人白血病抑制因子真核表达载体的构建及在哺乳动物细胞中的表达

应用RT-PCR方法从人子宫内膜组织总RNA扩增出hLIF的全长基因,然后将其克隆至pcDNA3上,成功构建了重组真核表达载体pcDNA3/hLIF.利用脂质体介导将这一表达载体导入COS-7细胞和CHO-K1细胞,分别获得了hLIF的瞬时表达和稳定表达,为进一步进行hLIF生物学功能研究和hLIF在哺乳动物细胞中的高表达研究奠定了基础.     

Structure, expression and function of a schwannoma-derived growth factor

During the development of the nervous system, cells require growth factors that regulate their division and survival. To identify new growth factors, serum-free growth-conditioned media from many clonal cell lines were screened for the presence of mitogens for central nervous system glial cells. A cell line secreting a potent glial mitogen was established from a tumour (or 'schwannoma') derived from the sheath of the sciatic nerve. The cells of the tumour, named JS1 cells, were adapted to clonal culture and identified as Schwann cells. Schwann cells secrete an autocrine mitogen and human schwannoma extracts have mitogenic activity on glial cells. Until now, neither mitogen has been purified. Here we report the purification and characterization of a mitogenic molecule, designated schwannoma-derived growth factor (SDGF), from the growth-conditioned medium of the JS1 Schwann cell line. SDGF belongs to the epidermal growth factor family, and is an autocrine growth factor as well as a mitogen for astrocytes, Schwann cells and fibroblasts.     

栖热菌噬菌体TSP4密码子偏嗜性及其对基因异源表达的影响

 为了探索噬菌体TSP4、栖热菌模式菌株Thermus thermophilus HB27中6种蛋白编码序列和Escherichia coli基因组遗传密码子使用偏嗜性,探索TSP4基因密码子偏嗜性对其基因异源表达的影响本研究利用生物学软件Editseq和RSCU算法统计噬菌体TSP4密码子使用频率并分析其偏嗜性,与栖热菌HB27的同源基因以及常温菌E.coli基因组的密码子使用偏嗜性进行对比分析.结果显示,噬菌体TSP4与栖热菌HB27优势密码子相似度高达85%,而与E.coli的相似性仅有65%.为了验证分析结果,选取TSP4基因组中一个潜在分子伴侣基因序列在E.coli BL21和E.coli Rosetta(补充了BL21菌株中缺失的6个稀有密码子)中进行异源表达.噬菌体TSP4与其宿主菌HB27之间密码子高相似性说明在长期的进化过程中TSP4在基因水平上形成对宿主的一种适应性机制.异源表达结果显示,分子伴侣基因在E.coli BL21中未见明显表达,但在Rosetta中高效表达,说明Rosetta中补充的 6个稀有密码子明显有助于分子伴侣基因的表达,该结果也进一步证明密码子偏嗜性是否一致在很大程度上影响基因的表达.     

Molecular cloning of the whole biosynthetic pathway of a Streptomyces antibiotic and its expression in a heterologous host

The application of molecular cloning to antibiotic-producing microorganisms should lead to enhanced antibiotic productivity and to the biosynthesis of novel antibiotics by in vitro interspecific recombination. To allow such approaches, the genes for antibiotic synthesis must be isolated, analysed and perhaps modified. Certain Streptomyces species produce nearly two-thirds of the known natural antibiotics; the recent development of cloning systems in the genus makes it possible to isolate and analyse Streptomyces genes. However, antibiotics are metabolites which require sets of several enzymes for their synthesis and attempts to isolate the corresponding genes have so far yielded clones carrying either individual genes of the set, or only incomplete gene sets. We describe here the isolation of a large continuous segment of Streptomyces coelicolor DNA which apparently carries the complete genetic information required for synthesis of an antibiotic, actinorhodin , from simple primary metabolites. Not only can the cloned DNA 'complement' all available classes of actinorhodin non-producing mutants of S. coelicolor but, on introduction into a different host, Streptomyces parvulus , it directs the synthesis of the antibiotic. The tendency for the genes for antibiotic synthesis to be clustered together on the chromosomes of Streptomyces species and the availability of plasmid vectors which can carry stable inserts of DNA larger than 30 kilobase pairs (kb) and which can be introduced efficiently into Streptomyces protoplasts, suggest that the experiments described have general significance for this area of biotechnology.     

