PTS预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护效果及机制研究

目的探讨人参三醇皂苷(PTS)预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)的保护作用机制。方法选用Wistar大鼠作为研究对象,随机分组:假手术组(生理盐水2 m L/kg体质量)、模型组(生理盐水2 m L/kg体质量)、PTS低剂量组(25 mg/kg)、PTS中剂量组(45 mg/kg)、PTS高剂量组(90 mg/kg)、阳性药组(生脉注射液450 mg/kg)。连续7 d腹腔注射给药,于末次给药1 h后进行MIRI造模手术,再灌注24 h后取材料测定各项指标。监测大鼠心电图ST段变化;检测血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;采用PCR检测心肌组织Bcl-2和Bax mRNA表达水平;光镜和电镜观察心肌组织病理和心肌细胞超微结构的改变。结果与模型组比较,PTS中剂量组和高剂量组能显著降低MIRI模型大鼠ST段和血清CK-MB、IL-6、TNF-α水平,改善心肌结构的损伤程度,增加抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达,抑制前凋亡蛋白Bax的表达。结论 PTS对MIRI大鼠心肌具有保护作用,其作用机制可能是通过抑制炎症因子表达和调节凋亡关键酶来实现。     

一种降低OFDM系统峰均功率比的PTS改进方法

本文对部分传输序列降低OFDM系统高的峰均功率比的方法进行了改进,该方法是在PTS系统中将原始信号分割成若干个子块之后,在每个子块进行快速傅里叶逆变换之前对每个子块都乘以一个预编码矩阵,该预编码矩阵由离散哈特莱变换矩阵构成.理论分析和仿真结果表明改进PTS方法比现有PTS方法有明显效果,达到了进一步降低峰均功率比的目的.     

底泥中持久性有毒物质研究现状与展望

将持久性有毒物质(PTS)分为持久性有机污染物(POPs)和重金属两类.分别慨述了这两类PTS在底泥中的来源与进入的方式;指出它们具有长期残留性、生物累积性、半挥发性和高毒性特征.重点分析了PTS在生态系统中的循环,对生物的生殖及器官的危害;介绍了监测POPs的4种化学仪器分析方法与生物分析方法,监测重金属的化学与生物...     

用双层PTS算法降低OFDM峰均功率比

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中峰均功率比(PAPR)高的问题,提出了一种双层PTS算法来降低PAPR.该算法通过把子载波的数据分成2层,每层都分别使用了次优PTS算法来对该层的PAPR进行优化,从而降低整个OFDM系统的PAPR.仿真结果表明,双层PTS算法大大降低系统的复杂性,同时使PAPR得到了更好地抑制.     

降低复杂度的PTS方法及其在IEEE 802.16a OFDM系统中的应用

部分传输序列(PTS)是一种复杂度较高的减小正交频分复用(OFDM)系统峰均功率比(PAPR)的方法。文中介绍了两种降低PTS复杂度的方法,一种是m序列PTS,另一种是迭代移位线性搜索法PTS。并将这两种方法应用到基于IEEE802.16a的OFDM系统中,仿真表明这两种方法都能够降低PTS的复杂度,同时减小系统的PAPR。     

Efficient transformation and expression of gfp gene in the edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis

An efficient transformation method mediated by PEG-protoplasts was developed for the newly commercial edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis. Two plasmids were used to co-transform protoplasts of P. nebrodensis. One plasmid is pAN7-1 containing a positive selectable marker gene hph conferring hygromycin B resistance. Another plasmid is pBlue-GFP containing a reporter gene gfp conferring green fluorescent protein. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that hph gene or/and gfp gene were integrated into the genome of P. nebrodensis transformants. The transformation efficiency of the positive selectable marker gene hph was 3 transformants per microgram of plasmid pAN7-1 DNA, which was about 30 times higher than that previously reported in thoroughly studied Pleurotus species such as Pleurotus ostreatus. The transformation efficiency of the reporter gene gfp was 9 transformants per microgram of plasmid pBlu-GFP DNA. The co-transformation efficiency was 23.68%. This is the first report that a ＂reporter＂ gene, green fluorescent protein gene can be successfully stably exoressed in this Pleurotus species.     

一种低复杂度的PTS优化方法

提出一种新的优化策略,即在迭代处理过程中根据正交频分复用序列峰值点样值的幅度削减效果来选择合适的部分传输序列并确定其相位旋转因子.该PTS方法(部分传输序列法)具有较高的算法收敛速率,因此复杂度非常低.仿真结果显示,与迭代PTS方法相比,在V≥16时,新的PTS方法具有更低的算法复杂度,同时PAPR抑制性能在互补累积分布函数(CCDF)为10-4 时提高超过0.28 dB.     

