充填体强度设计知识库模型

综合分析了国内外充填矿山的工程实践资料,并用分形维数来表征充填材料的级配特性,将矿体埋藏深度、矿体长度、矿体厚度、充填体暴露高度、充填体暴露面积及充填材料分形维数6个因素作为输入,充填体设计强度作为输出,建立了充填体强度设计的神经网络知识库模型.为了避免神经网络易陷入局部极小以及收敛速度慢等缺陷,采用遗传算法对神经网络进行优化,提高了神经网络学习效率.通过对知识库模型进行检验,发现其具有很高的计算精度.研究表明,随着开采深度的增大,充填体设计强度必须随之增大;充填体侧向暴露面积越大,所要求的充填体强度越高.将该模型应用于三山岛金矿,设计了合理的充填体强度.     

尾砂充填体力学参数混沌优化反分析研究

采场尾砂胶结充填体力学参数难以在实验室得到,有必要用反分析方法获取.采用有限元方法对不同充填体力学参数的变形结果进行计算,建立充填体力学参数与其变形结果的神经网络映射模型.用混沌优化与神经网络映射模型相结合,实现了充填体力学参数反演计算.对安庆铜矿高阶段充填体工程实例进行了分析,得出了不同配比尾砂胶结充填体力学参数.研究结果表明,混沌优化与神经网络相结合的反分析方法能实现全局寻优,具有较高的计算精度.图2,表3,参8.     

铀尾砂胶结充填体三轴压缩试验及非线性强度准则研究

充填采矿法是矿山开采的重要施工方法,探究尾砂胶结充填体回填采空区后的强度特性具有重要的理论研究和工程实际意义。以铀尾砂胶结充填体为研究对象,研究砂灰比和围压对胶结充填体力学性能的影响。随后基于三种强度理论,以试验数据为基准,对不同砂灰比铀尾砂胶结充填体强度进行预测。研究结果表明砂灰比对尾砂胶结充填体的力学特性有较大的影响;（1）砂灰比为4,围压小于4MPa时,铀尾砂胶结充填体的应力-应变曲线呈应变软化型,砂灰比大于4.铀尾砂胶结充填体的应力-应变曲线呈应变硬化型（2）粘聚力和内摩擦角随着砂灰比的增大而减小,并逐渐趋于平稳。并呈指数下降趋势,（3）Rocker准则公式简单,能精准的预测不同砂灰比条件下铀尾砂胶结充填体的强度。并提出考虑砂灰比的铀尾砂胶结充填体的Rocker强度准则,并验证其具有良好的预测效果,上述研究将为矿山充填开采提供有益的参考。     

连续级配胶结充填体力学特性及声发射特征

基于程潮铁矿尾砂胶结充填背景,配制7组不同Talbol指数n的连续级配胶结充填体试样,开展了单轴压缩胶结充填体声发射(AE)监测试验,获取了胶结充填体强度及声发射特征参数.研究结果表明:连续级配胶结充填体的强度随n的增大呈震荡上升,达到最大值后骤然下降,当n=0.5时,连续级配胶结充填体强度最优,连续级配胶结充填体试样破坏后表壁以主裂纹为主,主裂纹发育完整,属于单一裂纹贯穿破坏,当n≠0.5时,主裂纹沿扩展方向发生偏转,属于裂纹绕行扩展破坏;当n=0.5时,声发射能率与累积能量均呈现出明显与全应力应变曲线对应的阶段性变化特征,当n≠0.5时,声发射能率呈现周期性间断峰值变化规律,累积能量表现为明显的阶梯性变化特征.     

基于BP网络的某矿山充填料浆配比优化

针对目前某矿山残矿回采充填体质量所存在的问题,提出采用分级尾砂胶结充填的方案.分析分级尾砂的物化特性,得出分级尾砂作为充填骨料的可行性.通过配比试验,初步确定影响料浆质量的因素.为了得到最优配比,采用神经网络进行优化,以料浆浓度及各组分添加量作为输入因子,塌落度、7d抗压强度及28 d抗压强度作为输出因子,并以配比实验数据为训练和检验样本来建立BP神经网络预测模型.对比隐含层节点数对模型训练过程及预测精度的影响,选取最佳预测模型结构为4-9-3.将配比参数细化输入到预测模型中,从而搜索出优选样本,得到最优配比为所(水泥)∶m(粉煤灰)∶m(尾砂)=1∶3∶8.优化结果表明:在保证强度的前提下,粉煤灰的添加可有效地降低充填成本,经济效益显著.     

