唐古特大黄蒽醌衍生物的提取与分离

将唐古特大黄粉末加到20%硫酸溶液和氯仿的混合液中,在水浴回流以水解、提取.氯仿提取液依次以5%碳酸氢钾、5%碳酸钠、0.25%氢氧化钾和5%氢氧化钾振荡提取.提取液分别以盐酸酸化,即分别得大黄酸、大黄素、芦荟大黄素和大黄酚———大黄素甲醚混合物黄色沉淀物.后者再以薄层硅胶干柱层析分离,可得大黄酚和大黄素甲醚单体.上述五种蒽醌成分再经结晶即得纯品.     

脑脉通化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

采用色谱法对中药复方脑脉通的化学成分进行分离,采用化学方法及现代波谱技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定.分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为大黄酚,大黄素甲醚,2-甲氧基-6-乙酰基-7-甲基胡桃醌,大黄素,2,5-二甲基-7-羟基色原酮,芦荟大黄素,大黄酚甲醚,5-羟甲基糠醛,β-谷甾醇,胡萝卜苷.以上化合物均为首次自脑脉通复方中分离得到,其中化合物5-羟甲基糠醛为首次在组成脑脉通复方的4味中药中发现.     

从虎杖中提取蒽醌类成分的微型化学实验

根据虎杖中游离蒽醌酸性的不同,采用微型化学实验仪器用不同碱度的碱水分别萃取不同酸性的蒽醌成分,成功地从虎杖中提取并分离了蒽醌类中大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚等有效成分。     

芦荟中蒽醌类化合物成分研究

利用聚酰胺、硅胶柱色谱,结合溶剂分配及重结晶技术,从芦荟叶液汁的浓缩物提取物中分离得到6种蒽醌类化合物,经综合波谱分析和化学方法鉴定它们的结构,结果为芦荟大黄素(aloeemodin)、大黄素甲醚(physi cion)、大黄酚 (chrysophanol)、大黄素 (emodin)、大黄酸 (rhein)及一个自然界新发现的化合物:1,8-二羟基-9,10-蒽酮3-甲基-(2羟基)丙酸酯 (1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-3-methyl-(2-hydroxy)propionateester)。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法同时测定何首乌中二苯乙烯苷和5种蒽醌类化合物

建立了能同时分离检测何首乌中二苯乙烯苷与大黄素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚5种蒽醌类成分的胶束电动毛细管色谱法.考察了缓冲液pH值、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)浓度、硼砂浓度、甲醇浓度和运行电压对分离检测的影响,获得最佳的分离检测条件:缓冲液由15 mmol/L硼砂、30 mmol/L SDS和10％甲醇组成,pH值为9.6,运行电压为25 kV.在此条件下,二苯乙烯苷和5种蒽醌类成分在18 min内得以完全分离,迁移时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为1.06％ ～1.61％和1.46％ ～2.87％,检出限为0.26 ～ 0.56 mg/L,回收率为97.2％ ～ 103.2％.     

巴天酸模中的蒽醌类化合物

从巴天酸模 (PolygonumRumexPatientiaL .)的全草中分离得到 6个蒽醌类化合物 ,由光谱数据鉴定了其结构 .分别是大黄素 (emodin ,Ⅰ ) ,大黄酚 (chrysophanol,Ⅱ ) ,大黄素甲醚 (physcion ,Ⅲ ) ,大黄素 1,6 二甲醚 (emodin dimethylether,Ⅳ ) ,大黄素 8 O β D 葡萄糖甙 (emodin 8 O β D glucoside ,Ⅴ )和xanthorin 5 methylether(Ⅵ ) .其中 ,化合物Ⅴ和Ⅵ系首次从该植物中分得     

HPLC法比较狼毒大戟不同产地游离蒽醌和总蒽醌的质量分数

建立了同时测定狼毒大戟中芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄酸和大黄素甲醚5种蒽醌类成分的HPLC法.采用Venusil MP C18(2)柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液(79∶21)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长254nm,柱温30℃.测定了16批狼毒大戟根和地上部分中5种蒽醌类成分的质量分数,结果表明,在线性范围内的线性关系(r0.999 3)及分离度(R1.5)均良好;游离蒽醌平均回收率为96.59%～99.13%,RSD≤1.36%;总蒽醌平均回收率为97.60%～99.46%,RSD≤1.52%.16批狼毒大戟样品中5种蒽醌类成分均可检测到,不同产地、不同部位的狼毒大戟中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚量及组成结构比存在较大差异;由聚类分析可知,同一产地、不同居群狼毒大戟根的总蒽醌质量分数并没有聚集在一枝上;同时根的总蒽醌质量分数高于地上部分,云南省香格里拉市格咱乡除外.由此表明,这不仅能比较云南产狼毒大戟不同产地、不同部位中游离蒽醌和总蒽醌的质量分数及组成的差异性,为其药材质量评价和资源合理利用提供科学依据;也为狼毒大戟地上部分的综合利用提供了理论依据.     

四川蓼科主要药用植物资源

蓼科是药用植物重要的一个科。在四川有8属、75种及变种。蓼科药用植物的主要功能为清热解毒、收敛、除湿。已知的化学成分有大黄酸、大黄素、大黄甲醚、大黄酚等蒽醌类化合物以及维生素 C、B、黄酮类、鞣质、槲皮甙、金丝桃甙、桃甙等。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法测定何首乌中的二苯乙烯苷、大黄素和大黄酚

采用胶束电动毛细管色谱法,建立测定何首乌中二苯乙烯苷、大黄素、大黄酚的新方法,对影响分离的诸因素进行了优化.缓冲液组成为25 mmol/L硼砂-40 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠-10％(体积分数)乙醇,pH值为9.5.在优化的条件下,二苯乙烯苷、大黄素和大黄酚可于20 min内分离;线性范围分别为10～1000,5.2...     

虎杖灌胃大鼠血尿中蒽醌类代谢物的LC-MS分析

通过检测虎杖提取物灌胃后大鼠血浆及尿液中的代谢产物, 建立一种用液相色谱 电喷雾串联质谱（LC-MS）分离鉴定复杂样品中主要蒽醌类代谢物的方法. 液相色谱条件： 色谱柱为Agilent XDB-C18（4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm）, 流动相为水 甲醇梯度洗脱, 柱温为25 ℃. 质谱条件： ESI离子源, 毛细管电压3.5 kV, 负
离子检出模式. 结果表明: 在大鼠灌胃虎杖提取物后的血浆样品中检测出大黄素、 大黄酚和大黄素甲醚3种代谢产物; 尿液中检测出大黄素、 大黄素葡萄糖醛酸酯、 芦荟大黄素硫酸酯和芦荟大黄素葡萄糖醛酸酯4种代谢产物.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has