Das Nebenhodengangepithel der Ratte nach Hypophysektomie und nach Androgensubstitution

Summary The epithelium of the epididymal duct (corpus region) of the rat after hypophysectomy and after androgen substitution has been examined by light and electron microscopy. The epithelium consists of 3 different cell types: principal, accessory (Nebenzellen), and basal cells. The characteristics of these cells disappear after hypophysectomy and redifferentiate after androgen application. The alterations of the principal and accessory cells in course of time (from the 1st week up to 9 weeks after injection of 20 mg testosterone propionate) are the subject of this report.     

Changes in intracellular pH and cell volume during the early phase of DMSO-induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells

Changes in intracellular pH and water volume were measured after treatment of Friend erythroleukemia cells with 1.5% DMSO. It was found that a continuous decrease in pHi occurred, beginning 1 h after induction and a decline in pHi of 0.18 was measured after 9 h. In addition a decline in cellular water volume, of 12% only 15 min after induction, and 23% after 9 h, was observed.     

Die Mitosehäufigkeit in der normalen Epidermis der Maus nach einmaliger DMSO-Einwirkung

Summary 12 h after local application of DMSO on the epidermis of the mouse, increased mitotic activity has been observed, the maximum occurring 24 h after the onset of the experiment. Subsequently a distinct reduction of the frequency of mitosis can be seen with a minimum occurring about 53 h after the beginning of experiment. The initial mean value is reached 12 h after.     

Effects of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion on mitochondrial function and susceptibility to oxidative stress

We investigated the effects of ischemia duration on the functional response of mitochondria to reperfusion and its relationship with changes in mitochondrial susceptibility to oxidative stress. Mitochondria were isolated from hearts perfused by the Langendorff technique immediately after different periods of global ischemia or reperfusion following such ischemia periods. Rates of O₂ consumption and H₂O₂ release with complex I- and complex II-linked substrates, lipid peroxidation, overall antioxidant capacity, capacity to remove H₂O₂, and susceptibility to oxidative stress were determined. The effects of ischemia on some parameters were time dependent so that the changes were greater after 45 than after 20 min of ischemia, or were significantly different to the nonischemic control only after 45 min of ischemia. Thus, succinate-supported state 3 respiration exhibited a significant decrease after 20 min of ischemia and a greater decrease after 45 min, while pyruvate malate-supported respiration showed a significant decrease only after 45 min of ischemia, indicating an ischemia-induced early inhibition of complex II and a late inhibition of complex I. Furthermore, both succinate and pyruvate malate-supported H₂O₂ release showed significant increases only after 45 min of ischemia. Similarly, whole antioxidant capacity significantly increased and susceptibility to oxidants significantly decreased after 45 min of ischemia. Such changes were likely due to the accumulation of reducing equivalents, which are able to remove peroxides and maintain thiols in a reduced state. This condition, which protects mitochondria against oxidants, increases mitochondrial production of oxyradicals and oxidative damage during reperfusion. This could explain the smaller functional recovery of the tissue and the further decline of the mitochondrial function after reperfusion following the longer period of oxygen deprivation. Received 18 May 2001; received after revision 17 July 2001; accepted 24 July 2001     

Immunohistochemical study of the pars intermediate of the mouse pituitary in different experimental conditions.

Alpha-MSH, beta-MSH and ACTH have been localized in the cells of hypophyseal intermediate lobe by fluorescence histoimmunological technics. Elaboration and excretion of these polypeptides are enhanced after dehydration or adrenalectomy. The most evident variations are seen with alpha-MSH and ACTH after dehydration, with beta-MSH after adrenalectomy.     

Liberation of adenosine triphosphate after depolarization of the Torpedo electroplaque by potassium chloride]

The release of ATP after potassium depolarization was measured on fragments of electric tissue incubated in a solution containing the firefly extract. Light emission was proportional to the extracellular KCL concentration. In contrast to the release of ATP after single nerve impulses, the release after direct KCL depolarization was insensitive to curare of eserin.     

Le rein intervient-il dans l'homéostasie de la pression artérielle?

Summary Although vasoconstrictor properties have been clearly demonstrated in the venous renal blood after renal ischemia, we have not been able to detect such properties after hypotension in the carotid sinuses or after bleeding in the dog.     

Serum thymic factor as a radioprotective agent promoting survival after X-irradiation

Summary Serum thymic factor (FTS, zinc-free thymulin) protected mice from death after whole-body X-irradiation. It was significantly radioprotective even when administered after irradiation, but it was more effective when administered both before and after irradiation. The protective effect appears to be due to the enhancement of hematologic recovery in the animals.     

Positive alliesthesia after insulin.

Volunteers experienced sucrose solution as more pleasant 36-48 min after insulin, than after saline control. These changes in affective estimates correlate negatively with blood sugar at 30 min and positively at 50 min after the insulin injection.     

Serum thymic factor as a radioprotective agent promoting survival after X-irradiation

Serum thymic factor (FTS, zinc-free thymulin) protected mice from death after whole-body X-irradiation. It was significantly radioprotective even when administered after irradiation, but it was more effective when administered both before and after irradiation. The protective effect appears to be due to the enhancement of hematologic recovery in the animals.     