金川全尾砂棒磨砂新型充填胶凝材料试验研究

利用矿渣、粉煤灰等固体废弃物,开展新型充填胶凝材料试验,是解决金川矿山固体废弃物资源化利用和降低充填成本的重要途径。对金川矿区可以利用的尾砂、棒磨砂等充填骨料的物化特性进行分析和颗粒级配研究;进行新型充填胶凝材料配比正交试验。在此基础上,采用统计回归分析和参数拟合方法,建立新型充填胶凝材料胶结充填体强度与激发剂掺量的函数关系,并以胶结充填体强度为优化目标,以激发剂掺量范围作为约束条件,建立新型充填胶凝材料配比的优化模型。求解优化模型获得全尾砂-棒磨砂混合充填料的新型充填胶凝材料优化配比。最后,对新型充填胶凝材料进行验证试验。结果表明,开发的新型充填胶凝材料满足金川矿山对胶凝材料的要求,从而为金川矿山固体废弃物利用提供了依据。     

超细全尾砂新型胶结充填料水化机理与性能

针对全尾砂含泥质量分数较高、粒度低的特点,根据充填体作用机理,实验制备出以水淬渣为主要胶凝组分的全尾砂胶结充填材料.利用X线(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对该充填材料的水化产物和微观结构进行研究.研究结果表明:该新型充填料克服水泥全尾砂充填体强度低、充填砂浆黏度大以及成本高等技术难题,抗压强度R28=5.30 MPa是水泥胶结材料的4.7倍,满足矿山充填要求.所配制的充填料有良好的流动性,可以实现浆体自流输送.新型胶结材料的主导水化产物为钙矾石和C-S-H凝胶.大量钙矾石在水化初期形成,是原材料具有较高早期强度的主要因素;钙矶石微观形貌特征为网状或针棒状结构,随着养护时间的增加,水化产物不断发育长大,孔隙逐渐被填充,浆体结构更加致密,具有良好的力学特性.     

全尾砂胶结充填体的强度敏感性及破坏机制

以大冶铁矿全尾砂为原材料,采用水泥为胶结材料制作全尾砂胶结充填体,采用单因素五水平设计试验,研究了全尾砂胶结充填体强度与料浆中固相质量分数、灰砂配比及龄期之间的关系,并对敏感性进行了分析.胶结充填体强度随着料浆中固相质量分数的增加遵循指数函数增长,随灰砂配比的增加呈线性增长,随龄期增加遵循指数函数的增长,其中胶结充填体强度对龄期的敏感性最高,料浆中固相质量分数次之,灰砂配比最弱.胶结充填体抗压破坏试验结果显示,充填体的破坏经历了四个阶段,分别为微裂隙闭合阶段、线弹性阶段、微裂纹扩展阶段及裂纹贯通破坏阶段.     

岩土介质分维数的求解方法

根据分形理论建立了岩土体在二维和三维空间分维数之间的联系,从而可以通过二维数字图像技术估算岩土体在三维空间的分维数.证明了岩土体的颗粒分布分维数与孔隙分布分维数在有限尺度范围内能同时存在,并给出了两者之间的关系式.黏性土的微观结构实验数据表明:通过此关系式可有效估算孔隙分布分维数.最后提出了一种基于孔隙面积分布的颗粒分布分维数的计算方法,以Sierpinski地毯模型为实例证明了该方法是合理的.     

含硫充填体膨胀裂隙发育特性与单轴抗压强度的关联分析

含硫胶结充填体随着养护龄期的延长会出现膨胀开裂现象,存在明显裂隙的充填体试件再进行单轴抗压强度测试其结果十分离散,已不能有效地获得充填体力学参数.在室内进行配比试验,采用数字图像处理技术对得到的充填体表面裂隙图像进行二值化、去噪等预处理,而后计算其分形维数并分析其演化规律,且将分形维数与单轴抗压强度关联分析.研究结果表明:充填体试件面表的裂隙存在自相似性,表面裂隙越发育,其分形维数越大;分形维数与单轴抗压强度存在负相关关系,分形维数越小,其单轴抗压强度越高;分形维数可判别含硫充填体试件的完整性,当充填体表面裂隙的分形维数小于某阈值时,强度试验的结果更为可靠.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that