基于深度学习的SARS-CoV-2 RBD-ACE2结合亲和力预测方法

新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的快速变异导致不断出现新的毒株.已有研究表明SARS-CoV-2的S蛋白受体结合域(Receptor Binding Domain,RBD)与宿主ACE2的结合亲和力与病毒的侵染能力相关.随着新型冠状病毒在全球的持续暴发，出现了大量RBD多点突变的新毒株.通过生物试验方式获得突变毒株RBDACE2结合亲和力费时费力，远远落后于突变株的积累，不能满足对该病毒实时监控的需求.为了快速预测具有多点突变毒株的结合亲和力，设计了一种深度神经网络模型.该模型结合卷积神经网络、循环神经网络与注意力机制，从RBD序列上学习关键特征并预测RBD-ACE2的结合亲和力,在真实数据集上对模型进行训练和评估.实验结果表明新模型可以有效地预测关切变异株的RBD-ACE2结合亲和力，也有助于对SARSCoV-2突变株的传播能力进行监控.     

冠状病毒感染过程中血管紧张素转换酶2作用的研究进展

冠状病毒可引起人类呼吸道、肠道等多系统感染.严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV,2003年)、人冠状病毒NL63(HCoV-NL63,2004年)以及目前的新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2,2019年)均已被证实通过与黏膜的血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)结合感染人体.因此研究冠状病毒感染过程中ACE2的作用有助于了解冠状病毒的致病机制,为新型冠状病毒肺炎的防治提供参考.该文综述了ACE2在3种冠状病毒感染人体过程中作用的研究进展,主要涉及病毒棘突蛋白识别ACE2胞外域顶端,且有跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸2(TMPRSS2)等因子参与其中.针对冠状病毒与ACE2结合的机制,可以从多个靶点设计防治药物.     

靶向SARS-CoV-2的纳米抗体研究进展

席卷全球的新型冠状病毒病(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引起的,SARS-CoV-2是继严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV)和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV)后人类发现的第三种引起全球大流行的冠状病毒.刺突蛋白(spike protein, S)的受体结合域(receptor binding domain, RBD)可以与细胞表面的血管紧张素转换酶2(angiotensin converting enzyme2,ACE2)结合,进而入侵细胞内部,启动病毒的复制.为了预防和治疗新冠病毒肺炎,研究人员研发了多种疫苗、小分子药物及抗体药物.纳米抗体(nanobodies, Nbs)是可识别抗原的最小结...     

分子对接技术筛选沉香中抗新型冠状病毒活性成分

从沉香中筛选潜在的抗新型冠状病毒活性成分,指导以沉香小分子作为SARS-CoV-2潜在阻断剂和抑制剂药物的研发.根据沉香已知的化学成分,采用分子对接的方法,以血管紧张素转化酶-2(ACE2)、SARS-CoV-2的3CL水解酶(3CLpro)为靶标,通过结合打分值以及与靶蛋白受体的相互作用模式,获得沉香中具有潜在抗SA...     

基于位点特异性打分矩阵的卷积神经网络预测SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白的蛋白质二级结构

新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)有4种关键的结构蛋白,而核衣壳蛋白就是其中的1种.本实验从公开数据库NCBI上选取的SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白质序列数据,分析SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白与SARS-CoV核衣壳蛋白的序列相似性,对SARS-CoV-2核衣壳蛋白的理化性质和疏水性进行分析;在此基础上提出基于位点...     

COVID-19粪便传播可能性的研究

2019年12月由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染引发的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)爆发,并在短时间内迅速蔓延至全世界,对全球公共卫生造成了严重威胁.SARS-CoV-2主要通过飞沫和近距离接触进行传播,具有较高的感染率.病毒进入人体后,主要在肺泡中复制,引起肺中炎症反应加剧,损害肺组织,严重患者出现急...     

SARS-CoV-2感染诱导宿主炎性损伤的毒理学机制研究进展

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)已成为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件.SARS-CoV-2的传播、致病机制、疫苗研发等成为当前研究焦点,其感染可诱导宿主靶细胞中病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)和损伤相关分子模式(DAMPs)激活、介导细胞器损伤和细胞毒性作用,并...     

