2种蛋白酶对鲢鱼蛋白质的酶解作用

为了利用蛋白酶水解低值鱼或鱼加工下脚料生产水解鱼蛋白质,以鲢鱼蛋白质为原料对比研究了原料前处理、底物浓度、酶解时间、产物抑制浓度等对碱性蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶水解鱼蛋白质的影响,并研究了用2种蛋白酶分阶段水解鱼蛋白质的工艺.结果表明,碱性蛋白酶水解鲢鱼蛋白质在pH 8.0时的适宜条件为:温度45 ℃,酶解时间20 min,蛋白质质量分数低于6%,产物氨基态氮质量浓度低于2.55 g/L;复合蛋白酶在pH 6.5时的最适水解条件为:温度50 ℃,酶解时间20 min,蛋白质质量分数小于6%,产物氨基态氮质量浓度小于2.25 g/L;用2种蛋白酶分段水解鲢鱼蛋白质可大大提高水解产物的氨基态氮含量,增加水解产物的得率.     

酶法水解蚕蛹蛋白制备多肽的工艺研究

研究了几种蛋白酶对桑蛋蛹蛋白偻的水解情况,采用均匀设计法对桑蚕蛹蛋白粉的限制水解条件进行了选择,得到胰酶水解桑蚕蛹蛋白粉的优化条件为：酶用量占底物的质量分数为４．５０％,底物含量的质量体积分数为１．５％,反应温度为４０℃,水解时间为６．０ｈ,水解Ｐ来８．０,在此条件下水解,酸溶性肽得率可达９２．３７％。     

酶法制备低聚木糖的研究

利用木聚糖酶酶解小麦麸皮制备低聚木糖,为麸皮的深加工开辟了一条新途径.根据实验确定了木聚糖酶水解麸皮木聚糖的工艺条件,即酶浓度为1200 IU/g底物,木聚糖终质量分数为12%,水解温度为40℃,水解时间为6 h,总糖得率为57.12%,低聚木糖的得率为22.52%.对酶解液进行定性定量分析,结果表明,其主要成分为木二糖和木三糖.     

Alcalase酶解蛋清粉制备抗凝血肽的工艺优化

采用Alcalase碱性蛋白酶酶解蛋清粉制备食源性抗凝血肽。结果表明:底物浓度过大会抑制水解度的增长,底物质量分数为1%时蛋白质完全水解后的产物抗凝血活性最佳;高温和低温均对水解度有影响,低温酶解产物的抗凝血活性较好;pH值对水解度的影响与Alcalase的最适pH值有关;pH值为7时,抗凝血活性最好;酶/底物浓度增大,但底物不变的情况下,对水解度的提高不明显,酶/底物浓度过大,导致抗凝血活性降低。考虑交互作用经试验优化设计确定的酶解最佳工艺参数为:底物质量分数为1%,酶解温度为50 ℃,酶/底物质量分数为5%,酶解pH为8。在该条件下水解2 h,凝血抑制率达到68.92%。     

酶法水解鸡肝的工艺研究

采用5种蛋白酶分别对鸡肝进行水解,以水解度为指标,通过单因素试验,对原料预处理方法、酶解温度、pH、酶用量(E/S)、底物浓度及酶解时间等酶解条件进行优化,确定了Alcalase、Neutrase、Protamex、Fla-vourzyme以及木瓜蛋白酶水解鸡肝的工艺条件.综合比较酶解产物的水解度、氮回收率、感官质量和胆固醇含量发现,Alcalase水解能力最强,且产物苦味较弱;而Flavourzyme所得水解产物感官质量最好,无苦味,且具有较好的鲜味;酶解产物中均不含胆固醇.优选Alcalase用于单酶水解鸡肝,通过正交实验优化确定其最佳水解条件为:温度60℃,pH值8.0,加酶量1.25%,水解时间2.5h,底物浓度7.5%.在此条件下所得酶解液水解度为52.62%,氮回收率为85.32%.     

酶法水解V_C磷酸酯镁及其动力学分析

考察酶法水解VC磷酸酯镁(Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate,MAP)过程,采用复合磷酸酯酶(Phosphoesterase Complex,PC)为催化剂,以水解产物VC的含量(水解率)为指标考察底物浓度、反应时间、pH值、反应温度、酶用量等因素对MAP水解程度的影响,选择最佳水解条件并对其进行动力学分析。结果表明,在底物MAP的质量浓度为1.72g/L、酶和底物的体积分数为5%、温度37℃、pH 5.5条件下水解4h,水解率最大,可达(32.64±0.42)%。动力学分析表明:水解动力学符合米氏方程,其中km=25.82g/L,vmax=126.26g/(L.h)。     

酶法制备鸡骨HAP的研究

采用不同蛋白酶对鸡骨进行水解制备动物水解蛋白(HAP).结果表明,胰酶、AS.1398中性蛋白酶和Alcalase具有较好的水解效果.通过正交试验,以水解度为指标确定胰酶的优化水解条件为:温度50℃,pH值8.5,酶和底物的比值(E/S)为0.75%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min;AS.1398中性蛋白酶最适水解条件为:温度55℃,pH值7.5,E/S为3%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min;Alcalase酶解的最适水解条件为:温度60℃,pH值8.5,E/S为1%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min.     

玉米秸秆超声辅助酶水解

利用超声波技术研究了外加超声场条件下玉米秸秆的纤维素酶水解过程.结果表明:超声波可有效地提高玉米秸秆的纤维素酶水解得率,减少酶用量.在超声频率20 kHz、功率30 W、作用时间10 min的超声场下,纤维素酶的最适滤纸酶活用量为20IU/g,最适水解温度为50℃,最适pH为4.8,其48 h酶解得率达到27.3%,比未加超声波时酶解得率提高了48.3%.     

莲子浆的酶解条件探索研究

通过α-淀粉酶、葡萄糖淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶处理莲子浆,探索出了酶解莲子浆的最佳工艺条件.实验表明,在pH值为6.5,温度95℃下α-淀粉酶水解的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为24U/g莲子、底物浓度5%、水解时间为30min;在pH值为4.0,温度60℃下葡萄糖淀粉酶糖化的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为10000U/g莲子,底物浓度为11%,时间为11hr;在pH值为7.5,温度40℃下胰蛋白酶水解的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为16 000U/g莲子、底物浓度5%、水解时间为5hr.水解率可达56.25%,可得澄清透明的莲子原液.     

胡芦巴半乳甘露聚糖酶法改性的工艺条件

采用正交实验法优选纤维素酶降解胡芦巴半乳甘露聚糖的最佳工艺条件,以黏均分子质量和还原糖得率为指标,考察了酶解温度、酶解时间、酶用量及pH对降解效果的影响.结果表明,纤维素酶降解最佳工艺条件为:酶用量1500U/g,酶解温度50℃,pH 5.0,酶解时间150min,影响降解工艺的主次因素顺序为:酶解温度>酶用量>酶解时间＞pH.所得产物的黏均相对分子质量1.2×105,还原糖得率5.1%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~