不同品种马铃薯加工鲜湿面条的适宜性比较研究

为探讨不同品种马铃薯加工鲜湿面条的适宜性,从流变学特性、烹调特性、质构特性等方面分析了13个马铃薯主栽培品种全粉原料对鲜湿面条产品品质的影响,并研究了马铃薯全粉糊化特性与鲜湿面条品质的相关性。研究结果表明:13个马铃薯品种中布尔班克全粉在糊化过程中具有较高的膨胀度、耐剪切能力、热稳定性、硬度、凝胶强度、峰值时间和糊化温度,由其制作的面团筋力最强,且鲜湿面条产品烹调特性、质构特性等指标优于其他品种,因此认为,13个主栽培品种中布尔班克适宜加工为马铃薯鲜湿面条。相关性分析表明,马铃薯全粉的峰值黏度与鲜湿面条品质显著相关,可以作为筛选加工鲜湿面条的马铃薯品种的重要指标。本研究旨在为马铃薯鲜湿面条品质评价和加工鲜湿面条的马铃薯专用品种的筛选提供理论依据。     

添加不同品种和类型的马铃薯全粉对鲜湿面条品质的影响

为探讨添加不同品种和类型的马铃薯全粉鲜湿面条加工适用性,系统研究了3个马铃薯主栽培品种制作的生全粉、熟全粉以及市售马铃薯雪花粉的品质特性。以小麦面粉鲜湿面条为对照,从流变学特性、烹调特性、质构特性等方面分析了添加马铃薯粉原料对鲜湿面条产品品质的影响。对比3种不同类型的马铃薯全粉,发现糊化度、碘蓝值较低的生全粉细胞完整率相对较好,由其制作的面团筋力较强,制作的鲜湿面条无断条,烹调损失率较低,感官评分较高,硬度、内聚性、弹性、胶着性、咀嚼性各项质构评价指标较大,黏性相对较小,其品质更接近于小麦粉鲜湿面条,因此认为,生全粉更适宜制作马铃薯鲜湿面条。对比3个不同品种的马铃薯全粉,发现夏菠蒂这一品种更适合作为马铃薯鲜湿面条产品的原料。对比马铃薯全粉类型和马铃薯品种这两个影响因素,虽然添加不同类型的全粉对鲜湿面条品质的影响更为显著,但品种间的差异也较大;研究不同品种加工鲜湿面条的适用性,对改良马铃薯鲜湿面条品质具有一定借鉴意义。     

鹰嘴豆面条的工艺优化及质构特性研究

以鹰嘴豆粉为原料,采用4因素3水平的正交实验,研究鹰嘴豆粉用量、水的用量、醒发时间和煮制时间对鹰嘴豆面条品质的影响.运用模糊数学评分法,对鹰嘴豆面条的色泽、韧性、硬度、光滑性和味道进行了感官特性的分析,形成了鹰嘴豆面条加工工艺最佳的方案.结果表明,鹰嘴豆面条的最佳工艺为:鹰嘴豆粉用量为18 g,水的用量为48 g,醒发时间为20 min,煮制时间为11 min.此条件下制作的面条色泽淡黄色、均匀、外形整齐、咬劲、弹性均适口,具有鹰嘴豆的香味.质构特性结果表明,感官评分较低实验组的质构数值呈现出偏高或偏低趋势,感官评分较高的实验组处于中等水平.此外,将鹰嘴豆面条与小麦面条的品质进行了对比.结果表明,鹰嘴豆面条的感官评分优于小麦面条.添加鹰嘴豆粉所制得的面条品质特性得到显著提升.     

