玉米生粉酒精发酵的研究

利用无蒸煮工艺，探讨玉米生粉酒精发酵的最佳工艺条件：原料加水比为１∶２．５，α－淀粉酶用量为１０μ／ｇ原料，糖化酶用量为４００μ／ｇ原料，青霉素用量为１６００μ／Ｌ。在３０℃，ｐＨ４．２条件下，２１４１菌株发酵１２０ｈ后，酒精度达９．６％，残还原糖０．２２％，淀粉利用率８２．５４％     

发酵玉米芯水解液制备乙醇的研究

为了提高戊糖发酵制备乙醇的产率,利用经驯化后的嗜单宁管囊酵母发酵玉米芯水解液,研究了嗜单宁管囊酵母的驯化工艺和发酵条件对乙醇产率的影响,得到了优化的工艺条件。结果表明,经驯化后的嗜单宁管囊酵母发酵玉米芯水解液的糖利用率比原来提高了41.23％,乙醇得率提高了118.83％,戊糖和己糖利用率分别为89.55％和85.23％。优化的发酵条件为初始糖浓度60～90g/L,初始pH5.5～6.0,接种量(体积分数)8％,发酵周期96h。在该发酵条件下,酒精得率可达0.346g/g。     

富铬啤酒酵母发酵条件的优化

通过对啤酒酵母富铬发酵条件（发酵培养基配方,发酵时间,发酵温度,接种量,培养基装量）的探讨,得到了富铬啤酒酵母发酵的最佳工艺条件,即：（１）发酵培养基配方：葡萄糖１％、酵母膏０．３％、蛋白胨１．０５％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．１％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．１％、（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．１％、Ｃｒ３＋浓度０．０２ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ值５．１;（２）最佳吸收时间：发酵４８ｈ．（３）发酵温度：２８℃;（４）接种量：１０％;（５）培养基装量：５０ｍＬ．     

固定化酵母细胞连续发酵生产酒精的研究

在３００Ｌ容量塔式发酵器中进行固定化酵母细胞连续发酵酒精的小型中放实验，固定化酵母细胞可连续使用３个月以上，在温度３０℃左右，ｐＨ＝４～５及糖浓度１８％（Ｗ／Ｖ）（１１°Ｂｘ）时，每升固定化酵母可产酒精２５～３０ｇ．     

无机物添加剂用于无烟煤制浆的研究

测定了无机物添加剂水玻璃，膨润土或两者混合物及其ｐＨ值对焦作无烟煤成浆性能的影响。对煤浓度为６４％的焦作无烟煤浆，它们的最佳加入量分别为玻璃１．６７％；膨润土０．５％；两者混合物１．５％及ｐＨ１１－１２时，制浆效果最佳。     

用酵母生产麦角固醇发酵动力学的研究

研究了酵母以蔗糖为废物发酵生产麦角固醇的动力学模型：菌体生长模型．拟合值和实验值之间的平均相对误差１３．５％；底物庶糖消耗动力学模型．拟合值和实验值之间的平均相对误差９．８８％；麦角固醇合成动力学模型：拟合值和实验值之间的平均相对误差９．０％．     

环境因素对固定化弱氧化醋单胞菌发酵特性的影响

本文研究了外界因素对于以海藻酸钠为载体的固定化弱氧化醋单胞菌ＡＳ１．１８８发酵特性的影响。以产酸速率为选定依据，固定化弱氧化醋单胞菌的最佳发酵条件是：温度３０℃，麦茶汁初始ｐＨ值６．５，麦茶汁浓度１０°ＢＸ，凝胶量９％，在此条件下，其产挥发酸速率：０．０６３ｇ／Ｌ·ｈ，产总酸速率：０．０６７ｇ／Ｌ·ｈ。     

树干毕赤酵母固定化细胞的酒精发酵

利用海藻酸铝酸胶包埋，将低浓度的树干毕赤酵母（Pichia stipitis)细胞固定，其凝胶粒直径约2－3mm，经增殖培养，使凝胶珠表面的细胞密集，极大地减少了传递阻力，有利于该酵母细胞的“半好气”酒精发酵，结果表明，固定化细胞戊糖，己糖同步酒精发酵糖液初始PH5．0－5．5较适宜；混合糖60g/L（50％葡萄糖、50％木糖）的固定化细胞酒精发酵，发酵前12h主要利用葡萄糖，12h以后木糖利用占主导地位，以低PH（2．8，2．4，2．0）无菌水处理酵母细胞海藻酸铝凝胶珠，2－3h后又恢复正常PH（5．0）。用PH2．8无菌水处理固定化细胞2－3h，细菌基本上被杀死，而酵母细胞功能不受影响，当PH2．4时，对酵母细胞影响较大，而PH2．0时，酵母细胞严重受损，大部分死亡。     

假蜜环菌产胞外多糖发酵的初步研究

在摇瓶和２１发酵罐水平上，研究了假蜜环菌产胞外多糖的发酵情况，并建立了一套方便可靠的检测方法。在摇瓶发酵中，探讨了培养基初始ｐＨ、初始糖浓度、装液量及钙离子等因素对假蜜环菌产生胞外多糖的影响，得出的优选条件为初始ｐＨ５．０，初糖浓度５％，每个５００ｍｌ瓶装液１００ｍｌ及添加１％碳酸钙。优选条件下在２１发酵罐中经７ｄ发酵后，胞外多糖产量可高达３．９９ｍｇ／ｍｌ。有关假蜜环菌胞外多糖的发酵研究，尚未见有报道。     

发酵制备黄腐酸的研究

对黄腐酸的发酵制备及提取工艺进行了研究,以锯末,玉米面和棉籽油为主要原料进行发酵,通过正交实验得出了从发酵产物中提取黄腐酸的最佳条件：ｗＮａＯＨ＝３。５％,６０℃,浸提１．５ｈ,然后从盐酸调ｐＨ至２．０,酸析得到黄腐酸,产率可达４６．９％,另外,利用ＫＭｎＯ４氧化降解法从碱提取液中提取黄腐酸,产率可达４６．９％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that