多媒体通信及其ATM网络实现技术

本文主要讨论多媒体通信及其实现技术。文中先描述了一种适应于多媒体通信的层次体系结构模式；接着论述了多媒体通信中网络的有关技术特征；然后以ＡＴＭ网络为实例，讨论了多媒体通信的实现技术。     

多媒体通信技术及其应用

本文主要讨论多媒体通信技术及其应用。文中论述了多媒体通信技术的有关技术特征；描述了一种适应于多媒体通信的结构模型；论述了多媒体通信的应用及其分类；并给出了一个多媒体桌面会议系统的实例。     

采集型多媒体通信与远程监控系统的标准化

针对多媒体网络监控系统缺乏完备标准的技术现状，结合起草公安部《警用远程监控数据格式与接口》行业标准的研究思路，探讨了采集型多媒体通信业务和远程监控系统的标准化问题。又通过为远程监控系统扩充符合IEEE1451标准的智能传感器接口和定义真正多媒体(而非狭义的只有音频和视频媒体)意义上的传输帧格式，给出了具体的解决方案。     

用PLD构成高速RS—485同步总线接口

在复杂的主从多点系统中，以微机为核心的各站之间的高速数据交换是必不可少的重要环节。本文介绍了用可编程逻辑阵列芯片实现ＲＳ－４８５高速串行同步通信的一种设计方法。所设计的接口电路克服了用标准接口芯片实现的接口电路中存在的一些问题，如死机、丢帧、传输数据率低及收发占用机时过长等问题。通过在实际系统中的大量检验，证明本文的设计思想具有较高的实用价值。     

自适应意识系统的理论和开发

意识是自然界中最神秘的现象之一。几个世纪以来，各个领域的研究人员花费了大量的精力试图弄清人类意识的奥秘。由于技术条件、研究方法和知识水平的限制，直到本世纪８０年代，有关的研究大多数局限在单学科、纯理论探讨的范围内。因此，有关的结果往往带有很强的主观性和片面性。至于以这些结果为基础的实验或模拟研究的报导，则更属凤毛麟角。本文首先讨论了意识的内涵，然后讨论了有关意识行为（如语言习得与理解、图像模式识别和理解、条件反射、联想、想象和梦幻）的神经计算机理及模拟方法和结果。接着文章介绍了我们开发的一个自适应意识系统──ＣＯＮＳＣＩＴＲＯＮ及有关的模拟结果，并对自适应意识系统开发中的有关问题作了进一步讨论。     

带有参数的C~2R模型的灵敏度分析

文献［１］“带有参数的数据包络分析Ｃ２Ｒ模型”的研究中，要求被评价决策单元的输入或输出指标按同比例变化，而实际总是按一定的比例变化的同时并带有一定的摄动，尤其在多输入、多输出问题上更为普遍。因此本文给出了带有摄动的参数数据包络分析模型，讨论了这种模型的有关性质，同样也给出了阀值的概念，并给出了求解阀值的方法。实际上也从另一个角度提供了一种ＤＥＡ灵敏度分析方法。     

特征结构提取的高阶Hopfield神经网络实现

本文首先建立了特征结构提取问题的罚函数表示，通过对罚函数求极小可以求得原始协方差矩阵的主特征向量及其对应的特征值。为了求得其他特征结构，特构造了一个协方差矩阵序列。如果将罚函数展开并进行整理，高阶Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络可被引入到特征结构提取中。这种方法比较直观，它将网络稳定时的输出与所求协方差矩阵的主特征向量的各个分量相对应，而网络稳定时的能量则对应于协方差矩阵的迹与所求特征值之差，计算机仿真结果验证了这种方法的正确性。     

计算机接口电路的Simulink仿真

由于Simulink的模块库中,缺少各种可编程接口芯片模块,进行接口电路的仿真主要是通过确定电路的功能之后选择Simulink中的有关模块,对这些模块进行修改,重新封装,构建所需要的电路。结合Intel8255A可编程并行接口芯片(PPI),阐述了利用Simulink实现计算机接口电路仿真的过程。     

考虑工序间环境相关性的网络计划方法研究

传统的CPM／PERT网络计划方法都是建立在工序的参数相互独立的假定基础之上，没有考虑工序间因为环境因素而产生的关联性。为此，通过对工序间因环境因素而产生的关联性进行分析，建立了基于环境影响因素的网络计划模型，并用VC 语言编制程序实现了模型的模拟计算，最后将该模型应用到一个工程实例中，并将计算结果与传统的CPM／PERT法、一般Monte Carlo模拟法作了对比，证实了模型的可行性和有效性。     

