面向云工作流的两阶段资源调度方法

为提高云计算系统的资源利用率,优化系统性能,同时兼顾用户的服务质量(Qo S)需求约束,文中结合云计算和工作流建立了云工作流系统,给出了具有两个调度阶段的系统资源调度模型.在第1阶段中,考虑了Qo S的时间及价格约束、工作流内各个任务之间的依赖关系以及各个任务所产生的中间数据的处理,提出了改进的粒子群优化(MPSO)算法,并利用Pareto获得最优解,以提高调度效率;在第2阶段中,考虑了资源在主机上的分配情况,提出了具有负载感知的调度策略,根据系统的负载情况进行资源调度,以提高系统的资源利用率.实验结果表明:在云工作流系统的资源优化调度中,与经典的异构最早完成时间算法、单目标优化的遗传算法相比,MPSO算法的任务执行速度更快、资源利用率更高,能满足用户的Qo S需求;具有负载感知的调度策略能更有效地根据负载情况进行调度,提高任务执行的效率和资源利用率.     

基于预留带宽门限和传输等级的带宽分配算法

针对异构无线网络融合环境下多业务传输资源分配问题,提出一种基于预留带宽门限和业务传输等级自适应的分布式带宽分配算法.根据移动终端多宿主传输特性和异构网络分布式资源管理模型,通过构建传输业务的网络效用函数,在传输等级Qo S需求和业务容量约束条件下,将其建模成凸优化问题;根据用户业务请求接入变化,自适应的调整预留带宽门限和业务传输等级,采用动态优化的迭代算法求得最优带宽分配矩阵.仿真结果显示,所提算法在保证网络低的通信开销和满足Qo S需求基础上,达到最大化网络的效用函数和降低业务呼叫阻塞概率的效果.     

基于作业类型和优先级权重的容量调度算法

针对Hadoop平台默认调度器在异构环境中不能根据作业类型和资源使用情况进行资源调度的问题,进行了Hadoop容量调度算法资源调度机制研究,提出一种基于作业类型和优先级权重的容量调度算法。首先通过作业负载分类,将用户提交的作业划分为CPU(central processing unit,中央处理器)负载类型作业和I/O(input/output,输入/输出)负载类型作业,并将不同类型作业分配到相应队列中;然后根据权重公式为超过等待时间阈值的作业更新作业优先级,实现队列中的作业排序;最后结合节点实时负载情况优先为优先级高的作业分配资源,从而实现集群性能的提升。结果表明,在异构环境下,相比容量调度算法,本算法将单作业类型和混合作业类型的作业平均完成时间分别缩短了9.7%和30.8%,从而有效地提高了作业执行效率和系统的资源利用率。本算法优化了Hadoop系统的负载均衡,可为后续相关调度算法的优化研究提供参考。     

基于PSO和SA混合优化的智能容错QoS路由机制

由于网络的异构性、移动性和不稳定性等特点导致网络在发生故障时连接的可靠性变差,不能满足用户服务质量(quality of service,Qo S)需求,因此网络需要具有保证Qo S的容错路由能力.为此提出基于粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)和模拟退火(simulated annealing,SA)混合优化的容错Qo S路由机制.考虑到网络环境的动态性,引入模糊数学和概率论定量刻画网络模型,采用共享风险链路组(shared risk link group,SRLG)分离和共享通路的预防式保护策略建立备份路径,使其端到端可靠性、代价和路径Qo S评价值达到最优.仿真结果表明,所提出的容错路由机制具有良好的路由有效性、故障恢复率和资源利用率,是可行和有效的.     

实时多任务异构云计算平台负载均衡算法

针对组成云计算平台各节点之间软件环境存在异构性及数据分布不均匀等原因而导致云计算平台在处理大量任务时往往出现节点负载不均衡的问题,提出了解决异构云计算平台负载均衡方法与相关算法.研究首先统计云计算平台提供的各类服务的平均资源消耗,结合任务分配给指定节点后运行时长和资源占用情况,预测评估某一时刻节点上任务剩余资源消耗需求总量既剩余负载总量;各节点按周期反馈实际任务负载情况,及时修正任务负载信息;最后综合考虑节点各项性能,预测各节点负载评估值,并将待分配任务分发给最适合的节点.实验结果表明,该算法具有可行性并在实时多任务异构云计算平台负载均衡方面具有一定优势.     

