一氧化氮治疗肿瘤的研究进展

一氧化氮（NO）是一种半衰期很短的气体分子，对细胞膜具有高穿透性，能在人体内传递重要信息，并具有调节细胞的功能.NO气体分子既能维持正常细胞的生理功能和活性，又能选择性地快速耗尽肿瘤细胞的能量，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡.研究表明：NO可以通过多种机制实现肿瘤治疗.已有一些NO供体药物表现出良好的抗肿瘤活性，精确控制NO在肿瘤部位的释放，可杀死肿瘤细胞.因此，NO气体疗法作为一种肿瘤治疗策略具有一定的应用前景.文章简述了NO的生理学特性和几种典型的NO供体，以及释放NO的生物材料在生物医学领域的应用进展.     

白介素-8与支气管哮喘之间关系的研究

支气管哮喘目前认为是由多种炎性细胞参与的气道慢性炎症，多种细胞因子在气道炎症发展过程中起重要作用。研究表明，白介素-8与支气管哮喘的发病密切相关。     

白介素-16与支气管哮喘关系的研究

白介素—16(IL—16)作为一种淋巴细胞趋化因子，参与了哮喘发病的早期调节，通过与细胞表面的CD4分子结合引起CD4^ 细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞的趋化性活动并在活化中发挥重要作用，参与哮喘气道炎症形成．     

哮喘患者肺泡巨噬细胞中IL－6mRNA表达的研究

应用逆转录酶链反应及索氏转移杂交技术分析过敏性支气管哮喘患者（激素治疗组９例，非激素治疗组１２例）及正常对照组（１０例）肺泡巨噬细胞（ａｌｖｅｏｌａｒｍａｃｒｏｐｈａｇｅｓ，ＡＭ）中白细胞介素一６（ｉｎｔｅｒｌｅｕｋｉｎ－６，ＩＬ－６）的ｍＲＮＡ表达。ＩＬ－６／β－ａｃｔｉｎ比值表示。结果发现未用激素治疗的哮喘患者ＡＭ的ＩＬ－６／μ－ａｃｔｉｎ为０．６６±０．３２，显著高于正常对照者（０．３４±０．１３，Ｐ＜０．０１）及激素治疗组（０．４１±０．１５，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示表达ＩＬ－６的ＡＭ在哮喘的发病机理中可能具有重要的作用，而皮质激素治疗哮喘的机制之一可能与其抑制ＡＭ表达及产生ＩＬ－６的能力有关。     

神经系统信使分子NO的量子生物学初探

NO是近些年来发现生物功能的重要生物分子，是神经系统的重要信使分子。本文用量子生物学方法研究了NO的存在形式，建议体内NO具有双分子形式。这种双分子结构有利于NO结构的稳定和所携带信息的保护，以及作为逆信使从突触后细胞，穿过突触间隙，向突触前未端的扩散。     

新型急性疾病生物标记物——一氧化氮及其代谢物

一氧化氮(NO)是由L-精氨酸通过一氧化氮合酶(NO synthase,NOS)催化而合成,具有重要的生理和病理作用,与临床多种疾病的发生发展有着密切关系。最近研究发现NO可作为生物标记物,用于诊断和预测临床疾病。文本主要探讨了NO及其代谢物——硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐在呼吸系统感染、中枢神经系统感染、哮喘、急性肾损伤、脓毒症、感染性休克和心肌缺血等急性疾病中的生物标记物作用,为临床急性疾病的诊断提供新方法。     

可控释放一氧化氮的纳米材料及其生物医学应用

一氧化氮（NO）作为一种内源性气体信使分子,能够对多种生理学功能进行调控.低浓度的NO可以调节平滑肌,维持铁稳态和介导神经传递等;高浓度的NO可以提供一种防御机制.广泛的生理学功能使NO成为热门的治疗性气体分子.现有的NO供体往往存在半衰期短、释放不受控、缺乏靶向性等问题,限制了其进一步的应用.随着纳米技术的发展,研究者们合成了一系列能够可控释放NO的纳米材料,使其能够在治疗部位精确释放,并应用于多个生物医学领域.文章总结了NO供体种类,对常见的NO纳米载体的特性进行了分类介绍,并概述了NO控释纳米药物在治疗心血管疾病和肿瘤治疗等生物医学领域的最新研究进展,对该领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了讨论.     

对哮喘患者和吸烟者呼出气体中一氧化氮的检测

<正>本文检测了哮喘患者呼出气体中一氧化氮(NO)的浓度,并将非吸烟和吸烟的健康人作对照,在单口呼出气中,两个对照组和哮喘患者都可测出气道NO高峰,哮喘患者的NO浓度高峰高于非吸烟者,而吸烟者的NO峰值低于非吸烟者(P<0.05)。结果表明:哮喘患者具有机体防御反应;因此,检测NO可鉴别肺部疾病的不同类型。     

一氧化氮的生理作用

一氧化氮（NO）是近十年来研究的热门课题之一。现已初步认定NO是重要的细胞内信息和新的神经递质。它介导并调节多种生任动俄。本文就NO生理作用作一综述。INO的生物合成体内左族精卫晋（L一吨）与NO合成自（NOS）作用下生成NO和区五四，用来合成NO的是L一吨尼基末润的氢原子，故称为L－Azg－NO途径ti）。NOS已被统化，目前至少存在2种类型，一种原生劫（cNO），存在于内皮细胞，血小板、脑细胞等，在生理情况下依赖CaZ“及铐瞩蛋白激活。由CNOS合成的NO仅短时间释放，且不受精度质激素影响。NO作为一种信使分子影闪多种生…     

NO对新生大鼠心肌细胞PKC活性的影响

利用培养新生大鼠心肌细胞，检测NO前体L-精氨酸(L-arginine,L-Arg)和NO供体硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside,SNP)对PKC活性的影响，并探讨内、外源性NO在PKC激动剂佛波指(phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate,PMA)激活PKC中的作用.实验结果表明：培养基中加入L-Arg，PKC活性呈剂量依赖性降低；用L-Arg进行预处理，30 min后加入PMA，PKC活性明显降低，与单纯PMA组相比有显著差异；NOS抑制剂L-NAME本身对基础状态PKC活性无明显影响，但可阻断L-Arg对上述2个效应的影响；培养液中加入NO供体SNP，PKC活性呈剂量依赖性降低；用SNP预处理心肌细胞，5 min后加入PMA，PKC活性与单纯PMA组相比有显著性差异.以上结果表明，内、外源性NO均具有剂量依赖性抑制PKC活性的作用，PKC可能是NO对心肌细胞作用的胞内信号传导通路的关键部位或重要信号分子之一；L-Arg通过NOS先生成NO，NO再对PKC起抑制作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with