一种实时前瞻的自适应NURBS插补算法

在考虑速度稳定性和加工误差精度的基础上,设计了一个非均匀有理B样条曲线(Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline,NURBS)的实时自适应插补系统.开发的插补系统能够在大部分的插补过程中保持进给速度稳定,并且根据曲线的形状,自适应地调整进给速度,通过一个实时的前瞻加减速处理模块,在速度变化敏感区对加减速进行处理,同时满足了机床加减速能力的要求.通过NURBS曲线插补仿真计算的例子,显示了开发的实时自适应插补系统能够满足高速高精度插补的要求,验证了所设计的实时前瞻自适应NURBS插补算法的可行性.     

基于Runge-Kutta的NURBS曲线实时前瞻插补算法

针对传统的NURBS曲线加工过程中插补算法插补参数计算精度低、实时性不高以及加速度过大对机床造成的冲击大的问题,提出了基于Runge-Kutta的NURBS曲线实时前瞻插补算法.该算法采用经典Runge-Kutta方法计算插补参数,基于弓高误差和法向加速度约束条件自动调整进给速度,根据进给步长预期值与实际值的偏差进行参数校正.由粗插补得到的离线数据寻找进给速度极值点,并对曲线进行前瞻分段,找到各前瞻插补区间上的首末速度敏感点.根据敏感速度与插补距离之间的关系重新进行加减速控制,避免速度急剧变化,从而满足机床的加减速性能要求.最后,通过Matlab仿真验证了算法的有效性.     

关于NURBS曲线插补算法的研究与改进

在分析NURBS曲线现有插补算法的基础上,着重研究了三次NURBS曲线实时插补技术。针对部分算法的不完整或效率低,提出了一种简单快捷的插补算法。采用NURBS曲线的矩阵表达式,将整个插补过程分解为插补预处理和实时插补。在插补预处理中完成了大量的计算,预处理的计算结果直接应用于实时插补,使插补算法满足了NURBS曲线插补的实时性要求,再辅以必要的轮廓误差控制,实现了加工速度自适应于加工路径的NURBS曲线直接插补。     

多约束条件的NURBS曲线自适应前瞻插补算法

针对数控系统加工过程中的刀具抖动和机床震荡等问题,提出多约束条件的NURBS曲线自适应前瞻插补算法.在预处理阶段,根据曲率变化对NURBS曲线进行分段,速度规划采用改进正弦三角函数加减速算法,获取连续和平滑的加加速度曲线;综合NURBS曲线弓高误差、最大法向加速度和加加速度以及机床动力学等多约束条件对进给速度进行自适应...     

一种实时前瞻的微线段直接插补算法

结合匀变速DDA精插补算法、变插补周期技术和实时前瞻技术,提出了一种新的微线段直接插补算法.采用两级插补模式,粗插补由速度规划和实时前瞻任务构成,精插补采用匀变速DDA精插补算法.首先通过正、反向速度规划,计算各微线段允许的最大拐角速度;其次,根据前瞻数据量和微线段允许速度实时调整实际拐角速度;最后,调用匀变速DDA精插补算法实现脉冲输出.每个微线段不再由粗插补分割为更小的微线段,而是直接由精插补器来实现插补,故算法简单,精度高.实测结果表明,该算法无理论误差,精度高,加工效率较高.     

空间等半径过渡曲面成形刀纵向加工的算法

根据三次参数样条曲线的矢量表示方法，导出了一种ＣＮＣ系统中样条曲线的实时插补算法．该算法不仅精度高，理论上可使所有插补点都落在曲线上，而且计算量不大，插补速度快．插补轮廓步长由允许弓高误差及编程速度决定．理论分析和实验表明，这种算法能获得加工要求的插补精度，其插补速度能满足ＣＮＣ系统的实时性要求．     

S型速度规划下NURBS曲线双向插补算法

为了避免NURBS曲线单向插补算法中加速度突变过大、减速点定位不准确、低速拖尾补偿等弊端,提出一种S型速度规划下的双向插补算法.基于曲线预插补点自适应速度集合筛选出减速终点;利用正反插补的互逆性简化了S型速度规划计算;详细论述了实时插补流程;在双向插补交叉区域,设计一种基于加速度微小突变的简易迭代方法修正预插补参数.通过MATLAB仿真实验表明该算法计算量小,插补点速度和加速度平稳,插补曲线满足加工误差要求.     

复杂轮廓曲线的样条插补与速度规划方法

针对复杂轮廓曲线数控加工高速高精度控制要求,基于B样条曲线理论,提出了3次B样条曲线插补算法,通过预判加工速度,采用3次B样条曲线不同段间连接点的切矢量求解,建立以时间为参数的样条曲线方程,同步完成插补轨迹规划和速度规划.经过仿真分析表明,该算法的计算效率高,可满足加工精度与速度平滑要求.     

NURBS曲线的平滑自适应插补算法研究

为实现数控机床高速度高精度加工,提出了一种综合轮廓误差和进给加速度控制的NURBS曲线平滑自适应实时插补算法,并在考虑加减速时把加加速度的影响也考虑在内。算法保证了平滑无冲击地进给过程,有利于提高加工效率和加工质量。     

CNC系统中三次参数样条曲线的插补算法

根据三次参数样条曲线的矢量表示方法，导出了一种ＣＮＣ系统中样条曲线的实时插补算法，该算法不仅精度高，理论上可使所用插补点都落在曲线上，而且计算量不大，插补速度快，插补轮廓步长由允许弓高误差及编程速度决定，理论分析和表明，这种算法能获得加工要求的插补精度，其插补速度能满足ＣＮＣ系统的实时性要求。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.