E.L.多克托罗小说《上帝之城》中的大屠杀后意识

E.L.多克托罗小说《上帝之城》融入大屠杀意识,并直接描写大屠杀,从而表现出深刻的大屠杀后意识。犹太女拉比莎拉之父乃大屠杀幸存者,其断续的大屠杀叙述再现了犹太人的大屠杀记忆;犹太人在格托中的生存及其对纳粹的反抗,表现了犹太人做人的形象和尊严,亦反应了犹太人的英雄主义精神;而战后对纳粹战犯的追捕则表明犹太人向往公正和正义之决心和理想。多克托罗不仅建构了二战期间犹太民族的历史和文化,而且还揭示了大屠杀后犹太人所处的历史和文化困境。     

希伯来语的现代化进程

希伯来语是犹太人的母语,讲希伯来语,在犹太人的心目中是神圣的事。犹太人说,他们的祖先曾长期生活在“以色列地”(犹太人对今巴勒斯坦的称呼),3000多年前,他们就在那里使用希伯来语了。犹太历史上的重要事件都是用希伯来语记录下来的,特别是古代的先知们是通过希伯来语接受上帝的启示并把它传达给犹太人和全人类。犹太人的圣经——《塔纳赫》(基督教经典《旧约全书》的蓝本)是用希伯来语写成的。犹太人奉《塔纳赫》     

以色列:宗教政治化

烛台,犹太民族的象征,体现一种百折不挠、生生不息的民族精神,因为它的底座是“以色列的磐石”;烛台,不熄的灯,陪伴着犹太人度过漫漫长夜,那来自远古耶路撒冷圣殿的光芒照亮了“流浪犹太人”的生活之路;烛台,历史的见证,目睹了犹太民族的沉沦与崛起,无情岁月磨砺出它纯朴的本色。“烛台细语”向读者介绍犹太人的历史和现状,文化传统和生活习俗,折射出一个忍辱负重、奋力拼搏、为人类文明做出杰出贡献的民族;“烛台细语”有感而发,星星点点,拼凑成一幅犹太的全景画卷;“烛台细语”近期将刊出:《一个犹太人的“经典形象”——夏洛克》、《犹太人的杰作——基布兹》、《虚幻家园——比罗比詹之梦》、《爱读书的犹太人》。     

"西方犹太人"斯·茨威格

犹太民族是一个苦难的民族,在漫长的流浪生涯中,他们逐渐融于周围其他民族中.在岁月的流失和时代的变迁过程中,欧洲的犹太人渐渐显出了差别,形成了所谓的"东方犹太人"和"西方犹太人".茨威格就是属于典型的西方犹太人.在他的幼年和青年时代,没有其他犹太人所经历过的坎坷和磨难,也没有犹太文化和宗教的限制.但晚年的不幸遭遇,则将犹太人意识作为一个不能溶化的因子慢慢地嵌入了他的灵魂,这对他晚年的生活、思想、创作都产生了深刻的影响.我们研究他的思想及创作,就必须注意犹太意识对他的影响.     

一本书感动了犹太民族和世界

<正>不久前,大型画册《犹太人在中国》2015年版发布暨公共外交研讨会在上海犹太难民纪念馆举行。1995年,上海社科院潘光教授主编的大型画册《犹太人在上海》出版。随后,时任国务院新闻办公室主任赵启正鼓励和支持潘光教授及其团队进一步编撰《犹太人在中国》画册。2001年大型画册《犹太人在中国》出版,补充了犹太人在开封、哈尔滨、天津、香港等城市的相关资料。其后多次再版,并被译成多种外文。我国领导人、相关部委和省市领导人、驻外使领馆均将这本画册作为与犹太朋友交往时     

犹太传统的回归与坚守——从《美国牧歌》看罗斯对美国犹太民族走向的思考

菲利普·罗斯的《美国牧歌》描述了一个普通的美国犹太家庭塞莫尔·利沃夫家族几代人在美国的生活状况,以小见大地折射了二十世纪犹太人与美国主流文化融合过程中的种种矛盾和艰辛.通过刻画美国身份失效后经受精神磨难和心灵割礼的“瑞典佬”,罗斯表达了重获犹太身份,回归犹太传统的内心欲求和希冀以及对犹太民族命运及走向的关切.     

二十世纪荒诞文学的犹太动因

犹太文化资源是西方20世纪荒诞文学发生的一个重要动因。自我本体的变异既是荒诞文学致力表现的基本主题，更是犹太人具有恒定性的民族体验，而犹太观念与经验的分裂所造成的“犹太玩笑”，无疑成为犹太裔作家生发和膨胀荒诞意识的文化酵母。西方世界的犹太人作为外来异体生存在隔绝式的对立关系中，这从文化深层表述了西方人类无以沟通的窘境。犹太民族的文化难题与20世纪西方世界的普遍困境相契合，犹太裔作家在对民族文化资源的形而上运用中，相当深刻地反映了世界的一般问题。     

“中国犹太人”的故事

由上海犹太研究中心潘光、王健两位学者推出的《犹太人与中国：近代以来两个古老文明的交往和友谊》一书，首次全面、系统地研究了近代以来犹太人与中国关系的发展和演变。     

神奇独特的犹太文化

以色列是一个移民国家,自犹太复国主义运动兴起以来,一批一批的犹太人从世界各地拥来。以色列至今奉行鼓励移民的政策,凡能够证明自己有犹太血统的人到以色列定居,都受到欢迎。多元文化的相互交融这些移民有来自前苏联、东欧和欧美的阿什肯纳吉犹太人,也有来自西亚北非地区的也门犹太人和塞法迪犹太人,以及来自埃塞俄比亚的黑种犹太人。这些移民有自己的方言和原居地的习俗,社会、经济和文化背景亦有很大差异。他们的宗教理念又分正统派、保守派和革新派。更有甚者,经过三次大流散,许多犹太移民几乎丧失了犹太人的民族属性。他们不会讲希伯来语,对犹太民族的历史、文化、宗教知之     

开封犹太人的兴衰及原因

开封犹太人于北宋时期定居开封,以经商为主,其宗教文化较独立。明清时是开封犹太人发展的鼎盛阶段,在这一时期,开封犹太人生存和发展的重心转向官商并重,且更侧重于习儒入仕。犹太会堂是传承犹太民族信仰的重要媒介,它的屡次修葺和最终坍塌是开封犹太人衰落的一个缩影。导致他们兴衰的根本原因应从犹太人自身思维方式的来源即犹太教义中的一神思想上来考察。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that