共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
利用热重分析仪(TGA)测定了聚乙烯/粘土纳米复合材料(Polyethylene/Clay Nano-composites)热分解温度,以锥型量热仪(CONE)测定了聚酰胺6/粘土纳米复合材料(Polyamide6/Clay Nano—composites,PCN)的释热速率、质量损失速率以及引燃时间等参数。研究表明加入适量的粘土,聚乙烯/粘土纳米复合材料的初始燃烧温度可以提高20℃左右,聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料的释热峰值可下降41.59%,CO生成率减少24.1%,明显降低了聚合物的火灾危险性。 相似文献
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从聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料的类型和制备方法、结构与性能表征等方面,总结了聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料的研究进展。利用插层复合原理制备各种聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料,赋予材料独特的结构,更优异的力学,热学,电磁和光学及其气体阻隔性能,具有重要的科学意义和应用前景。 相似文献
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粘土/有机纳米复合材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对聚合物/粘土纳米复合材料和柱撑材料的详细介绍,讨论了一般制备方法、制备过程的热力学和动力学研究、性能和应用,以及粘土的结构、有机改性等对制备粘土/有机纳米复合材料的影响。 相似文献
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聚合物 /层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料因其优异的性能是目前材料科学研究的热点。本文介绍了层状硅酸盐的结构、聚合物 /层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的类型及微观结构 ,重点介绍了聚合物 /层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料制备方法及性能的研究进展 ,指出需根据不同的聚合物 ,寻求经济可行的制备方法 相似文献
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聚合物层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备和应用 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
介绍了聚合物层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备、性能和应用.这种复合材料,以离子交换处理过的层状硅酸盐(通常是蒙脱土)为添加物,通过剥离-吸附、原位插层聚合和熔融插层等方法制备.这种新型纳米复合材料添加了含量较低的填充物,其力学性能、热稳定性、阻燃性等都有所提高.聚合物纳米复合材料展现出极其广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料的类型和制备方法、结构与性能表征等方面,总结了聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料的研究进展.利用插层复合原理制备各种聚合物/层状无机物纳米复合材料,赋予材料独特的结构,更优异的力学,热学,电、磁和光学及其气体阻隔性能,具有重要的科学意义和应用前景. 相似文献
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纳米粘土/聚合物复合材料的制备 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
付桂珍 《云南大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,(Z1)
纳米粘土 /聚合物复合材料因其具有优异的性能是目前材料科学研究的热点 .简要回顾了纳米粘土 /聚合物复合材料研究的发展概况 ;以蒙脱土和高岭土为例 ,介绍了纳米粘土 /聚合物复合材料的制备方法和原理 ;并从热力学角度对插层复合过程进行了分析 ,在此基础上提出了影响插层反应的因素及插层剂的选择原则 . 相似文献
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杜善义 《上海大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,20(1):1-14
针对聚合物基纳米复合材料的某些热点和重点问题进行了总结和评述, 并讨论了碳纳米管、石墨烯及纳米增强界面等以增强为主的纳米复合材料的研究状况和存在的问题; 系统地评述了纳米纸复合材料、光电纳米功能复合材料以及纳米智能复合材料等以改善功能为主的纳米功能复合材料的研究动态. 相似文献
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填充补强剂在橡胶基质中分散状态的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
将透射电子显微镜 (TEM)与扫描电子显微镜 (SEM )结合在一起, 系统观察了氧化锌、碳酸钙、陶土、粘土、炭黑、白炭黑等填料在丁苯橡胶中的分散状态,也考察了粘土 /橡胶纳米复合材料中粘土晶层的分散情况。发现各种填充补强剂在橡胶中均存在着几种层次的分散结构,混炼过程会进一步粉碎粒子,粉碎程度的大小依赖于分散相的内聚强度和结构特征。直接混炼也会造成粘土晶层一定程度的剥离,从而在基质中产生一些纳米尺度的分散质。大多数纳米复合材料包括原位聚合制备的纳米复合材料中,分散相都存在着一定程度的聚集体,不可能达到理想的均匀的分散,含量越高,聚集体数目越多。分散相的界定依赖现有仪器的分辨率。据此,也重新给出了纳米复合材料的定义:只要在某一分辨率下,分散相粒子的尺寸至少应有一维≤100nm,同时其质量分数或体积分数应达到 80 %以上。并认为炭黑和白炭黑增强的橡胶均属于纳米复合材料。 相似文献
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聚酰亚胺/硅石-钛酸钡纳米复合材料的制备与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过分散聚合法成功地制备了聚酰亚胺/硅石-钛酸钡纳米复合粒子,采用FT-IR、XRD、TEM分析手段研究了复合粒子的结构、形貌及其大小.结果表明,硅石包覆钛酸钡粒子的表面有一层浅色的聚合物,该聚合物包覆层的厚度约为10 nm,并且粒子在外观上基本呈球形或近似球形;同时在包覆过程中BaTiO3纳米粒子的晶体结构稳定,有机相与无机相之间是通过化学键键连. 相似文献
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聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备方法及其性能 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
聚合物基纳米复合材料PNC以其宏观复合材料无法替代的优势日益获得学术界和企业界的青睐。材料在纳米尺度上的复合,将产生高性能化和功能化。这里着重分析和讨论了聚合物基纳米复合材料的制备方法以及材料的优异性能。 相似文献
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Self-assembly of mesoscopically ordered chromatic polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lu Y Yang Y Sellinger A Lu M Huang J Fan H Haddad R Lopez G Burns AR Sasaki DY Shelnutt J Brinker CJ 《Nature》2001,410(6831):913-917