一种减小OFDM系统中的PTS复杂性的方法

OFDM系统的一个主要缺点是峰均功率比过高。部分传输序列是一种复杂度较高的能够降低OFDM系统的峰均功率比的方法。提出一种用迭代移位线性搜索法确定最优辅助信息的次最优PTS方法,通过基于IEEE802．16a标准的OFDM系统平台的仿真。表明这种方法能够很好地解决系统复杂性和降低峰均功率比的问题。     

Proteomics study of the effects of high pigment-1 on plastid differentiation during the ripening of tomato fruits

The chloroplast-to-chromoplast difference is a highly regulated process. Tomato （Solanum lycopersicum） high-pigment mutant hp-1 shows an enhanced accumula- tion of carotenoids coupled with an increase in the volume and number of plastids. However, how chromoplasts of hp-] acquire their specific metabolic characteristics is still unclear. A comparison of proteome profiles from plastids at the mature green, breaker, and red stages of tomato fruits showed 45 differentially expressed proteins. These identi- fied proteins fell into six different functional categories. Our results showed that most of the proteins related to the Calvin cycle increased transitorily only at the early breaker stage, and remained unchanged at the early red stage. We found 18 proteins that were differentially expressed between the wild type and hp-1. The abundance of GCPE in chromoplasts of hp-1 was higher than that in the wild type. Meanwhile, we found that heat shock proteins were only present specifically in the mature green stage chromoplasts of hp-1 but not in the wild type. This suggested that GCPE and heat shock proteins might play important roles in the accumulation of high carotenoids in hp-1. Overall, our results could be helpful for understanding chloroplast-to-chromoplast differentiation and the function of hp-1.     

使用PTS和限幅联合算法降低OFDM峰均比

提出了一种降低正交频分复用(OFDM)系统峰均比(PAPR)的联合算法:部分传输序列(PTS)和限幅(Clipping)算法.该联合算法先利用PTS算法对OFDM信号进行处理以降低PAPR,所得信号再利用限幅法进行处理,以进一步降低PAPR.只要2种方法对PAPR的降低程度选取得当,就可以在降低PAPR的情况下既减小运算量,又不产生过大的噪声干扰,数据仿真验证了所提方法的有效性.     

O-OFDM系统中基于采样点位置分组优化的PTS算法

针对光正交频分复用(OFDM)系统峰均功率比(PAPR)过高的问题,提出了基于采样点位置分组优化的部分传输序列(SG-PTS)算法.将采样位置按交织分割的方式进行分组,分别对不同位置上的数据单独优化,削弱了不同位置的备选采样点数据使用相同的相位因子序列的限制,有效改善了光正交频分复用系统的峰均功率比性能.仿真结果表明,所提出的算法相比于传统部分传输序列算法,在计算复杂度和误码率性能基本相同的情况下,峰均功率比性能随着采样点位置分组数的增加而改善明显.当子载波数N=256,相位因子数W=2,子块数M=4和M=8,采样点位置分为2组时,峰均功率比性能分别提升0.1dB和0.2dB左右;采样点位置分为4组时,峰均功率比性能可分别改善0.4dB和0.7dB左右.     

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of the phytopathogenic fungus Penicillium digitatum

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation （ATMT） system was assessed for conducting insertional mutagenesis in Penicillium digitatum, a major fungal pathogen infecting post-harvest citrus fruits. A transformation efficiency of up to 60 transformants per 106 conidia was achieved by this system. The integration of the hph gene into the fungal genome was verified by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification and sequencing. These transformants tested were also shown to be mitotically stable. Southern blot analysis of 14 randomly selected transformants showed that the hph gene was randomly integrated as single copy into the fungal genome of P. digitatum. Thus, we conclude that ATMT of P. digitatum could be used as an alternatively practical genetic tool for conducting insertional mutagenesis in P. digitatum to study functional genomics.     

一种减小峰均功率比的PTS算法优化技术研究

研究了多载波通信系统峰均功率比(PAPR)抑制技术之一——部分传输序列(PTS)算法的优化技术.通过在传统多载波系统中加入PAPR门限比较判决模块,实现对多载波系统时域信号中较大PAPR值的抑制.传统PTS算法计算量大,不易实现.提出的比较判决优化技术将减小PTS数据处理的次数,使系统在PAPR抑制过程中的计算量明显减少.通过仿真证明,该优化算法在门限值合理设置时,可以使运算量减小近70%.该优化算法即使在子载波教较大的系统中,对系统的误码率性能有所优化,且不增加系统的带外辐射.     

