Ultradian and other rhythms in human respiration rate

Summary Twelve male subjects had their respiration rate (RR) measured at 3 min intervals for 6 h. Although there were substantial individual differences, most subjects demonstrated a 90±15 min rhythm of RR, with several subjects also showing 60±10 min and 30±3 min rhythms.     

Synthesis in vitro of immunoglobulins produced by different human mucous membranes

Riassunto Gli autori hanno dimostrato che alcune mucose della specie umana (mucosa congiuntivale, gengivale, nasale, vaginale e rettale) a contatto con l'ambiente esterno, sono in grado in vitro di sintetizzare le immunoglobuline (IgG, IgA, IgM) in diversa proporzione. La formazione di queste immunoglobuline può rivestire il significato di un meccanismo di difesa locale di tipo immunitario.     

Inhibition of nuclear and mitochondrial respiration by arsenite

Résumé La respiration des noyaux isolés du thymus de rat est inhibée par l'arsénite à une concentration 10 fois supérieure à celle qui inhibe la respiration mitochondriale. Ce fait suggère, une difficulté de pénétration à travers la membrane nucleaire et ne rend pas compte de la différence entre le méchanisme de la phosphorylation oxydative des noyaux et celle des mitochondria.     

Stimulation by D-glucose of mitochondrial respiration

Summary D-glucose increases O₂ uptake by cerebellum mitochondria. This effect is abolished by D-glucose-6-phosphate and D-mannoheptulose. It is proposed that the phosphorylation of D-glucose as catalyzed by bound hexokinase directly affects mitochondrial respiration.     

Stimulation by D-glucose of mitochondrial respiration

D-glucose increases O2 uptake by cerebellum mitochondria. This effect is abolished by D-glucose-6-phosphate and D-mannoheptulose. It is proposed that the phosphorylation of D-glucose as catalyzed by bound hexokinase directly affects mitochondrial respiration.     

Esterases in the hearts,lungs and livers of human foetuses before mid-term

Zusammenfassung Verschiedene Fraktionen von Esterasen in embryonalem Gewebe und enzymatische Reifungsprozesse während der Ontogenese werden beschrieben.

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I wish to thank ProfessorG. A. G. Mitchell, Dr. S. R. Choudhury andMr. A. M. Lundy for their help and advice.     

Depth perception by means of ambient sounds in a small mammal

Summary Golden hamsters placed on a jumping stand from which they can descend onto a shallow or deep landing platform prefer to descend on to the shallow platform, even when tested under IR-light without tactile cues. This preference disappears for subjects with plugged ears. The simultaneous recording of the animal's behaviour and possible emission of ultrasound as well as experiments in which the external acoustical conditions or the sound-reflecting properties of the jumping apparatus were altered suggest that the animals use certain parameters of the ambient sound field for depth perception. Acknowledgments. This research was supported by the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique, grant No. 3.349.74.     

Comparative analysis of human milk and human blood plasma by means of diffusion-in-gel methods

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe von Immunoelektrophorese und Doppeldiffusiontechnik wurden in Humanmilch an Blutplasmaproteinen serologisch identifiziert: Praealbumin, Albumin, Acid Seromucoid, ₁-Glykoprotein (3·5 S), Coeruloplasmin, Haptoglobin, ₂- oder-Lipoprotein, Transferrin, Fibrinogen, _2A-Globulin, _2M-Globulin und-Globulin.     

Activity of soluble factors produced by Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B lymphocytes on different cell lines

Summary Self-stimulatory growth factors, produced by a human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoblastoid B cell line, named BA-D10-4, have been tested for the capacity to induce DNA synthesis in various human and animal cell lines, including lymphoid, either EBV-positive or EBV-negative, and non-lymphoid cell lines. It has been found that BA-D10-4 cells produce growth factors which seem to be essential for their sustained proliferation in vitro, and which increase DNA synthesis in different primate lymphoid cells, independently of the presence of the EBV genome and of the lymphocyte lineage.     

Growth-controlling factors produced during the logarithmic and stationary phases ofTetrahymena pyriformis

Summary Tetrahymena pyriformis grown to logarithmic phase and then inoculated into either fresh or conditioned medium exhibited a shorter lag phase than ciliates taken from stationary phase cultures. The growth inhibiting substance(s), which is probably produced by the growing ciliates, is thermostable and can be adsorbed to activated charcoal.     

Activity of soluble factors produced by Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B lymphocytes on different cell lines.

Self-stimulatory growth factors, produced by a human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoblastoid B cell line, named BA-D10-4, have been tested for the capacity to induce DNA synthesis in various human and animal cell lines, including lymphoid, either EBV-positive or EBV-negative, and non-lymphoid cell lines. It has been found that BA-D10-4 cells produce growth factors which seem to be essential for their sustained proliferation in vitro, and which increase DNA synthesis in different primate lymphoid cells, independently of the presence of the EBV genome and of the lymphocyte lineage.     

Enhancement of virus growth produced by thiols and disulphides

Summary Several thiols and disulphides have been found able both to shorten the latency phase and to increase the growth of several virus strains in cell cultures.This work has been supported by a grant of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma (Italy).     

Stimulation of the respiration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes by antileucocyte antibodies

Riassunto Gli anticorpi antileucociti provocano una marcata stimolazione della respirazione, rotenone, Antimicina A e cianuro insensibile, ed una aumentata attività del ciclo degli esosomonofosfati nei leucociti di cavia.     

Regulation of mycorrhizal infection by hormonal factors produced by hosts and fungi

Summary An overview of current research on hormonal factors produced by plants and fungi in mycorrhizal associations is presented. On the one hand, growth hormones in roots and their exudates influence the metabolism and growth of fungi. On the other, fungal hormones influence root morphology, metabolic changes and the growth of the entire plant.