柴油机喷油参数的优化

在已有柴油机数学模型的基础上,动用数学优化的方法,建立了以柴油机的油耗为目标函数和以柴油机的功率、最高压力升高第、最高爆发压务为约束条件的约束非线性优化模型;运用ＳＵＭＴ法和Ｐｏｗｅｌｌ方法求解该优化模型并用Ｃ语言编程实现了该模型的求解;从优化结果图可看出优化的柴油机喷油参数的变化基本上符合柴油机的一般规律。     

大型船舶柴油机性能模拟及优化计算

在Matlab仿真环境下建立了某大型低速二冲程船用柴油机的零维模型,并利用柴油机推进特性的实验数据验证了模型的准确性.基于仿真模型,分析了不同压缩比和燃烧始点对柴油机标定工况下主要性能参数的影响.利用Isight-Matlab联合仿真优化平台,以柴油机油耗为优化目标,以最高爆发压力、最高爆发压力与压缩压力之差、最高燃烧温度和排气温度低于限制值为约束条件,对标定工况下柴油机的压缩比和燃烧始点进行联合寻优.仿真计算结果表明,标定工况下柴油机的经济性和动力性均有一定改善.     

柴油机性能的模糊控制研究

以涡轮增压柴油机电子控制和性能优化为例,讨论了模糊控制和模糊规划在内燃机工程中的应用.在最高爆发压力限制条件下,探讨了模糊规划的求解方法和柴油机性能闭环控制中模糊控制器的设计方法与实机试验结果.     

4190型船用中速柴油机配气相位优化仿真

以4190型船用中速柴油机为研究对象,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件建立柴油机工作过程仿真模型,通过仿真结果与实验数据的对比,验证模型的正确性。将该模型的配气相位偏移量进行由负到正的变化,得出其对柴油机功率、扭矩、燃油消耗率、缸内最高温度、最高爆发压力、NOx排放、排气温度、充气效率的影响规律。仿真结果确定了4190型柴油机最佳配气相位值:进气提前角66℃A;进气滞后角54℃A;排气提前角58℃A;排气滞后角56℃A。为4190型柴油机的性能优化改造提供了理论依据。     

喷油压力对电控船用中速柴油机性能的影响

为了研究船用4190型柴油机电控化改造后,喷油压力对柴油机性能的影响,利用AMESim软件,建立电控燃油喷射系统仿真模型,通过正交试验设计方法安排燃油系统参数仿真计算,以实现燃油喷射特性的优化;同时基于AMESim与AVL_FIRE软件耦合,将优化结果导入柴油机缸内燃烧模型,进行仿真计算,以完成不同喷油压力对柴油机性能影响的综合分析。结果表明,当参数组合为:喷孔直径0. 22 mm、凸轮型线速度0. 46 mm/(°)、柱塞直径14 mm、高压油管长度1000 mm时,喷油压力为125 MPa;当参数组合为:喷孔直径0. 26 mm、凸轮型线速度0. 43 mm/(°)、柱塞直径14 mm、高压油管长度800 mm时,喷油压力为105 MPa。喷油压力提高,改善了柴油机燃烧质量,使得油耗率较原机降低约14. 3%与7. 2%,但NO_x排放质量分数分别升高约50%和11%,因此,需要兼顾柴油机的经济性与动力性进一步优化排放。     

基于多学科设计优化的共轨管设计优化

基于多学科设计优化方法,以某型高压共轨柴油机匹配的共轨管容积最佳、压力波动最小、质量最小和进油口位置最佳为目标函数建立共轨管多学科设计优化体系,并在充分考虑各学科间耦合作用的基础上,采用模拟退火算法对多学科设计优化模型进行优化求解。研究结果表明:共轨管的容积由原设计值21.991 cm3减少到21.756 cm3,减小了1.07%;总质量由1.250 kg减少到1.165 kg,减小了6.8%;压力波动幅度由6 MPa降低至5 MPa,降幅为16.7%;优化后共轨管的整体性能得到提高,能够满足高压共轨燃油喷射系统的要求。     

基于约束优化方法的水力压裂起裂压力计算模型

以最优化理论为基础,提出了一种水力压裂起裂压力计算模型,将起裂压力求解转化为非线性约束条件下目标函数极小值求解问题,解决了常规起裂压力计算模型中以井筒压力增量为迭代步长时存在计算精度低且收敛速度慢等不足。以此模型为基础,分别建立了裸眼及射孔完井方式下起裂压力约束优化方程,设计了外点罚函数求解该模型的计算流程,并通过实际数据进行了验证。结果表明:本文提出的优化计算模型比常规计算模型精度更高,且收敛速度快。     

基于NSGAⅡ的生产线缓存与设备布局协同优化

为解决因布局过程忽略或粗略设置缓冲区占地面积而造成的生产拥挤或空间浪费问题,针对缓存配置与设备布局问题展开协同优化.基于连续时间Markov随机过程原理建立排队网节点状态模型,求解生产线设备平均利用率.以设备利用率、物料搬运距离和占地面积为优化目标,建立缓存配置与设备布局协同优化模型.通过改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法对该模型进行优化.最终,通过某柴油机缸体生产线实例验证了本文提出方法的有效性.     

一种多目标运输问题的优化模型

文章建立了以总运费最小为第1化目标,以供应点和需求点之间的最大单程费用最小为第2标的多目标优化模型,并给出了优化模型非支配解集的求解方法,从而可以为决策者提供多种运输调度的优化方案;通过实际应用表明,该优化模型和求解方法具有很大的实用性和灵活性。     

基于半导体制冷的动力锂电池包散热优化

为提升动力锂电池包的散热性能和能量密度,基于半导体制冷方案,提出一种多目标优化设计方法,对动力锂电池包的排布间距和半导体制冷量进行优化设计。基于建立的半导体制冷方案的热分析模型,采用拉丁超立方试验及径向基函数(radial basis function, RBF)、响应面法(response surface methodology, RSM)、Kriging代理模型方法建立最高温度、最大温差及间距体积的近似模型。以最大温差和间距体积为目标,最高温度为约束建立电池包散热优化模型,运用多目标遗传算法(multi-objective genetic algorithm, MOGA)进行寻优求解,并通过实验验证优化方案仿真结果的可靠性。优化后仿真结果表明：电池模组间距体积减小了32.42%,最大温差降低了13.64%,最高温度降低了0.53%,该方法显著地提升了电池包的散热性能和能量密度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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