work was supported in part by General Support Grant RR. 5414.We thank Dr Cedric Raines, Einstein Medical Center, New York, for helpful criticisms and suggestions and Dr Saul Francis for intoxicating the rats.     

Ultracentrifugation of yeast cells in a gradient of acrylamide gel and sucrose

Zusammenfassung Dichtegefälle-Ultrazentrifugation, verbunden mit Photopolymerisation von Akrylamid, ist geeignet um lebende, unverletzte Zellen unbeweglich in Bänder zu trennen, insofern sie sich punkto Gewicht, Volumen, Dichte oder Beweglichkeit im Dichtegefälle unterscheiden. Verschieden ernährte Hefezellen-Gruppen (Candida albicans) zeigten verschiedene Bandenverteilungen.     

Hepatic blood flow in acute myocardial ischemia

Summary Hepatic blood flow was monitored in cats during myocardial ischemia (MI). Increased plasma CPK activity, the S-T segment of the electrocardiogram, and hepatic flow was reduced by 5 h to 40% of control. The results suggest that MI can influence organs distant from the original ischemic episode.Supported in part by Research grant HL-17745 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.Acknowledgments. We gratefully acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Mary Ann Spath.     

Hepatic blood flow in acute myocardial ischemia

Hepatic blood flow was monitored in cats during myocardial ischemia (MI). Increased plasma CPK activity, the S-T segment of the electrocardiogram, and hepatic flow was reduced by 5 h to 40% of control. The results suggest that MI can influence organs distant from the original ischemic episode.     

Two-dimensional electrophoresis of rat serum esterases in cellulose acetate and acrylamide gradient gel

Zusammenfassung Isoenzyme von Serumesterasen wurden zuerst mit Zelluloseazetat und dann mit einem Gradientgel von Polyakrylamid mit zweidimensionaler Elektrophorese bei der Ratte untersucht. Ein neues Band, das eine starke Albuminesteraseaktivität aufweist und unempfindlich gegen 10^–3 M Physostigmin ist, wurde somit gefunden. Von 17 Esterasebändern waren 7 empfindlich auf Physostigmin, und 3 wurden auch durch Iso-OMPA gehemmt, während 284-C-51 gar keinen Effekt zeigte.

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Supported by a grant from the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Finland.     

In vivo inactivation of transglutaminase during the acute acrylamide toxic syndrome in the rat

The activity of liver and brain transglutaminase is rapidly lost following i.p. injection of acrylamide (50-200 mg/kg). Other enzymes investigated were not modified by the treatment, with the exception of brain enolase.     

Hepatic proline after bile duct ligation in rats

Since biliary hyperplasia of fascioliasis correlated with hepatic proline level, we examined the occurrence of a similar chemical stimulus during bile obstruction. Uptake of tritiated proline and glycine rose in both hepatocytes and a bile duct enriched cell fraction, following duct ligation in rats. The increased hepatic content of proline but not glycine suggests that proline has a role in post-obstructive biliary proliferation.     

Monoamine oxidase activity in Helix pomatia.

The distribution and characterization of MAO in various tissues of the snail were analyzed. Only low amounts of the enzyme exist in the different tissues and data suggest that there is more than one type of MAO.     

Testosterone derivatives are neuroprotective agents in experimental diabetic neuropathy

In this study we have assessed the effect of testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5αandrostan-3α, 17β-diol (3α-diol) therapies on diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes was induced in adult male rats by the injection of streptozotocin and resulted in decreased T and increased 3α-diol levels in plasma and in decreased levels of pregnenolone and DHT in the sciatic nerve. Moreover, a reduced expression of the enzyme converting Tinto DHT (i.e., the 5α-reductase) also occurs at the level of sciatic nerve, suggesting that the decrease of DHT levels could be due to an impairment of this enzyme. Chronic treatment for 1 month with DHT or 3α-diol increased tail nerve conduction velocity and partially counteracted the increase of thermal threshold induced by diabetes. Treatment with DHT increased tibial Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity and the expression of myelin protein P0 in the sciatic nerve.DHT, 3α-diol and T reversed the reduction of intra-epidermal nerve fiber density induced by diabetes. These observations indicate that T metabolites can reverse behavioral, neurophysiological, morphological and biochemical alterations induced by peripheral diabetic neuropathy. I. Roglio, R. Bianchi: These authors contributed equally to this study. Received 4 January 2007; received after revision 13 February 2007; accepted 27 March 2007     

In vivo inactivation of transglutaminase during the acute acrylamide toxic syndrome in the rat

Summary The activity of liver and brain transglutaminase is rapidly lost following i.p. injection of acrylamide (50–200 mg/kg). Other enzymes investigated were not modified by the treatment, with the exception of brain enolase.     

HepaticΔ 4-steroid hydrogenase in the pregnant rat

Résumé Chez la rate gravide, la réduction du corticosterone, exprimé par gramme de foie fut augmentée les douzièmes et quatorzième jours de gestation. L'activité du foie entier augmenta à partir du douzième jour.     

Collagenolytic activity of eosinophilic granuloma in vitro.

Lytic activity of eosinophilic granuloma and other tumours was studied in vitro on collagen substrate. Collagen degradation was measured through the release of hydroxyproline-rich peptides into the medium. The in vitro lytic action was at a maximum in the case of EG and was correlated with the presence of histiocytic cells.