冠状病毒的致炎机制研究进展及疫苗研发特点

新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引发的肺炎(COVID-19)疫情目前已在全球范围内大流行.该文综述了冠状病毒感染介导肺部炎症反应机制的研究进展,从病毒的复制感染和抗冠状病毒中和抗体的产生两方面阐释其可能诱发的炎症反应;进而讨论了当前SARS-CoV-2疫苗的研发特点,对减毒活疫苗、灭活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、核酸疫苗4条不同的技术路线进行介绍,以期为COVID-19疫情的防控提供理论参考.     

SARS-CoV-2和新型冠状病毒肺炎:发病机制与药物开发研究进展

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)是一种新发现的传染性人类冠状病毒,可导致新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19).阐述了SARS-CoV-2的病原性特征,及其导致的新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床症状、致病机理与免疫反应特点;概述了当前针对COVID-19的治疗方案和潜在新疗法,及针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗开发进展,以期加深人们对SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19的了解,帮助人们制定策略遏制COVID-19大流行.     

基于分子对接技术从虾夷扇贝中筛选抗SARS-CoV-2活性肽研究

为从食品原料中筛选具有抗2019新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)能力的生物活性肽段,选用虾夷扇贝肌球蛋白为目标序列,利用计算机对虾夷扇贝肌球蛋白进行模拟酶解,对酶解所得的肽段进行毒性和生物活性预测。选取活性评分超过0.5且无毒性的肽段,以SARS-CoV-S/ACE2复合蛋白和COVID-19 Mpro水解酶为靶标进行分子对接,鉴定其病毒抗性。结果表明:肽段CSNAIPEL可以与SARS-CoV-S/ACE2复合蛋白上的GLN42和GLU329两个关键氨基酸结合,LibDock Score为136.03;肽段LPIY不仅能与SARS-CoV-S/ACE2复合蛋白上的ASP38和TYR491氨基酸结合,还能够与COVID-19 Mpro上的THR24、THR25和THR26氨基酸结合,LibDock Score 分别为142.85和168.04;肽段QRPR与COVID-19 Mpro 水解酶晶体上的THR24、THR25和THR26氨基酸结合,LibDock Score为154.93。研究表明,肽段CSNAIPEL、LPIY和QRPR三者表现出较好的抗SARS-CoV-2能力。本研究旨在为抗新型冠状病毒功能食品的研发提供新的思路。     

新型冠状病毒膜蛋白的生物信息学分析

为了研究新型冠状病毒膜蛋白(SARS-CoV-2 M蛋白)结构及性质.基于生物信息学分析M蛋白质基因结构、二级结构和三级结构、翻译后的修饰和进化历程.结果表明,M蛋白为疏水性蛋白,其基因编码区长度为669bp,编码222个氨基酸;M蛋白启动子区内不存在甲基化位点,存在17潜在的转录因子结合位点;其二级结构以无规则卷曲和...     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus

Spike (S) proteins of coronaviruses, including the coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), associate with cellular receptors to mediate infection of their target cells. Here we identify a metallopeptidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), isolated from SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-permissive Vero E6 cells, that efficiently binds the S1 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein. We found that a soluble form of ACE2, but not of the related enzyme ACE1, blocked association of the S1 domain with Vero E6 cells. 293T cells transfected with ACE2, but not those transfected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 receptors, formed multinucleated syncytia with cells expressing S protein. Furthermore, SARS-CoV replicated efficiently on ACE2-transfected but not mock-transfected 293T cells. Finally, anti-ACE2 but not anti-ACE1 antibody blocked viral replication on Vero E6 cells. Together our data indicate that ACE2 is a functional receptor for SARS-CoV.     

SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein: Importance in viral infection

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Therefore, it is critical to understand the biological basis of SARS-CoV-2 to develop novel approaches to control its spread. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein is an important diagnostic and potent therapeutic target of the disease, as it is involved in numerous important functions in the viral life cycle. Several studies have explained the structural and functional aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein. This review summarizes the currently available data on the evolutionarily conserved N protein of SARS-CoV-2 by providing detailed information on the structural and multifunctional characteristics of the N protein.     

人体与动物隐孢子虫和肠道原虫的考察

人体与动物隐孢子虫和肠道原虫的考察洪凌仙，杨文川，彭文峰，崔宏江（生物学系）隐孢子虫是人兽共患的一种球虫类原虫，寄生宿主广泛，包括鱼类、爬行类、鸟类、乳动物及人类．Ｎｉｍｅ在美国首次报道人体隐抱子虫病例［‘ｊ，此后世界各国陆续发现人体的病例，并认为隐...     