Efficient transformation and expression of gfp gene in the edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis

An efficient transformation method mediated by PEG-protoplasts was developed for the newly commercial edible mushroom Pleu-rotus nebrodensis. Two plasmids were used to co-transform protoplasts of P. nebrodensis. One plasmid is pAN7-1 containing a positive selectable marker gene hph conferring hygromycin B resistance. Another plasmid is pBIue-GFP containing a reporter gene gfp conferring green fluorescent protein. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that hph gene or/and gfp gene were integrated into the genome of P.nebrodensis transformants. The transformation efficiency of the positive selectable marker gene hph was 3 transformants per microgram of plasmid pAN7-1 DNA, which was about 30 times higher than that previously reported in thoroughly studied Pleurotus species such as Pleurotus ostreatus. The transformation efficiency of the reporter gene gfp was 9 transformants per microgram of plasmid pBlu-GFP DNA. The co-transformation efficiency was 23.68%. This is the first report that a "reporter" gene, green fluorescent protein gene can be successfully stably expressed in this Pleurotus species.     

改进PTS技术和改进阈值限幅法结合的PAPR降低方法

针对阈值限幅法误码率极大和部分传输序列(PTS)技术复杂度高的问题,提出一种改进的基于阈值限幅和PTS技术的正交小波包复用(OWPM)系统高峰均功率比(PAPR)降低方法.仿真结果表明:改进后的算法性能得到提升,且经阈值限幅法和PTS技术联合处理后,能够在尽量不影响原系统误码率性能的前提下,更好地降低系统PAPR值,同时也降低了系统计算复杂度.     

The yellow sea green tides were dominated by one species, Ulva (Enteromorpha) prolifera, from 2007 to 2011

Green tides have occurred in the Yellow Sea successively from 2007 to 2011. Genetic analysis of the 5-year green-tide-forming algae needs to be performed to determine the source of the biomass and understand the mechanism of the green tide blooms. In this study, free-floating green algae were collected at different sites in the Yellow Sea in 2010 and 2011. Data on 182 free-floating samples and 155 attached Ulva samples from previous studies on the Yellow Sea green tides from 2007 to 2009 were also taken into consideration. Morphology observation and molecular phylogenetic analyses indicated that the Yellow Sea green tides were dominated by a single species, Ulva prolifera, from 2007 to 2011. Considering that at least five Ulva species inhabit the north coast of China, the unialgal composition of the green tides implied that (1) there may be some special physiology and propagation pathways of U. prolifera for its rapid expansion, (2) the mechanisms of the Yellow Sea green tide formation were similar for the last five years, and (3) the intra-species genetic variation and population structure of U. prolifera need to be studied to determine the exact origin of the bloom-forming biomass.     

A comprehensive analysis of protein-protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Two large-scale yeast two-hybrid screens were undertaken to identify protein-protein interactions between full-length open reading frames predicted from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequence. In one approach, we constructed a protein array of about 6,000 yeast transformants, with each transformant expressing one of the open reading frames as a fusion to an activation domain. This array was screened by a simple and automated procedure for 192 yeast proteins, with positive responses identified by their positions in the array. In a second approach, we pooled cells expressing one of about 6,000 activation domain fusions to generate a library. We used a high-throughput screening procedure to screen nearly all of the 6,000 predicted yeast proteins, expressed as Gal4 DNA-binding domain fusion proteins, against the library, and characterized positives by sequence analysis. These approaches resulted in the detection of 957 putative interactions involving 1,004 S. cerevisiae proteins. These data reveal interactions that place functionally unclassified proteins in a biological context, interactions between proteins involved in the same biological function, and interactions that link biological functions together into larger cellular processes. The results of these screens are shown here.     

铒掺杂二氧化钛纳米制备及上转换性能研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺Er3+的TiO2上转换发光纳米粉,通过XRD、SEM、上转换荧光发光谱等测试,对不同物质的量百分比Er3+掺杂和热处理温度的TiO2纳米粉进行了上转换性能研究,并对其发光机理进行了分析.结果表明,适量Er3+物质的量百分比及适当热处理温度有利于增强TiO2纳米粉的上转换发光性能.Er3+:TiO2粉体在980 nm激发下在539～567 nm范围获得绿光、在669 nm处获得红光.随着Er3+的物质的量百分比增加,绿光增强,红光减弱(小于1%);物质的量百分比继续增加,绿、红光均弱.随着焙烧温度的升高,绿光增强,红光减弱.当Er3+掺杂物质的量百分比为1%;焙烧温度为800℃时,获得的绿光强度较高、色彩单一.     

一种低复杂度的OFDM系统峰均比降低算法

针对高峰均比信号是正交频分复用(OFDM)技术实用化的主要障碍问题,提出了一种基于改进模拟退火优化的部分传输序列(IMSA-PTS)算法.该算法采用改进模拟退火优化搜索最优相位因子,避免了相位因子搜索陷入局部极小值,而且在不改变退火过程的条件下,可以得到历经搜索过程中所有状态的最小峰均比信号.同时,通过设定门限值,提高了收敛速度,显著降低了算法的计算复杂度.仿真结果证明,所提算法在保持良好峰均比降低性能的同时,有效地降低了计算的复杂度.