板栗茯苓面条的研制

为优化板栗茯苓面条的原料配方及工艺条件,对不同比例板栗粉-茯苓粉-小麦粉的添加量进行分析,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验、感官评价等方法,探讨海藻酸钠、水、和面时间、醒面时间对板栗茯苓面条品质的影响,结合质构分析,研究感官评价和TPA有关指标之间的相关性.结果表明:板栗茯苓面条的最佳配方为小麦粉75 g、板栗粉15 g、茯苓粉10 g、海藻酸钠4 g、盐2 g和水40 g;最佳工艺为和面时间12 min,醒发时间25 min.质构特征参数与感官评定结果有一定的相关性,提示质构分析是板栗茯苓面条品质评价的一种有效方式.     

改性玉米粉面条品质特性研究

对玉米粉、改性玉米粉和小麦粉所制得面条的蒸煮特性及质构特性进行了分析比较.结果表明,改性玉米粉面条硬度、弹力均与小麦粉面条接近,其咀嚼度达到小麦粉面条的86%以上,改性玉米粉面条拉伸力达到小麦粉面条的50%,根据破碎特性分析得出改性玉米粉面条的韧性达到小麦粉面条的70%.改性玉米粉面条的蒸煮损失率和断条率均低于小麦粉面条,但与玉米粉相比,改性玉米粉所制得的面条品质特性得到显著提升.     

湿滑状态下飞机轮胎与道面摩擦特性试验

湿滑道面会造成飞机制动性能下降,影响起降安全。本文通过搭建污染跑道摩擦特性测试装置,根据飞机在湿滑道面滑跑的实际情况,对飞机轮胎在不同水膜厚度、速度、载荷条件下运行的接触力、滑移距离进行研究,分析了湿滑条件下道面摩擦特性与影响因素间的关系。实验结果表明：水膜厚度对道面摩擦特性影响显著,水膜厚度为13mm时,轮胎与道面之间的接触应力变化明显,滑移距离大幅度增加。随着速度的增加,轮胎与道面之间的接触应力呈线性增加趋势,过高的速度会增加滑水风险。轮胎载荷的增加会减少湿滑道面上的滑移距离,在一定程度上提高飞机轮胎的载荷,能有效改善湿滑道面上的摩擦特性。     

淀粉及变性淀粉在面条品质改良中的应用

淀粉及变性淀粉对改善面条品质具有显著作用.在面条中合理添加后,可改善面条的口感、耐煮性、固形物溶出率,提高面条的贮藏品质.阐述了淀粉及变性淀粉在挂面、方便面、鲜切面、米粉以及日本白盐面条的生产中的应用及其对面条改良的效果及机制,可为面条生产企业改良面条品质提供一定程度的参考.     

国内外面条生产方式及面条品质的研究

对国内外面条的生产方式、面条的形态品种以及面条品质的研究状况进行了阐述.     

针织物问液体传导的机理研究

外部压力对液体在织物间传导有很大的影响,较高的压力能触发液体在织物间传导的发生.至于外部压力对织物间液体传导速度的影响,则存在一个压力最佳值,在最佳压力值下,织物间液体的传导最快.湿层织物初始含水量高则明显地增加了织物间液体的传导量.由于单面毛绒织物的两面具有不同的毛细管尺寸,当干层织物的光面与湿层织物的光面和毛面分别接触时,液体在织物间发生转移,传导量前者大于后者;当干层织物的毛面与湿层织物的光面和毛面分别接触时.织物间没有液体转移现象发生.     

黄土湿陷变形本构关系研究

根据黄土湿陷变形的结构性原理,分析了湿陷变形的塑性特性,引用增湿软化模型ZSM体作为增湿变形的力学模型,应用常规三轴浸水试验研究了不同的应力状态下湿陷性黄土在水和力共同作用下的湿陷变形特性,将增湿含水量作为内应力考虑,并由试验拟台得出湿陷体积屈服面和剪切屈服面,基于广义塑性力学原理建立了湿陷变形的增量本构模型,该模型考虑了湿陷变形中的湿陷体积变形和湿陷剪切变形以及球应力和偏应力对湿陷体积变形和湿陷剪切变形的交叉影响,反映了黄土湿陷变形的特性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with