国际组合债券投资的最优风险分散与套期保值决策方法

在考虑外汇套期保值基础上，本文研究了国际组合债券投资的风险分散决策方法，并进而分析了不允许卖空情况下最优国际组合债券的结构特征。文中还给出了本文方法的应用实例。     

论科技一社会控制系统的建构

当今，科技的发展给人类的生活带来了极大的便利，但也给社会造成了一定的危害，为了遏止科技的一些负面效应，需要我们对科技进行社会控制，即构建一个行之有效的科技～社会控制系统。该系统由政策和法律控制、组织控制、市场控制和道德控制四个部分组成，这四个组成部分相对于整个系统来说是子系统，它们各有自己的特点、结构和功能，并且整个系统的运行还呈现出目的性、非线性和线性统一和可控性的原则。     

A calculus for services innovation

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the growing knowledge economy,     

Technical Note ：SINGLE-PERIOD TWO-PRODUCT INVENTORY MODEL WITH SUBSTITUTION： SOLUTION AND PROPERTIES

In this paper, we study a single-period two-product inventory model with stochastic demands and downward substitution. The optimal order quantities are presented and some properties are provided. Comparing with newsboy model, we prove that both the profit and the fill rate can be improved by using the substitution policy. This work was supported partly by NSFC/RGC Joint Research Program under grant 79910161987 and the National Science Foundation of China (79825102, 70231010, 70321001). Lianqiao CAI is lecturer of School of International Business, Beijing Foreign Studies University. He received his B.S. and M.S. from School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, in 1995 and 1998, and Ph.D of Management Science from Tsinghua University in 2002. His research areas include supply chain management, optimization techniques. Jian Chen is Professor and Chairman of the Management Science Department and co-director of the Research Center for Contemporary Management, Tsinghua University. He has over 80 papers published in some leading international journals and first class Chinese journals, and has been a principal investigator for over 20 grants or research contracts with National Science Foundation of China, governmental organizations, and companies. His main research interests include supply chain management, E-commerce, modeling and control for complex systems, decision support systems and information systems, and forecast and optimization techniques. He serves as associate editor of the “IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Part A” and “IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: Part C”, and on the Editorial Board of “The International Journal of Electronic Business” and “System Research and Behavioral Science”. He is the recipient of the Outstanding Contribution Award of IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society in 1996, and the Young Scientist Award of China in 1992. He was Secretary General of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics in Beijing, Co-chair of the IPC of 1998 International Conference on Systems Science and Systems Engineering, Chair of the First Asian eBiz Workshop in 2001, Co-chair of the Asian eBiz Workshop in 2002 and 2003, and Co-chair of the international conference on Global Supply Chain Management in 2002. Houmin Yan received his B.S. and M.S. from the Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, in 1982 and 1985, respectively, and his Ph.D. from the Faculty of Management, University of Toronto in 1993. From Jan. 1994, he is with the Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, the Chinese University of Hong Kong as an Assistance, Associate and Full Professor. He was a tenured Associate Professor at School of Management, the Univ. of Texas at Dallas. His main research areas are operations management, stochastic models, simulations, and supply chain management. He has published in journals such as Operations Research, Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, Production and Operations Management, Journal of Optimization: Theory and Applications, IIE Transactions and IEEE Transactions. He consults several high-tech companies, such as Motorola, C&K Systems, and Oriental Power, on issues spanning from production planning and scheduling, supply chain management to business process re-engineering. He is a member of INFORMS.     

基于深度强化学习的云作业调度及仿真研究

针对复杂瞬变的多用户多队列多数据中心云计算环境中作业调度困难的问题,提出一种基于深度强化学习的作业调度方法.建立了云作业调度系统模型及其数学模型,并建立了由传输时间、等待时间和执行时间三部分构成的优化目标.基于深度强化学习设计了作业调度算法,给出了算法的状态空间、动作空间和奖赏函数.设计与开发了云作业仿真调度器,完成作...     

资源、环境与产业转型的复合生态管理

中国环境污染与生态破坏问题的症结在于管理问题 ,其实质是资源代谢在时间、空间尺度上的滞留或耗竭 ,系统耦合在结构、功能关系上的破碎和板结 ,社会行为在经济和生态管理上的冲突和失调 .生态管理科学旨在运用系统工程的手段和生态学原理去探讨这类复合生态系统的动力学机制和控制论方法 ,协调人与自然、经济与环境、局部与整体间在时间、空间、数量、结构、序理间的系统耦合关系 ,使资源得以高效利用 ,人与自然高度和谐 ,环境经济持续发展 .为解决国家、地区及部门重大生态环境问题提供决策支持、科学依据和管理方法 .复合生态系统管理的热点是生态资产、生态健康和生态服务功能管理 .应用生态管理学包括产业生态管理 ,城镇生态管理和区域生态管理 .综述了当前国内外区域生命支持系统管理和产业转型的生态管理方法 ,如生命周期分析、生态足迹分析等 .     

