脂肪族聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的静电纺丝

以不同体积比的二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）和四氢呋喃（THF）为混合溶剂用于生物材料聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的静电纺丝,扫描电镜结果发现,当DMF在混合溶剂中所占的体积分数高于75％时,容易形成珠丝结构薄膜;而当DMF体积分数为50％时,可得到无珠丝的均匀纤维结构薄膜＇-3静电电压介于15～20kV时,所得纤维直径大于1000nm;而当电压介于20-32kV时,形成的纤维直径在420—720nm之间,纤维分布较为均匀．聚碳酸酯聚氨酯溶液的质量分数低于10％时,易形成珠丝结构,而提高其浓度,珠丝现象消失．当聚碳酸酯聚氨酯质量分数大于12％时,所得纤维平均直径较大（1840nm）．溶液体积流率对纤维直径的影响呈线性正比关系,所考察的最小体积流率为0.3mL／h,可得到均匀纤维,其平均直径为420nm．     

一种从衰减数据重建X射线球管光谱的方法

为了获得完整的球管光谱信息以实现X射线的曝光剂量控制和成像质量评估，提出了一个基于模型的光谱重建方法．根据不同厚度的衰减数据，用非线性最小二乘法估计出模型参数值，重建出应用于乳腺X射线检查的球管光谱．相对于传统的光谱重建方法，该方法采用模型约束，有效地遏制了衰减数据中测量噪声的影响，重建的光谱具有较高的精度．实验表明，当衰减数据合有标准差为1％的泊松噪声时，钨靶在35kV和45kV球管电压下，重建光谱的误差分别为4．03％和2．92％；钼靶在20kV和30kV电压下，误差分别为6．68％和8．41％．     

明胶水溶液的静电纺丝成形

以水为溶剂制备明胶溶液进行静电纺丝,在60～65℃纺得明胶超细纤维,探讨了明胶用量、静电电压及纤网收集距离等因素对明胶水溶液静电纺丝成形的影响．结果表明：在60～65℃范围内,明胶溶液的黏度随明胶用量的增加而大幅上升,呈2次指数关系;随明胶用量的降低（从25％降到15％）,所得纤维平均直径减小（从266．5nm降为167．7nm）;随静电纺丝电压的升高,纤维直径下降,当电压大于17kV后其变化趋于平缓;静电纺丝收集距离在11～21cm之间变化时,所得的纤维直径在165～210nm之间,变化幅度不大．     

强发射电流反铁电冷阴极材料实验研究

采用固态烧结工艺制备了位于反铁电／铁电相界附近的PbLa（Zr，Sn，Ti）O3（PLZST）反铁电陶瓷样品．通过测定样品在快速单脉冲电压激励下的电子发射特性，得到了激励电压对发射电流的影响规律，发射电流随激励电压增加而增加，当激励电压大于1．5kV时，发射电流趋于饱和．在单脉冲激励下进行电子发射实验，得到如下结果：在激励电压为800V、抽取电压为0V的条件下，发射电流密度为1．27A／cm^2；当抽取电压增加到4kV时，获得了1700A／cm^2的大发射电流密度．     

对血压正常值的探讨

在临床工作中测量血压要求血压计、测量部位、心脏三者保持在同一水平，但又因“一般右上肢高于左上肢”的血压，又有所偏差，据我临床观素，左上肢血压稍高于右上肢血压。资料一、80例血压对比20—45健康人员中男10例，女10例，在安静状态下测量右侧肱动脉，均由一个人用同一血压计（水银柱式）听诊器测量，方法：选择坐位测量20例右侧防动脉血压，作以记录，然后取平卧位，休息5分钟后再次测量右侧防动脉血压，同样记录。二、结果分析坐位时平均收缩压为14．13An．33KP，卧位时平均收缩压为12．49An．26KP，比坐位时低0．55KP，坐位时…     

等静压力及偏置电压下锆钛锡酸铅基反铁电体的介电行为

采用固态烧结工艺制备了位于反铁电（AFE）／铁电（FE）相界附近的PbLa（Zr，Sn，Ti）O3（PLZST）反铁电陶瓷样品．通过测定样品的相对介电常数及损耗与各种参量的关系，得到了等静压力及偏置电压对反铁电体铁电／反铁电相变及反铁电／顺电（PE）相变温度影响的规律．研究发现：极化了的PLZST反铁电材料在一定等静压力的作用下，随着偏置电压的增加其峰值相对介电常数增大，相对介电常数最大值对应的温度降低，FE／AFE转变温度上升，AFE／PE转变温度下降；当等静压力为0．1MPa时，单位偏置电压引起的居里点变化率为-1℃／kV，单位偏置电压引起的FE／AFE相变温度变化率为5．2℃／kV，当等静压力为60MPa时，分别为-2．2℃／kV和3℃／kV。     

毛细管电泳法分离测定食品中山梨酸、苯甲酸、糖精

采用毛细管电泳-紫外检测法，考察了波长，电压，缓冲试剂、浓度、pH对山梨酸、苯甲酸、糖精分离的影响，得到了优化的实验条件．以硼砂20mmol／L(pH=7．5)为运行缓冲溶液．20kV为分离电压，检测波长为230nm的电泳条件下，进样时间为10s，山梨酸、苯甲酸、糖精可在12min内实现分离．山梨酸在5mg／L～50mg／L，苯甲酸在5mg／L～50mg／L，糖精在15mg／L～150mg／L范围内呈良好线性关系，迁移速度、峰面积相对标准偏差均小于4．5％，(n=5)．用上述方法对实际样品进行测定，回收率在95％以上．     

有机氧同位素组成的在线测定方法

通过在不同条件下对几种标准有机物的实验对比，确定了利用质谱-元素分析仪联机系统测定有机物氧同位素组成的最佳实验条件。结果表明：当GC温度为85℃，炉温为1325％，载气氦压为0．08—0．10MPa，高压为3kV，参考气CO的压力为0．05MPa时，测定的实验结果误差小于0．05％，达到实验要求。     

4 MV静电加速器的设计与调试

介绍了静电加速器的结构以及在调试中出现的一些问题,分析了这些问题出现的原因以及解决办法.在11.5 MPa由氮气、二氧化碳和六氟化硫组成的绝缘气体(其体积比为75∶20∶5)下,离子源在575 V板压、7.7×10-4Pa气压、1.6 kV引出电压和21 kV聚焦电压的状态下,得到3.1 MV、106μA稳定的质子束.     

大中功率节能调速传动的合理电压等级

大中功率风机和泵采用变频调速可节约大量电能，大部分功率在0.2～2 MW范围中。我国现在200 kW以上的电机多是中压，现行中压电网多为10 kV，选用10 kV直接变频从技术和经济角度看都不太合理。由于变频器输入侧都有变压器，因此电机和变频器没有必要和电网一致。文章讨论不同功率段的合理电压等级以及在电机电压和电网电压不同情况下当变频器出现故障时如何实现旁路工作。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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