关于勾股数组的解

对大于2的正整数 x,给出了:求满足方程 x~2+y~2=z~2的正整数解(y,z)的一个公式;由 x 所确定的正整数解(y,z)的个数;满足(x,y,z)=1的正整数解的充要条件.     

有限维素代数上导子的一个注记

设 A 是域 F 上的有限维素代数, , 是 A 上的导子. 本文给出了 及 成为幂零导子的两个必要条件: 若存在0≠a A 满足 a = 0,并且对于每个 x A, 存在正整数 n x ,使得 a n x x = 0,则 是幂零导子; 若 ≠0 且 = ,如果对于每个 x A, 存在正整数n x , 使得 n x= 0,则 是幂零导子.     

整边三角形与正整数的一类分拆数

正整数n的k部分分拆是将n表示成k个正整数的无序和.其中正整数n的3部分分拆的一个型应用是整边三角形.对于整边三角形的研究已经有许多结果,对于周长为n的整边三角形个数有一个估计数公式T(n)．本文作者利用分拆的Ferrers图将整边三角形与不定方程4x1+3x2+2x3=n联系起来,给出了利用T(n)计算正整数n的一类4部分分拆数的计数式以及一类分部量不超过4的分拆数的计数公式,并讨论了其中一类分拆数在图论中的应用.     

关于勾股丢番图方程x~2+(x+k)~2=z~2

本文给出了勾股丢番图方程x2＋（x＋k）＝z2有正整数解的充要条件以及使该方程有正整数解k的必要条件，并根据k＝1，7时的正整数解，给出了对于给定k求该方程正整数解的一般方法。     

一类Euler函数方程的解的上界

设φ(n)为正整数n的Euler函数,讨论了Euler函数方程φ(x1…xn-1xn)=m(φ(x1)+…+φ(xn-1)+φ(xn))的求解问题,给出了该方程的所有正整数解的较为精确的上界.作为应用,对于一些给定的正整数m和n,求出了此时方程的全部正整数解.     

二重连整数是平方数的充分必要条件

利用循环小数刻画了不定方程x2=(10k+1)y的正整数解x、y的结构.给出了平方数是二重连整数的一个充分必要条件,进而给出了所有是平方数的二重连整数;同时否定了文[1] 的猜想.     

几类超椭圆丢番图方程组的解

利用初等方法及超椭圆丢番图方程x4-Dy2=1的解与Pell方程基本解的关系,研究由两个超椭圆方程x4-D1y2=1和y4-D2z2=1构成的方程组,证明了该方程组至多只有一组正整数解;对于D1,D2的四类取值,给出了其唯一正整数解的求解公式.本文结果还说明,有无穷多个非平方的正整数D1,D2,使该方程组有正整数解.     

关于2~r-完全数

对于任意正整数a,令σ(a)表示a的所有因子之和.设n是一个固定的正整数,称正整数x是n-完全数,如果它满足σ(x)+σ(nx)=2(n+1)x.运用σ(a)的一些性质讨论了2~r-完全数的存在性,其中r是固定的正整数,证明了x是2~r-完全数当且仅当x=2~s(2~(r+s)+2~s-1),其中s是正整数,2~(r+s)+2~s-1是一个奇素数.     

用数列的不同项的和表示数

对于用正整数的子列的不同项的和表示正整数的问题,给出了一个充分必要条件.对于用调和数列的子列表示正有理数的问题,研究了一些特殊情况.特别对于分母是等差数列的情况,给出完整的解答.对于一般情况,给出了一个必要条件.     

位数码之和的三次均值

令ds(n)表示正整数n的十进制表示中的各位数字之和,对正整数x≥2和任意固定的m∈N,令Am(x)=∑n＜xdms(n).文中给出A3(x)的一个精确计算公式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with