Induction of photosensitivity by heterologous expression of melanopsin

Melanopsin has been proposed to be the photopigment of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs); these photoreceptors of the mammalian eye drive circadian and pupillary adjustments through direct projections to the brain. Their action spectrum (lambda(max) approximately 480 nm) implicates an opsin and melanopsin is the only opsin known to exist in these cells. Melanopsin is required for ipRGC photosensitivity and for behavioural photoresponses that survive disrupted rod and cone function. Heterologously expressed melanopsin apparently binds retinaldehyde and mediates photic activation of G proteins. However, its amino-acid sequence differs from vertebrate photosensory opsins and some have suggested that melanopsin may be a photoisomerase, providing retinoid chromophore to an unidentified opsin. To determine whether melanopsin is a functional sensory photopigment, here we transiently expressed it in HEK293 cells that stably expressed TRPC3 channels. Light triggered a membrane depolarization in these cells and increased intracellular calcium. The light response resembled that of ipRGCs, with almost identical spectral sensitivity (lambda(max) approximately 479 nm). The phototransduction pathway included Gq or a related G protein, phospholipase C and TRPC3 channels. We conclude that mammalian melanopsin is a functional sensory photopigment, that it is the photopigment of ganglion-cell photoreceptors, and that these photoreceptors may use an invertebrate-like phototransduction cascade.     

Structure of the cyclic-AMP-responsive exchange factor Epac2 in its auto-inhibited state

Epac proteins (exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP) are guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) for the small GTP-binding proteins Rap1 and Rap2 that are directly regulated by the second messenger cyclic AMP and function in the control of diverse cellular processes, including cell adhesion and insulin secretion. Here we report the three-dimensional structure of full-length Epac2, a 110-kDa protein that contains an amino-terminal regulatory region with two cyclic-nucleotide-binding domains and a carboxy-terminal catalytic region. The structure was solved in the absence of cAMP and shows the auto-inhibited state of Epac. The regulatory region is positioned with respect to the catalytic region by a rigid, tripartite beta-sheet-like structure we refer to as the 'switchboard' and an ionic interaction we call the 'ionic latch'. As a consequence of this arrangement, the access of Rap to the catalytic site is sterically blocked. Mutational analysis suggests a model for cAMP-induced Epac activation with rigid body movement of the regulatory region, the features of which are universally conserved in cAMP-regulated proteins.     

分泌型Survivin真核表达载体的构建及其在HeLa细胞中的表达

目的:构建含6个组氨酸标签(His6)的小鼠存活素(Survivin)融合蛋白的真核表达载体,及其在真核细胞中的表达。方法:根据小鼠Survivin序列设计引物,经过RT-PCR克隆Survivin的cDNA并进一步构建分泌型Sur-vivin的真核表达载体,经测序鉴定后在大肠杆菌中扩增在HeLa细胞中表达;以金属离子螯合层析富集,再用免疫印迹法鉴定。结果:克隆到Survivin编码区全长序列,经DNA测序后证明与已报道序列相同。构建氨基端融合小鼠IL-2信号肽,羧基端带有His6标签的Survivin融合蛋白的真核表达载体,在HeLa细胞中转染成功并且表达;细胞上清经HisTrap HP柱层析富集后,进行免疫印迹分析,表明该融合蛋白以分泌型方式在HeLa细胞中表达。结论:成功克隆Survivin的cDNA,并构建其分泌型真核表达载体。     

人M-CSF与SCF融合蛋白的构建及其在昆虫细胞中的表达

应用重组DNA技术构建M-CSF与SCF的融合基因并将其克隆于昆虫杆状病毒转移载体pVL1392中,通过与野生型苜蓿夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AcNPV)DNA共转染草地夜蛾细胞Sf9,融合基因插入AcNPV基因组.重组病毒感染单层Sf9细胞后,表达产物分泌到胞外培养液中,用MTT比色法和TF-1细胞株可检测到表达产物与IL-3的协同效应.上述研究为开发具有应用价值的新型细胞融合因子奠定了基础.     

HCV包膜糖蛋白基因真核表达载体的构建及其在HepG2中的瞬时表达

通过PCR法扩增出HCV包膜糖蛋白E1-E2的全长基因片段.将测序正确的片段克隆入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)中,构建HCV包膜糖蛋白基因真核表达载体.再采用脂质体法转染肝癌细胞系hepG2,利用RT - PCR、Western blot等方法对目的基因的转录与表达进行分析与鉴定.结果表明所构建的含有HCV包膜糖蛋白E1-E2基因的真核表达载体在HepG2细胞中能瞬时表达.重组真核质粒的构建及表达为下一步建立稳定转染细胞系及进一步研究HCV包膜糖蛋白的功能奠定了基础.     

构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-ND CyclinB1及在胃癌细胞SGC-7901中的表达

目的:构建真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-ND CyclinB1,并观察其在人胃癌细胞SGC-7901中的表达及对SGC-7901活性的影响.方法:通过RT-PCR法扩增不可降解CyclinB1(ND CyclinB1),将其插入到pEGFP-N1载体的XhoⅠ和BamHⅠ酶切位点,构建真核表达载体pEGFP-N1-ND CyclinB1,并以PCR、双酶切、测序鉴定.通过脂质体法转染胃癌细胞SGC-7901,进行荧光检测、Western blotting分析和流式细胞仪分析.结果:PCR、酶切及测序证明重组质粒pEGFP-N1-ND CyclinB1构建成功.转染胃癌细胞SGC-7901 24 h后,荧光显微镜下观察到绿色荧光.Western blotting检测到CyclinB1的表达明显增加.流式细胞仪检测重组质粒细胞组凋亡指数高于对照组,差异有显著性.结论:成功构建pEGFP-N1-ND CyclinB1荧光真核表达载体,并可在SGC-7901细胞中有效表达.     

