Gupta团簇的2次融化过程及其与结构变化的关系

利用微正则经典分子动力学方法,对具有Gupta势的13粒子团簇的融化过程进行了研究.发现在Gupta势的势参量p和q取值合适的情况下,13粒子团簇的融化过程具有2步融化现象.进一步利用原子等价系数σi(t)的研究还发现,团簇的第1步融化仅涉及表面粒子的异构化过程,而第2步融化中的异构化过程则涉及团簇中所有粒子.     

Au19团簇热力学特性的微观分析

利用经典微正则系综分子动力学,采用Gupta原子间作用势,对非晶结构的19个金原子团簇的热力学特性进行了研究.通过计算团簇内原子时间平均势能的特性以及对团簇瞬时结构的分析发现,团簇的融化过程较对称团簇具有一些新的特征,团簇的融化过程可以分为多个过程.第1阶段的融化涉及团簇表面多个原子(14个原子),其余(4个)原子则处于准固态;第2阶段涉及表面全部原子,但此时有2个位置原子逗留时间较长;第3阶段表面的原子全部开始了快速的换位;第4阶段产生了包括团簇内部原子在内的结构异构化过程.由此,导致了团簇的卡路里曲线、相对均方根键长涨落和热容量的一些新的变化.     

小Al-Ni合金团簇的结构

本文连用了基于紧束鳟模型的Gupta多体势,采用遗传算法研究了团簇的原子数目为13和19以及21的Al-Ni混合团簇的基态构形.将Al团簇中的一个或多个Al原子替其成Ni原子,Aln团簇的基态构形转化为象Ni团簇一样规则的,具有高对称性的结构.当替换的Ni原子数目增加时,混合团簇会形成一些复杂结构.     

小金团簇的基态结构和能量

应用遗传算法和Gupta势对小金团簇的结构进行了优化计算，分析讨论了基态结构和能量随团簇尺寸的变化规律，发展Au13为二十面体以及Ann在n≥16时呈现非晶无序结构的特征。     

钛团簇的融化行为

采用经验分子动力学方法研究了几个典型Ti团簇的热力学稳定性和融化行为.Ti团簇的融化行为清楚地依赖于体系的结构和尺寸.对于较小的团簇,融化曲线没有出现清楚的一级相变特征,意味着由于尺寸效应导致的固态液态共存.对于较大尺寸的团簇,观察到其融化过程伴随着表面融化、局部融化、结构共存和相变行为.     

非晶金团簇单个原子运动特性的简要分析

通过计算团簇内原子时间平均势能的特性以及对团簇瞬时结构的分析,发现团簇的融化过程较对称团簇而言具有一些新的特征,团簇的融化过程可以分为多个过程。第1阶段的融化涉及团簇表面多个原子（14个原子）,其余4个原子则处于准固态;第2阶段涉及表面全部原子,但此时有2个位置上原子逗留时间较长;第3阶段表面的原子全部开始了快速的换位;最后一个阶段中,产生了包括团簇内部原子在内的结构异构化过程。     

C60-C70混合团簇的基态结构及其融化行为

采用Girifalco势和遗传算法优化计算了(C60)13-n(C70)n(n=0～13)混合团簇的基态结构，结果表明，它们都是二十面体；应用标准的蒙特卡罗方法对(C60)2(C70)11混合团簇的融化行为进行了研究，结果显示，当T=801K时，团簇开始融化，经过一较长的温度区间才达到完全融化．     

小AI-Ni合金团簇的结构

本文选用了基于紧束缚模型的Gupta多体势，采用遗传算法研究了团簇的原子数目为13和19以及21的Al—Ni混合团基的基态构形。将Al团簇中的一个或多个Al原子替换成Ni原子，Aln团簇的基态构形转化为象Ni团蔟一样规则的，具有高对称性的结构。当替换的Ni原子数目增加时，混合团簇会形成一些复杂结构。     

射频放电尘埃等离子体系统中的斑图现象

在射频放电的尘埃等离子体系统中观察到各种尘埃斑图. 按照尘埃由小到大的生长过程, 将斑图分为两个阶段: 小颗粒阶段(或尘埃云阶段)和大颗粒阶段(或尘埃晶体阶段). 具体研究了气压变化时, 不同斑图之间的演化关系. 小颗粒阶段主要介绍空洞、尘埃声波和强湍流模式. 大颗粒阶段研究了粒子自组织形成的尘埃晶格和尘埃团簇. 通过计算径向分布函数来表征尘埃晶格的静态结构. 还研究了在二维平面上不同粒子数目形成的尘埃团簇, 以及气压变化时尘埃团簇有规律的演化过程. 利用二维径向约束势下的分子动力学模拟验证了二维尘埃团簇的壳层排布规律.     

多体互作用对13-原子团簇相变特性的影响

采用M.I.Baskes的Lennard-Jones Embedded-Atom(LJ-EMA)势作为原子之间的互作用,结合常能分子动力学模拟,计算了13-原子团簇的热曲线、方均根键长起伏、比热、动能的短时平均、位移平方的平均、其它12个原子相对于中心原子的角分布函数,着重地计算了相变区域的情形,对团簇融化-凝固相变特性进行了较为详细的研究,得出多体作用力的大小增加、范围减小导致融化温度(动能)的降低和共存区域范围变小的结论;证实了在一定的总能范围内类固(solidlike)和类液(liquidlike)两类特性团簇的共存;进一步明确了两步过程(表面融化)的成因;观察到在三种较大多体互作用范围势的情况下,出现负比热;进一步揭示了热曲线斜率、方均根键长起伏、比热和动能的短时平均分布之间的关联。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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