认知无线电中感知信道的优化选择方法

在认知无线电中,频谱感知是实现频谱动态接入的重要前提和核心环节,文中在多用户多信道环境下基于能量检测提出了一种感知信道优化选择的方法。该方法从最大化一个次用户感知一个主用户信道能获得的归一化吞吐量出发,在目标检测概率限制下,提出了基于改进的匈牙利算法进行感知信道选择的最优方法。仿真结果表明,与感知信道随机选择方法相比较,文中提出的方法可以大大提高整个次用户网络的归一化吞吐量。     

衰落环境下信道增益和时延的联合估计算法

目的研究衰落环境中认知用户与授权用户之间存在未知时延情况下的频谱感知问题,提出一种信道增益和时延的联合估计算法.方法建立一种新的动态状态空间模型,用以描述授权用户状态、时变衰落信道状态和感知时延之间的关系;通过最大后验概率准则估计出信道状态,用以表述信道状态随时间变化的情况;最后基于粒子滤波方法得到授权用户状态估计以及感知时延估计;通过仿真实验,分别从信道增益和感知时延两个角度与现有方法的正确检测概率进行对比与分析.结果笔者所提出的信道增益和时延的联合估计算法(SFH)在信道增益角度正确检测概率相比信道增益估计算法(SFC)和能量检测算法(ED)分别提升2%、2.6%,在感知时延角度上提升3.4%、8.7%.结论笔者所提算法提高了接收信号统计特性,在保证实时检测的同时,显著提升了存在未知时延的衰落信道环境下的频谱感知性能.     

基于分集接收的卫星认知通信动态频谱感知策略

针对基于固定判决门限的频谱感知策略无法适应信道衰落变化导致频谱感知效率下降的问题,结合卫星网络中待检测信号能量较低的特点,提出一种Nakagami-m信道环境下基于分集接收的动态频谱感知策略。该策略利用改进的模糊聚类算法动态获得频谱最佳判决门限,使得判决门限能够根据信道衰落变化自适应调整;在此基础上利用MRC(maximum ratio combining)与EGC(equal grain combining)2种分集方式增大认知用户的接收信噪比,以减小弱信号环境对能量检测算法频谱检测性能的影响。仿真结果表明:该策略能够有效提高低信噪比环境下的频谱感知性能。     

一种新颖的多用户协作频谱检测算法

频谱检测是认知无线电的一项核心技术,其检测性能容易受到信道衰落的影响.与单用户频谱检测相比较,多用户频谱检测能够克服认知无线电中衰落环境对系统检测性能的影响.文章分析了能量检测在高斯信道、瑞利衰落信道和阴影衰落信道下的检测性能,提出了一种新的多用户协作频谱检测数据融合算法.该方法采用1 bit的双极性信号表示单节点认知用户能量检测的判决结果并送至融合中心,融合中心根据每个认知用户的信噪比进行加权融合.仿真结果表明,该算法能够更加有效地克服信道衰落对频谱检测性能的影响,其检测性能明显优于OR准则算法.     

认知无人机网络中多机协作频谱感知研究

多无人机协同工作模式在未来通信中有着重要的应用前景。结合频谱资源短缺的问题,建立认知无人机网络模型,并研究多机协作频谱感知性能,提出一种最佳融合准则来优化检测性能。针对无人机数量较多的大型认知无人机网络,提出一种快速高效的协作频谱感知算法,并比较该算法在瑞利衰落以及Nakagami衰落2种信道环境下的性能。仿真结果表明:①采用最佳融合准则可以使协作频谱感知总错误率达到最小;②快速协作频谱感知算法可以利用较少的无人机来保证协作频谱感知的检测准确度,避免了不必要的感知过程,减少了参与协作频谱感知的次级用户数量,降低了协作感知时间,从而节省了感知过程开销,而且相比于瑞利衰落信道,该算法在Nakagami衰落信道环境下具有更好的性能。     

一种新颖的多用户协作频谱检测算法

频谱检测是认知无线电的一项核心技术,其检测性能容易受到信道衰落的影响.与单用户频谱检测相比较,多用户频谱检测能够克服认知无线电中衰落环境对系统检测性能的影响.文章分析了能量检测在高斯信道、瑞利衰落信道和阴影衰落信道下的检测性能,提出了一种新的多用户协作频谱检测数据融合算法.该方法采用1 bit的双极性信号表示单节点认知用户能量检测的判决结果并送至融合中心,融合中心根据每个认知用户的信噪比进行加权融合.仿真结果表明,该算法能够更加有效地克服信道衰落对频谱检测性能的影响,其检测性能明显优于OR准则算法.     

基于动态多频谱感知的认知无线网络信道接入策略

针对固定频谱感知信道接入机制授权信道分配效率低的问题,提出一种多用户场景下基于动态多频谱感知的认知无线网络信道接入策略.该策略根据认知用户接入请求等级与空闲频谱发现概率为认知用户动态分配感知信道数量,首先分析了认知用户的最佳感知频谱分配数量,在此基础上通过建立认知用户信道接入模型和授权信道可用度更新机制,设计了一种动态感知频谱分配策略,并采用短视策略对网络吞吐量进行了分析.仿真结果表明,所提信道接入策略要比现有认知无线网络信道接入策略提高了网络吞吐量和认知用户接入的公平性,降低了认知用户的平均接入时延.     

OFDM系统中基于基扩展模型的快时变信道估计算法

信道估计是正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)的关键技术。随着移动端速度的提高,信道会发生快速变化产生频率选择性衰落,针对此种情况,通过对传统信道估计算法搭建OFDM系统级仿真链路的基础上对不同的基扩展模型(basis expansion model,BEM)研究,针对复指数基扩展模型(complex exponential-BEM,CE-BEM)的部分基函数频率过高会产生较大误差的缺点,提出一种修正基函数系数的方法有效地去除了频率过高的基函数,通过仿真对信噪比和多普勒频移对模型均方误差性能的影响进行分析,结果表明提出算法能在不增加复杂度的前提下均方误差性能较CE-BEM低4～5 dB,有效地提高了拟合性能。     

快速时变信道下的基扩展模型信道估计性能分析

针对快速时变信道,提出了一种基于复指数基扩展模型(CE-BEM)的线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)信道估计方法,对信道估计的结果使用离散长椭球序列(DPSS)进行平滑处理,并相应提出了基于迭代的载波间干扰(ICI)消除信道均衡方法.仿真结果表明:在高多普勒信道场景下,该方法系统误码性能较传统信道估计方法有一定程度的提升.     

基于分数倍基扩展模型的双选信道估计方法

通过分析复指数基扩展模型（BEM）与多普勒扩展频谱之间的关系,提出一种基于分数倍基扩展模型的双选信道估计方法。当接收机能够获得最大多普勒频率值时（可以通过自身运动速度等计算或者作相应估计）,通过相应调整BEM基频率为原来的1/K倍,信道估计的均方误差性能得到明显改善。另外,还提出了重叠利用训练符号的改进算法,研究表明改进算法可以进一步提高信道估计的质量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that