短额负蝗交尾,产卵与气候因子的关系

通过室内、外罩笼饲养及野外观察，发现短额负蝗（ＡｔｒａｃｔｏｍｏｒｐｈａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＩ．Ｂｏｌ．）在太原地区８月上旬为羽化始盛期，中旬为盛期，羽化后６ｄ～１２ｄ开始交尾，交尾后７ｄ左右开始产卵。短额负蝗交尾、产卵与温度、光照强度及时间都有密切关系。交尾比较集中的温度是２２℃～３０℃，光照强度为４０ｌｘ～２０００ｌｘ，１ｄ内交尾比较集中的时间在１２时～１７时。产卵比较集中的温度是２５℃～２９℃，光照度为２２５ｌｘ～３０００ｌｘ，１天内集中产卵的时间在１３时～１６时。     

突缘拟凹背蝗生物学特性初步研究

突缘拟凹背蝗Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｐｔｙｇｏｎｏｔｕｓ ｐｒｏｍｉｎｅｍａｒｇｉｎｉｓ Ｚｈｅｎｇ ｅｔ Ｍａｏ在云南大理地区１年发生１代,产于土中的虫卵于９月中,下旬开始孵化,卵期平均９０．５ｄ;蝗蝻５龄,历时１８４．５ｄ,主要以３龄蝗蝻越冬;次年５月上,中旬开始羽化,不久即交配交卵,每雌虫平均产卵２４．９个,成虫寿命１８－２３ｄ,于６月下旬至８月上旬相继死亡,已知有多种天敌。     

长沙多索线虫生活史的研究

对长沙多索线虫（Ａｇａｍｅｒｍｉｓｃｈａｎｇｓｈａｅｓｎｓｉｓ）的研究表明；其生活史即是生活年史，一年一代，在１９～２７℃下，其生活史约需６０ｄ左右，分别是卵内发育２０ｄ左右；寄生前期１～３ｄ；寄生期１４～２１ｄ；寄生后期２０～３０ｄ这一生蜕皮３次，即达性成熟，交配产卵，完成１代生活史。     

小麦叶蜂的生物学特性及防治研究

小麦叶蜂在信阳一年发生一代。成虫初见于２月上旬，盛见于２月下旬到３月下旬；卵初见于２月中旬，盛见于３月上旬到４月上旬；幼虫五龄，初见于３月下旬，盛见于４月到５月上旬。以幼虫越夏，和以幼虫和蛹越冬。幼虫入土越夏深度在２０ｃｍ以下的占９７．５％。幼虫喜适湿度较干燥的环境中生存为害，四到五龄为暴食期。防治的有利龄期为三龄。在ｍ￣２内有三龄幼虫２５头为防治指标。防治幼虫的有效农药有５０％辛硫磷、５０％甲胺磷、４０％水胺硫磷以及４．５％甲敌粉等。     

利用低温和气调对鲜荔枝作检疫杀虫处理试验

应用在Ｏ２含量约为１％～５％、ＣＯ２约５％～６％和在２℃低温下处理１３ｄ的气调和低温综合处理技术，可完全杀死人工接种在荔枝鲜果中的桔小实蝇（Ｂａｃｔｒｏｃｅｒａｄｏｒｓａｌｉｓ）的卵和幼虫．不影响荔枝鲜果的品质     

黄缘阿扁叶蜂生物学特性和防治方法初步研究

黄缘阿扁叶蜂是我市用材林松类树种马尾松、云南松的重要食叶害虫之一。该早１年发生１代，以老熟幼虫入土作土室，在土室内变为预蛹越夏越冬，次年２月中旬羽化，５月上旬为幼虫主要要危害期，５月中下旬幼虫开始下树。幼虫期用２０％氰戌菊酯、２５％灭幼混合喷雾，防治效果达９０％以上。     

贮存时间对武昌罗索线虫寄生前期幼虫感染率的影响

将武昌罗索线虫寄生前期幼虫贮存于０－５℃条件下，其有效率分别是：３ｄ为９０．５％；６ｄ为８６．８％；９ｄ为８１％；１２ｄ为７８％；１５ｄ为６７．５％；２１ｄ为３１．３％；２７ｄ为２６％，蚊幼虫的寄生率分别是：３ｄ为９３％；６ｄ为９２％；９ｄ为９３％；１２ｄ为９０％；１５ｄ为８２％；２１ｄ为６３．５％；２７ｄ５７％，经方差分析，其有效率在１２Ｄ之间无显著性差异。Q     

桃粉蚜发生规律及防治

研究表明，桃粉蚜一年发生２０～２５代，以卵在桃树枝条的芽腋或树皮裂缝处越冬。越冬卵３月下旬～４月上旬孵化，５月下旬产生有翅蚜迁飞到夏寄主上繁殖，秋季从夏寄主迁回桃树上，１１月产卵在桃树上越冬。桃粉蚜的适温范围为１５～２８℃。测定５种药剂的药效，以氧化乐果、辟蚜雾、甲甲磷为好，应交替使用，以免产生抗药性     

落叶松球果种蝇生物学特性及防治的研究

落叶松球果种蝇在庙尔山地区一年一代或一年两代，以蛹在地被物下越冬。翌年５月初开始羽化，５月下旬产卵并出现幼虫，７月初幼虫老熟脱果落地化蛹。害虫发育与温度和寄主物候有相关性；成虫羽化始期是由４月１０日算起积温达１５２℃的日期，日平均气温需达１１℃左右，产卵始期日平均温度需达１５℃，成虫羽化与雄花粉散落，产卵始期与种鳞开张，幼虫老熟与种鳞硬化具有一致性，防治试验表明；树冠喷洒４０％氧化乐果乳油８００倍     

厦门卵索线虫生物学特性及对蝗虫自然控制作用的初步研究

寄生于蝗虫的厦门卵索线虫（Ｏｖｏｍｅｒｍｉｓｘｉａｍｅｎｅｎｓｉｓ）生活史周期为一年，流行时间为４～１０月，但在６～７月感染率为最高。在本种线虫流行区内，单位面积草地上蝗虫虫口数比非流行区明显降低，对蝗虫种群数量有显著的自然控制作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-