开封近50年暴雨、大暴雨时空分布特征分析

利用1961—2009年近50年来开封地区逐日降水资料,对开封暴雨、大暴雨进行时空分布特征分析,结果表明:其年代际变化均呈波浪型,波峰为20世纪70年代,波谷为80年代,90年代回升,21世纪初大暴雨呈减少趋势.开封地区的暴雨具有明显的季节性特征,夏季暴雨最多,尤其是7月中下旬最为集中;多局部暴雨,少区域性暴雨,连续暴雨也较少;暴雨南部多北部少,而大暴雨东部、东南部多,西部少;年暴雨站次数与年降水量呈很好的正相关;夜暴雨多于昼暴雨,并分析了暴雨的成因和产生特大暴雨的天气形势.     

全球、大洲、区域尺度暴雨时空格局变化(1981-2010年)

通过计算1981-2010年全球、大洲和区域的年际和年代际的暴雨雨量和暴雨雨日,系统分析了不同尺度暴雨的变化情况.结果表明:1)在全球尺度上,1981-2010年全球年际和年代际暴雨雨量和暴雨雨日在波动中都呈现增加趋势,尤其是1991-2000年代中期以来显著增加.在空间上,全球暴雨雨量和暴雨雨日增强的区域主要分布在非洲西部、马达加斯加岛、欧洲西南、东亚、南亚、东南亚、澳大利亚东部、美国东部、南美洲中部以及一些狭长陡峭的山脉地带.年代际暴雨雨量和暴雨雨日主要在南美洲、美国东部、东亚和南亚地区随着年代变化而呈现数值上的增长和区域上的扩张.随着年代变化,非洲西部地区呈现数值上的减少和区域上的缩减;2)在大洲尺度上,仅非洲和南极洲年际和年代际暴雨雨量和雨日呈现减少趋势;3)在区域尺度上,暴雨增加的区域多于减少的区域,且增加最大的区域位于亚马逊河流域,减少最大的区域位于非洲东部地区.     

当夏季常见的暴雨、洪水、强雷电来袭时 那些你应该知道的安全知识

正前段时间我省多处出现汛情,特别是在湘西州等地还发生了暴雨、山洪等灾害。炎炎夏日已经到来,由于地理和气候等因素的影响,我省即将进入汛期,面对暴雨、洪水、雷电等灾害,我们应该如何确保安全?预防暴雨灾害的安全知识一、暴雨预警信号是如何分级的?暴雨预警信号分四级,分别以蓝色、黄色、橙色、红色表示。1、暴雨蓝色预警信号标准:12小时内降雨量将达50毫米以上,或者已达50毫米以上且降雨可能持续。     

南盘江流域大、中洪水的天气成因分析研究

本文首先全面地统计分析了南盘江天生桥水电站水情和上游地区降雨资料及其相互关系,指出大、中洪水大多是上游地区暴雨天气造成:然后,普查历史天气图,对暴雨天气过程分型,并进行了暴雨过程的能量场(T_σ、T_(mk))特征和物理量(各层涡度、散度、垂直速度、水汽输送等)诊断分析,揭示了南盘江流域产生暴雨的物理机制和得到一些暴雨预报指标。为国家重点工程天生桥水电站提供气象依据。     

环县、华池县“20120721”暴雨灾害调查分析

调查收集环县、华池县境内2012年7月20-21日雨量站、气象站、水文站各时段降水量和日降水量资料,分析此次暴雨(简称"20120721"暴雨)成因、时空分布,确定暴雨重现期,提出防止暴雨洪水灾害的措施。     

“02.6”梅雨锋暴雨过程中大、中尺度特征分析

本文对2002年6月27日14BT-28日14BT长江流域暴雨过程的大、中尺度特征进行了分析。分析结果揭示:200hPa西部型的南亚高压、500hPa的副热带高压的西伸北进以及700hPa维持的江淮切变线为此次暴雨过程提供了非常有力的大尺度条件;700hPa和850hPa的中尺度低涡是造成此次暴雨的中尺度系统;中尺度低涡的南压和东移以及低空急流的不断加强为此次暴雨过程提供了有力的动力学条件和水汽条件。     

2012年8月河南一次暴雨、大暴雨天气过程分析

利用NCEP／NcAR再分析资料、常规观测资料及新一代雷达资料,对2012年8月4—5日河南出现的一次暴雨、大暴雨天气过程进行分析,结果表明,欧亚中高纬两槽一脊的形势、副热带高压的东西带状分布和强大维持、中低纬度双台风的同时存在,为本次暴雨过程提供了有利的环流条件;700hPa等压面上低槽、地面干线和辐合线的长期维持、边界层地形抬升作用、高能区的长时间存在为暴雨的发生和维持提供了不稳定层结、辐合抬升和触发条件;受副热带高压的阻挡,台风‘达维’北上移速缓慢,台风北侧偏东气流与副热带高压南侧偏东气流合并加强及长期维持,为该次暴雨、大暴雨天气提供了充足的水汽条件;边界层的地形作用和600hPa等压面附近的强烈辐合是造成林州1h雨量达到76．5mm的主要原因．     

宁海凫溪流域“9216”、“9219”台风暴雨洪水比较分析

通过比较分析两次台风对宁海凫溪流域所造成的暴雨洪水影响,找出山溪性河流洪水受流域内暴雨影响特点,为该流域的防汛提供可靠的科学依据.     

辽南老帽山区八一、七洪水剝蝕和堆积地貌讨论

一九八一年七月廿六日至廿八日三天内,辽南大部分地区降大雨或暴雨,尤其是老帽山区普降特大暴雨,暴雨中心地区的最大降水量达644毫米。在老帽山周围(包括其北的华尖子山,魏家岭和绵羊顶子山等)形成特大洪水(下称81.7洪水)并造成巨大灾害。     

暴雨、地震作用下堰沟隧道洞口边坡稳定性分析

堰沟隧道麻柳湾端洞口边坡地处岩堆体地段,地质条件复杂,岩堆的存在严重弱化了边坡的稳定性。文章通过数值模拟计算分析了堰沟隧道麻柳湾端洞口边坡在自然状态、暴雨及地震状态下的稳定性,研究了锚杆抗滑桩加固作用下的加固效应。研究结果表明:暴雨、地震对洞口边坡的影响很大,地震的影响尤甚,在没有加固措施的情况下,洞口边坡的稳定性很差;通过增加锚杆抗滑桩加固后,锚杆轴力在暴雨、地震状态下急剧增加,加固效果显著。计算结果对堰沟隧道的设计和施工具有指导作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that