拟南芥转录因子TDF1的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

在拟南芥花药发育过程中,MYB家族转录因子TDF1在调控绒毡层发育及后期功能上起到关键的作用．利用PCR方法扩增TDF1基因并克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a．将表达载体TDF1-pET32a转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）,用IPTG成功诱导表达了分子量约为56KD的TDF1融合蛋白．该融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,分离出包涵体后进行可溶性处理作为抗原免疫家兔．制备出的多克隆抗血清经ELISA测定效价为1：2560,Westernblot检测表明该抗血清与TDF1融合蛋白识别良好．TDF1抗体的制备有助于进一步从生化水平上研究TDF1在花药发育中的功能．     

Npas4基因过表达慢病毒的构建及其在SK-N-SH细胞的表达

研究旨在构建Npas4基因过表达慢病毒,为进一步深入探索Npas4基因的功能奠定基础。用人工合成大鼠Npas4基因c DNA片段,将其插入p CDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-cop GFP构建慢病毒表达质粒p CDH-Npas4。酶切、测序验证质粒后,将p CDHNpas4和辅助质粒共转染包装细胞293T,浓缩上清得病毒颗粒并测定病毒滴度。取病毒颗粒感染SK-N-SH细胞48 h,收集细胞采用Western blotting法检测Npas4蛋白的表达。p CDH-Npas4携载正确Npas4基因,将其包装293T细胞后能产生病毒。病毒滴度为1.05×109TU/m L。相比于转染GFP病毒对照组(GFP)和未转染对照组(control),Npas4重组慢病毒组(Npas4)的细胞Npas4蛋白表达显著增高。成功构建Npas4基因过表达的重组慢病毒载体p CDH-Npas4,并获得高效的重组慢病毒,能将外源Npas4基因导入SK-N-SH细胞,为进一步研究Npas4基因的相关功能奠定了基础。     

cDNA sequence and chromosomal localization of human platelet-derived growth factor A-chain and its expression in tumour cell lines

The amino-acid sequence of the precursor of the human tumour cell line-derived platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A-chain has been deduced from complementary DNA clones and the gene localized to chromosome 7. The protein shows extensive homology to the PDGF B-chain precursor. Expression of the PDGF A-chain gene is independent of that of the PDGF B-chain in a number of human tumour cell lines, and secretion of a PDGF-like growth factor of relative molecular mass 31,000 correlates with expression of A- but not B-chain messenger RNA.     

HCV非结构区NS3-5B蛋白的真核表达载体构建及其在BHK-21细胞中的表达

通过PCR方法扩增出HCV NS3-5b全长基因序列,克隆入真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP中,构建重组质粒pIRES2-EGFP-NS3-5b。利用脂质体将该质粒转染至BHK-21细胞,通过荧光成像和Western Blot检测NS3-5b基因的表达。结果显示成功构建了真核表达质粒pIRES2-EGFP-NS3-5b,并且NS3/4A蛋白和NS5B蛋白得到特异性表达,为下一步建立HCV RdRp活性的细胞评价系统和动物模型评价系统奠定了实验和理论基础。     

Transforming growth factorβ1 and epidermal growth factor decrease the expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in endometrial carcinoma cells

Estradiol (E2) is the major molecular form of estrogens. Its biological effects are determined by estrogen receptors and intracellular E2 concentration in target cells. Regulation of intracellular E2 concentration involves the action of 17β(-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17HSD) type 2, the enzyme inactivating E2 to estrone. It has been demonstrated that 17HSD type 2 is expressed in normal endometrial epithelia and emdometrial carcinoma cells (RL 95-2). However, the regulatory mechanism of 17HSD type 2 expression in emdometrial cancer cells remains unknown. In the present study, the effects of transforming growth factor-(1 (TGF-β1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on 17HSD type 2 expression in RL 95-2 cells have been investigated using enzyme activity assay and Northern blot analysis. After stimulation with TGF-β1 or EGF, the in vivo oxidative 17HSD activity in RL 95-2 cells was significantly decreased. It appeared that the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 and EGF on the enzyme activity of 17HSD type 2 is dose- and time-dependent. Northern blot analysis further revealed that treatment of cells for 48 h with 10 ng/mL TGF-1β And 50 ng/mL EGF reduced the expression 17HSD type 2 mRNA to 30% and 20% of the control level, respectively. The data demonstrate that 17HSD type 2 expression in endometrial carcinoma cells is down-regulated by certain growth factors.