随机跳变广义双指数分布下的双重跳跃扩散模型及应用

结合非对称双指数分布与有偏双指数分布构建了广义双指数分布,该分布能充分展现金融市场的有偏、非对称与尖峰厚尾特征. 借鉴Kou提出的双指数跳跃扩散模型,构建和分析了广义双指数分布下的单层跳跃扩散模型(GDED-KDJ),考虑到金融序列的异方差性与波动跳跃性,参考Eraker提出的双重跳跃扩散模型, 进一步将GDED-KDJ模型扩展为随机跳变广义双指数分布下的双重跳跃扩散模型,分析了新模型具备的一般性、有偏性、非对称性与尖峰厚尾性,进而从理论上证明了新模型的优越性. 同时,还研究了新模型的条件似然函数及MCMC迭代求解算法.最后,利用金融危机期间我国主要三种金属期货价格的三月连 续数据进行实证,结果也进一步表明新模型的可行性、有效性与优越性.     

SDG标准测试图及推理引擎论证

应用SDG技术对复杂系统进行安全分析推理，其引擎的性能测试至关重要。我们提出了采用系统标准的SDG测试图，对引擎进行测试。论述了测试所需的规模和指标，并针对应用领域特点，通过改变节点与支路规模、状态、关联关系、排列等因素，提出了一整套针对安全问题的SDG标准测试图。在此基础上，我们提出了极端与平均的性能测试方法。并运用SDG测试图对我们开发的SDG引擎进行完备性和运算能力的测试，效果达到实用水平。最后，我们对测试过程中暴露的问题，提出改进措施。     

Fundamentals of the analytic network process — multiple networks with benefits,costs, opportunities and risks

The general theory of the ANP enables one to deal with the benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (the BOCR merits) of a decision, by introducing the notion of negative priorities for C and R along with the rating (not comparison) of the top priority alternative synthesized for each of the four merits in terms of strategic criteria to enable one to combine the four B, O, C, and R values of each alternative into a single outcome. Strategic criteria are very basic criteria individuals and groups use to assess whether they should make any of the many decisions they face in their daily operations. They do not depend on any particular decision for their priorities but are assessed in terms of the goals and values of the individual or organization. Synthesis is made with two formulas, one multiplicative and one additive subtractive that can give rise to negative overall priorities. This paper summarizes and illustrates basic complex decisions involving several control criteria under each of the BOCR merits. Thomas L. Saaty holds the Chair of University Professor, Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics from Yale University. Before that he was a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania for ten years. Prior to that he spent seven years at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in the State Department in Washington, DC, that carried out the arms reduction negotiations with the Soviets in Geneva. His current research interests include decision-making, planning, conflict resolution and synthesis in the brain. As a result of his search for an effective means to deal with weapons tradeoffs at the Disarmament Agency and, more generally, with decision-making and resource allocation, Professor Saaty developed The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). He is co-developer of the software Expert Choice and of the software Super Decisions for decisions with dependence and feedback. He has authored or co-authored twelve books on the AHP/ANP. Professor Saaty has also written a number of other books that embrace a variety of topics, including Modern Nonlinear Equations, Nonlinear Mathematics, Graph Theory, The Four Color Problem, Behavioral Mathematics, Queuing Theory, Optimization in Integers, Embracing the Future and The Brain: Unraveling the Mystery of How It Works. His most recent book is Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making. The book is a rich collection of ideas, incorporating research by a growing body of researchers and practitioners, profiles of creative people, projects and products, theory, philosophy, physics and metaphysics...all explained with a liberal dose of humor. He has published more than 300 referred articles in a wide variety of professional journals. He has been on the editorial boards of Mathematical Reviews, Operations Research, Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, Mathematical and Computer Modeling, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Applied Mathematics Letters, and several others. He also served as consultant to many corporations and government.     

人工交通系统的基本思想与框架体系

阐述了人工交通系统的基本思想。从分析人工交通系统与仿真交通系统的差异和关系入手，提出了人工交通系统的基本系统构成和框架、主要建模和研究方法，以及分析手段和可能的应用方式。人工交通系统的主要研究手段包括基于代理的方法与编程技术、Petri网及其衍生模型、复杂系统的语言动力学描述、元胞自动机及其广义形式，以及模糊逻辑、神经元网、遗传演化程序和自然计算在内的计算智能方法。此外，还提出了将计算试验方法和并行系统方法用于交通研究的可能途径和效果，并讨论了有关人工交通系统研究中可能出现的问题和进一步的发展方向。     

SERVICE VALUE NETWORKS： VALUE, PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGY FOR THE SERVICES INDUSTRY

1. Introduction The services industry provides services notgoods (Hughes and Mitchell et al., 1993). Thisindustry is moving towards globalization(Kathawala and Abdou, 2003). In 1870 theservice sector employed slightly more than 20%of the U.S.…