基于分簇的无线多媒体传感器网络QoS多径路由

针对无线多媒体传感器网络应用,提出基于分簇的Qo S多径路由算法。该算法首先建立分层网络拓扑,然后基于改进蚁群算法实现Qo S多径路由。网络分层时,根据多媒体传感节点的有向性设计分簇算法,实现簇内数据融合以减少冗余数据。数据传输阶段,提出基于蚁群优化的Qo S多径路由算法以满足多约束的Qo S需求。仿真结果表明,与Ant Sens Net等路由协议相比,该算法有效降低网络负载,延长网络生命期。     

基于边缘云的动态和抢占式任务卸载调度算法研究

边缘云计算系统被广泛用于支持各种计算服务。针对边缘云计算环境中的任务卸载调度问题,考虑边缘云系统下的动态性和抢占式任务卸载调度,提出一个基于贪婪模拟退火启发式算法的在线卸载框架(SAOF),根据任务所需的传输延迟以及计算时间,进行周期性的卸载和调度计算,考虑独立任务的随机到达性和资源的异构性,动态地将新到达的任务分配到合适的目的地(边缘服务器或云服务器),并根据每个任务的延迟敏感性,抢占式地为其分配计算资源,使所有任务的总加权响应时间最小化。最后,在多组参数组合下生成测试实例并进行性能评估实验,将SAOF算法与3种优秀的卸载调度优化算法(Selfish算法、Nearest算法和OnDisc算法)进行对比,实验结果表明,SAOF算法能更有效降低所有任务的总加权响应时间。     

移动Internet中端到端QoS保证的准入及资源分配策略

目前对移动 Internet上服务质量 ( Qo S)的保证方法 ,大多没有考虑端到端 Qo S保证及准入与资源预留的结合 .文中提出了一种准入及资源预留策略 ,将应用服务分为三类 ,对其中两类服务同时考虑移动主机本地资源信息和移动范围内的资源信息 ,并改进资源预留协议 ( RSVP)来在相应 IP流路径上的所有网络节点进行准入控制和资源预留分配 ,从而达到移动 Internet上的端到端Qo S控制的目的 .仿真结果表明 ,该策略有效降低了服务的切换失败概率 ,保证了端到端 Qo S     

云计算下异构数据集成模型的构建

为使用户能够将现有的应用系统向云计算环境迁移,将原有的异构数据处理无缝的映射为云计算环境下通用的数据服务和行为,从云计算和云存储的理论和模型出发,面向大规模的数据密集应用,针对各种异构数据库存储系统和云存储系统,构建云计算环境下异构数据模型,为用户提供透明、统一的异构数据集成和访问接口服务。实践证明:云计算下基于本体的异构数据集成模型的构建,可以为云计算环境下各业务应用提供统一的数据管理和处理方法,方便、快捷地实现异构数据统一的检索与查询以及业务应用所处理的各种异构数据之间实质性关联与映射。     

移动Internet中端到端QoS保证的准入及资源分配策略

目前对移动 Internet上服务质量 (Qo S)的保证方法 ,大都没有考虑端到端 Qo S保证及准入与资源预留的结合 .文中提出了一种准入及资源预留策略 ,将应用服务分为三类 ,对其中两类服务同时考虑移动主机本地资源信息和移动范围内的资源信息 ,并改进资源预留协议 (RSVP)来在相应 IP流路径上的所有网络节点进行准入控制和资源预留分配 ,从而达到移动 Internet上的端到端 Qo S控制的目的 .仿真结果表明 ,该策略有效降低了服务的切换失败概率 ,保证了端到端 Qo S.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with