A Coordination Model of Gene Sequences for SARS-CoV and its Receptor

IntroductionFrom the emergence of SARS CoV, manystudies havebeen done on its biological medicine aspects, such aspathogeny characteristics, mechanisms of causing disease,clinic diagnosis and treatment, bacterin development andthe spreading rules. At the level of molecule biology,studies have been done on its genome sequences characteristics, structures and functions of the translatedproteins, and the evolution relationships in sequences[1 5].The caus…     

基于功能视角的游憩商业区空间结构研究——以南京市夫子庙地区为例

在分析国内外相关研究文献的基础上,对游憩商业区(Recreational Business District)的研究进行了综述,划分了国内外RBD研究历程的阶段,认为国内RBD研究因为外延缩小而产生了偏差.从特征、功能、类型与概念等方面对RBD的核心理论内容进行了归纳与总结,认为RBD是为了满足异地旅游者和本地居民的游憩需求而以旅游吸引物为核心、在可达性良好的交通节点附近集中布置各种消费性商业服务设施形成的区域特定系统空间.以南京市夫子庙地区为例,从观光游览、休闲娱乐、购物、住宿和餐饮五大功能视角对夫子庙RBD的空间结构进行了实证分析,提出了"T"中心环绕型空间结构模型.指出了国内RBD研究中存在的一些偏差:RBD的区位并非如国内学者普遍认为的一定在城市区域内,而是由旅游吸引物所在区域与主要交通道路或公共交通终端的节点位置决定,具有不确定性;以旅游吸引物为核心和交通可达性强是被国内研究忽略的RBD主要特征;商务、办公、会议等并非RBD的功能,而是传统CBD向RBD发展演化时CBD原有功能演替后保留下来的,并非RBD本身所具备.     

Ligand binding to the beta-adrenergic receptor involves its rhodopsin-like core

Recently the genes for several hormone receptors that interact with guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) have been cloned, including the hamster beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR), a human beta AR, the turkey erythrocyte beta AR and the porcine muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (MAR). All these receptors share some amino-acid homology with rhodopsin, particularly in 7 hydrophobic stretches of residues that are believed to represent transmembrane helices. To determine whether differences in ligand specificity result from the divergence in the sequences of the hydrophilic regions of these receptors, we have expressed in mammalian cells genes for the wild-type hamster and human beta AR proteins, and a series of deletion mutant genes of the hamster beta 2AR. The pharmacology of the expressed receptors indicates that most of the hydrophilic residues are not directly involved in the binding of agonists or antagonists to the receptor. In addition, we have identified a mutant receptor that has high agonist affinity but does not couple to adenylate cyclase.     

天然产物活性化合物抗SARS-CoV研究

针对系统综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2),在全球范围大流行并呈指数级传播,迫切需要有 效的抗病毒药物和疫苗来控制和预防 SARS-CoV-2 疫情,寻找与开发有效、价格低廉的治疗 SARS-CoV-2 药物,是全世界面临的挑战;结合国内外最新文献,介绍了冠状病毒的起源、种类、人类感染的危害与应对措 施,发现药用植物与其它天然产物,其活性化合物抗 SARS-CoV 和增强免疫力廉价、可行,中医临床也证实 天然药物治疗 SARS-CoV 的有效性;天然产物包括药用植物、真菌和海洋生物的活性成分,可能成为 SARS- CoV-2 抑制剂研究与开发的新前沿。     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the most severe form of acute lung injury, is a devastating clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate (30-60%) (refs 1-3). Predisposing factors for ARDS are diverse and include sepsis, aspiration, pneumonias and infections with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. At present, there are no effective drugs for improving the clinical outcome of ARDS. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 are homologues with different key functions in the renin-angiotensin system. ACE cleaves angiotensin I to generate angiotensin II, whereas ACE2 inactivates angiotensin II and is a negative regulator of the system. ACE2 has also recently been identified as a potential SARS virus receptor and is expressed in lungs. Here we report that ACE2 and the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) protect mice from severe acute lung injury induced by acid aspiration or sepsis. However, other components of the renin-angiotensin system, including ACE, angiotensin II and the angiotensin II type 1a receptor (AT1a), promote disease pathogenesis, induce lung oedemas and impair lung function. We show that mice deficient for Ace show markedly improved disease, and also that recombinant ACE2 can protect mice from severe acute lung injury. Our data identify a critical function for ACE2 in acute lung injury, pointing to a possible therapy for a syndrome affecting millions of people worldwide every year.