Nature abounds with intricate composite architectures composed of hard and soft materials synergistically intertwined to provide both useful functionality and mechanical integrity. Recent synthetic efforts to mimic such natural designs have focused on nanocomposites, prepared mainly by slow procedures like monomer or polymer infiltration of inorganic nanostructures or sequential deposition. Here we report the self-assembly of conjugated polymer/silica nanocomposite films with hexagonal, cubic or lamellar mesoscopic order using polymerizable amphiphilic diacetylene molecules as both structure-directing agents and monomers. The self-assembly procedure is rapid and incorporates the organic monomers uniformly within a highly ordered, inorganic environment. Polymerization results in polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites that are optically transparent and mechanically robust. Compared to ordered diacetylene-containing films prepared as Langmuir monolayers or by Langmuir-Blodgett deposition, the nanostructured inorganic host alters the diacetylene polymerization behaviour, and the resulting nanocomposite exhibits unusual chromatic changes in response to thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli. The inorganic framework serves to protect, stabilize, and orient the polymer, and to mediate its function. The nanocomposite architecture also provides sufficient mechanical integrity to enable integration into devices and microsystems. 相似文献
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高阻隔尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料薄膜的研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过原位插层聚合,在聚合管中实现连续化稳定制备剥离型尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,并同聚乙烯共挤试生产出5层复合吹塑膜.采用XRD、TEM、力学性能测试和气体阻隔性能测试分析了材料结构同性能之间的关系.结果表明,蒙脱土在尼龙6基体中以纳米尺度剥离并均匀分散,材料的力学性能和气体阻隔性能有较大幅度的提高,薄膜加工性能优异,透明性好. 相似文献
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Synthesis and characterization of conducting polyaniline
nanocomposites containing ZnO nanorods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Polyaniline (PANI) based nanocomposites filled with ZnO nanorods were prepared by the
chemical oxidative method of the aniline in acid medium with ammonium peroxydisulphate (APS) as an
oxidant. The composition, morphology and structure of the polymer and the nanocomposites were
characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),
UV–vis spectroscopy and electrical conductivity. The characteristic FTIR peaks of PANI were found to
shift to higher or lower wave number in PANI–ZnO composites due to formation of H-bonding. Different
amounts of ZnO nanorods were used to verify this effect on the characteristics of the synthesized materials.
These observed effects have been attributed to interaction of ZnO nanorods with PANI molecular chains.
XRD results revealed that the crystallinity of PANI was more pronounced after addition of nanorods,
while the intensity of the peaks increased by addition of ZnO nanorods. Electrical conductivity of the
PANI–ZnO nanocomposite film was found to be smaller than that of the PANI film. The decrease of
electrical conductivity in PANI–ZnO films as compared to PANI was attributed to the interfaces formed
between oxygen of ZnO nanorods and hydrogen of PANI. Also, TGA results showed that the
decomposition of the nanocomposite was less than that of pure polyaniline which confirms the successful
fabrication of products. These conductive polymers can be used in commercial paints as an additive. 相似文献
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F.A.Zhang L.Chen J.Q.Ma X.Yang 《复旦学报(自然科学版)》2007,46(5)
1 Results Nanocomposite has attracted more and more interest all over the world.Polystyrene (PS) is a commercialized and mass-productive polymer,continuous research efforts have been devoted to the development of polystyrene/montmorillonite (PS/MMT) nanocomposites[1-2].But the polarity of styrene (St) is too small to intercalate the space between the clay layers.The polarity of hydrophilic monomer is so strong that it can intercalate the MMT easily,the intercalated smectic clays maybe exfoliated by usin... 相似文献