Effect of starvation and refeeding on catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in skeletal and cardiac muscles from 12-month-old rats

Summary Catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in muscles from 12-month-old rats after severe starvation and after subsequent refeeding. Catalase increased in most muscles after starvation and decreased after refeeding, while SOD remained unchanged.This research was supported by the Science and Education Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture under grant No. 5901-0410-8-0014-0 from the Competitive Grants Office. We thank Dr Craig Frisk for advice in the care of the animals.Scientific Journal Series No. 11, 191, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Positive alliesthesia after insulin

Summary Volunteers experienced sucrose solution as more pleasant 36–48 min after insulin, than after saline control. These changes in affective estimates correlate negatively with blood sugar at 30 min and positively at 50 min after the insulin injection.     

Histaminämie nach Adrenalin

Summary The effects of adrenaline on human subjects can induce a histamine-counter-regulation, which appears after physiological or therapeutical adrenaline-doses.The proved counter-regulation's effect offers a possibility for explanation of collaps-conditions after nerve block and after subcutaneous infiltration anaesthesia. This suggests the prevention of such incidences by anti-histamine-substances. The individual differences in the course of reaction may have clinical importance.     

Postischemic ATP levels predict hepatic function 24 hours following ischemia in the rat

Hepatic function was assessed by the aminopyrine breath test (ABT) in male Sprague Dawley rats 24 h after partial hepatic ischemia. ABT decreased progressively to 26.3 (p less than 0.05) and 19.7% of dose (p less than 0.05) after 90 and 120 min of ischemia, respectively. ABT at 24 h after injury was correlated to the concentration of ATP in the ischemic lobes 1 h after the onset of reperfusion (r2 = 0.971) but not to ALT activity in plasma at 1 h (r2 = 0.391). We conclude that postischemic ATP levels are a better index of subsequent hepatic function than ALT.     

Modification of effects of biologically active peptides,caused by enzyme treatment,on the excitability of identifiable giant neurones of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac)

Summary Physalaemin, which excites an identifiable molluscan giant neurone (the TAN, tonically autoactive neurone), lost the effect after the trypsin treatment. Unexpectedly, this peptide shows an inhibitory effect on the same neurone after chymotrypsin treatment. Deamino-dicarba-(d-d-)oxytocin and d-d-Arg-vasotocin, which excite another identifiable neurone (the PON, periodically oscillating neurone) continue to show the effect after chymotrypsin treatment (6 h). But d-d-Arg-vasotocin losts the effect on the PON after trypsin treatment.The authors thank Dr Sadaaki Iwanaga of Osaka University and Dr Atsuo Inoue of Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co. for their helpful advice, and Miss Hiroko Tamura for her technical assistance.     

Autoradiographic analysis of FSH binding during follicular atresia

Binding of FSH to ovarian cells was studied in PMSG primed immature Swiss mice, 48 h after PMSG treatment, FSH-binding was higher in the periphery than in the cumulus cells of the antral follicles. Binding of FSH to granulosa cells of normal follicles was observed to be specific, 48 h after PMSG injection. No localization in the atretic follicles could be seen by autoradiography 72 h after priming.     

Changes in intracellular pH and cell volume during the early phase of DMSO-induced differentiation of friend erythroleukemia cells

Summary Changes in intracellular pH and water volume were measured after treatment of Friend erythroleukemia cells with 1.5% DMSO. It was found that a continuous decrease in pH_i occurred, beginning 1 h after induction and a decline in pH_i of 0.18 was measured after 9 h. In addition a decline in cellular water volume, of 12% only 15 min after induction, and 23% after 9 h, was observed.11 December 1986Acknowlegments. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Variations in DNA synthesis and the activities of acid and alkaline deoxyribonucleases during regeneration of planaria (Polycelis tenuis)

Variations of DNA synthesis were established for the first time during planarian regeneration by 32P phosphoric acid incorporation. A first peak of DNA synthesis occurred between the 10th and the 18th hour after sectioning (maximum at 12 hrs.). Subsequently, DNA synthesis increased again progressively after the 24th hour to a plateau between 48 and 72 hrs. after regeneration. Simultaneously, variations of alkaline and acid DNases were determined.     

Postischemic ATP levels predict hepatic function 24 hours following ischemia in the rat

Summary Hepatic function was assessed by the aminopyrine breath test (ABT) in male Sprague Dawley rats 24 h after partial hepatic ischemia. ABT decreased progressively to 26.3 (p<0.05) and 19.7% of dose (p<0.05) after 90 and 120 min of ischemia, respectively. ABT at 24 h after injury was correlated to the concentration of ATP in the ischemic lobes 1 h after the onset of reperfusion (r²=0.971) but not to ALT activity in plasma at 1 h (r²=0.391). We conclude that postischemic ATP levels are a better index of subsequent hepatic function than ALT.     

Brain glycogen following experimental cerebral ischemia in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)

Summary Cortical glycogen levels decreased after both 1 and 3 h of unilateral ischemia. After 1 h of recirculation, the levels of glycogen were restored to control values in both groups. Subsequently, glycogen increased above normal levels after 1 week of recirculation in the 1 h ischemic groups, and after 5 h in the 3 h ischemic group. Thus, the onset of the excess glycogen accumulation appears to be dependent on the intensity of the ischemic insult.