新疆春小麦光合生理特性及产量形成规律研究

通过田间试验研究适于新疆北部种植的不同品质类型的春小麦品种花后旗叶光合特性,探讨不同品质类型春小麦品种产量形成特点,以期为新疆专用优质小麦栽培以及品质生态区域的划分提供一定的理论基础。采用单因子随机区组设计,设8个品种处理,进行田间小区试验。从开花至成熟,三种品质类型春小麦叶面积指数由大到小依次为中筋强筋中强筋,虽然中强筋品种花后叶面积指数最低,但在灌浆后期光合速率、蒸腾速率以及气孔导度均大于中筋和强筋品种,并且从衰减速率上看,中强筋品种叶片衰老速度最慢,从而使其获得高产。中强筋品种穗粒数、千粒重和产量均大于强筋和中筋品种,而穗数却为最低。通过灰色关联度分析,产量构成因素与产量的关联序为穗粒数(r=0.3 190)千粒重(r=0.3 156)穗数(r=0.3 037)。中强筋品种在灌浆后期保持较高的光合速率,叶面积持续期较长,最终获得最高产量。此外,本试验得出增加穗粒数和千粒重可以有效地促进产量的提高。     

非洲菊无土周年高效栽培技术研究

通过统计分析非洲菊无土栽培、有土栽培对比试验,根际温度对比试验,栽培密度、品种正交试验,光质、品种、叶面积系数正交试验等的多项周年观测数据,研究了非洲菊切花生产的几个主要技术环节,初步总结了非洲菊无土高效周年栽培技术,结果如下：（１）无土栽培有效地克服了土壤病害,一年试验期间植株保存率比有土栽培提高３４７５％,在非洲菊栽培中值得推广;（２）冬季不加温无土栽培与有土栽培相比,无土栽培促进了作物苗期根系生长,使作物始花期提前,较大地提高了作物切花产量,但对切花质量无显著影响。无土栽培增加根量１９８９％,始花期提前６４ｄ,切花产量提高４８９５％。但无土栽培对切花质量无正向影响,对梗径甚至出现逆向影响,比有土栽培降低６７８％;（３）在冬季非洲菊无土栽培中,根际温度为２０℃时显著地促进作物生长与产花。与不加温无土栽培相比,根系体积与叶面积分别增大了３００％、２０１％,作物全重增加了１６２％,提高产量７１３４％,花梗长增长１９１４％,梗径与花全重增大了８５％、２３７２％;与有土栽培相比,根系体积与叶面积增大２３２％、１８５％,作物全重增加１１５％,产量提高了９８８％,花梗长增长２１２１％,梗径与花全     

N0502016 切花非洲菊日光温室栽培技术

该项成果旨在将在南方适宜种植的非洲菊引进北方日光温室种植，探索切花非洲菊日光温室栽培技术。从国内外引进的52个切花非洲菊品种，分别在玻璃温室、加热温室及不加热温室等不同类型的温室内种植，结果表明：切花非洲菊具有较高的耐寒性，生长周期长，产值较高，非常适合农村日光温室种植。通过对日光温室内的环境控制、栽培形式、灌溉方式、病虫害防治等研究，     

青花菜光合特性研究

对青花菜几个品种的光合特性作了研究，结果表明，在塑料大棚内青花菜光合速率（Pn）日变化呈“单峰”曲线，未发生“午休”现象，气孔阻力（Rs）日变化呈先降后升的趋势，其与Pn的关系呈显著负相关；而蒸腾速率（E）日变化则呈“双峰”曲线，光通量密度PFD与Pn的关系呈二次函数式，并求得里绿的光饱和点为1070．0μmol.m^-2.s^-1，光补偿点为81．0μmol.m^-2.s^-1，另外，随PFD的升高，Rs逐渐降低，而E则增大，水分处理中以60％土壤湿度下光合速率最高，供试8个品种间光合速率有一定差异，但差异不显著。     

高温对观赏海棠生长和光合作用的影响

通过对耐热性不同的3个海棠品种在生长季的生长、光合作用和高温期光合日变化的测定,探讨海棠光合作用对高温的响应机制,分析其光合作用、生长与耐热性之间的关系.结果表明:高温胁迫下,3个海棠品种的Pn下降,生长速率也随之下降,品种间差异显著.耐热性强的品种Pn下降幅度较小且下降时间为高温后期,生长速率降幅较小；耐热性弱的品种Pn下降幅度较大且下降时间为高温早期,生长速率降幅较大.3个海棠品种的Pn日变化曲线均呈“双峰型”,具明显光合“午休”现象.非气孔因素是海棠光合“午休”的主要原因.     

蓖麻杂交种光合特性初步研究

对大田栽培的347×2129、转1645×1987、27×2129、转4号×1987、转1号×2129、转2号×2129六个蓖麻材料光合特性进行了研究．结果表明：几种供试材料都不存在光合午休现象．蓖麻叶片净光合速率Pn与有效辐射强度PAR的日变化均呈单峰曲线．气孔导度从早上8：00就开始下降．材料347×2129、27×2129的净光合速率Pn显著高于其他6个品种．     

莜麦叶面积系数和光合势的研究

本文研究了作者培育的青海莜表一号（简称青莜一号，下同）叶片的生长特征、叶面积系数和光合势，得出该品种在本省川水地区较高水肥条件下不同生育期叶面积系数和光合势的值，并讨论了达到一定光合势的主要栽培措施，为我省莜麦丰产提供了理论依据和生产措施。     

4个大麦品种旗叶光合特性与农艺性状关系的研究

为研究不同大麦品种光合特性与产量之间的关系,选用4个产量差异显著的春性大麦品种在灌浆期测定了旗叶光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率,分析了旗叶光合特性和农艺性状之间的关系。结果表明：光合速率与主要农业性状间不存在显著的正相关联系,甚至光合速率与产量性状呈显著负相关。因此,选育高光效的春性大麦品种只用光合速率作为选择指标是不够全面的。     

水稻抽穗后源质量与产量关系的研究

以中粳稻武育粳3号和杂交中籼稻汕优63为材料, 采用不同密肥等栽培措施, 形成成穗率不同的群体, 研究水稻抽穗后源质量与产量关系.水稻高产群体, 抽穗期LAI适宜, 有效叶面积率高, 高效叶面积率为75%～80%, 灌浆期光合势在2.1×106m2·d-1以上,势粒比(光合势与总颖花量的比值)在47cm2·d-1·粒-1以上.势粒比能反映抽穗后群体源库发展动态优劣,是经济产量形成期源库质量的较好表述.在抽穗期适宜叶面积基础上,降低抽穗后叶面积下降速率,提高势粒比是进一步提高产量的有效途径.     

关于光合速率与作物产量关系的讨论(综述)

围绕作物产量与光合速率存在正相关、负相关和无相关等多种矛盾结果的现象，从作物产量形成的层次关系和品种演替、产量水平、生育时期及测试与分析方法等多角度分析了两者间的关系。阐明了光合速率与作物产量本质上存在着正相关关系，可以通过增加叶片光合速率的育种或栽培途径实现进一步的高产。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with