旋风除尘器的气固两相流的数值模拟与分析

采用Reynold应力方程湍流模型(RSM)模拟了旋风除尘器内的流场,并得到流场内Reynold应力具有各向异性的特征.采用离散相模型(DPM),模拟了固体颗粒运动轨迹,并对固体颗粒的分离效率进行了分析.     

水平管入口段内水煤浆流动特性数值模拟

以Eulerian多相流方法为基础建立了水煤浆流动的液固两相流体动力学模型,并对水平管入口段内水煤浆流动进行了模拟.模型采用颗粒动理学理论求解固相本构方程,采用RNGk-ε湍流混合模型描述颗粒间具有强烈作用的两相湍流流动.针对水煤浆中煤粉颗粒的双峰分布特性,将煤粉看作2种大小不同的固相,同时考虑固相与液相、固相与固相之间的动量交换.模型有效性通过Kaushal等试验结果和水煤浆的压降试验验证.通过模拟考察了入口段内速度及浓度分布过程和入口段长度的变化规律.结果表明:重力和颗粒间的相互作用对浓度和速度分布过程具有重要影响;固相体积分数在30%~49.5%范围内,入口段长度随浓度的增加而减小,随平均流速(0.2~5.0m/s)先增加后减小.     

高炉三维气固湍流和煤粉燃烧过程数值模拟

基于欧拉气相方程组、欧拉颗粒连续方程和动量方程以及拉氏颗粒能量和质量变化方程,建立并发展了高炉风口回旋区湍流气固两相流动和煤粉燃烧的三维数学模型.用所建模型分别对冷态模型内气固两相流动和某企业750 m3高炉风口回旋区内的气固两相三维流动与煤粉燃烧进行了数值模拟.采用三维激光相位多普勒分析仪(PDA)对冷态模型内气固两相流场进行了测量,实验结果与冷态两相流动的模拟结果基本一致.热态模拟结果给出了气相温度和组分浓度分布,模拟结果与实验测量结果较吻合,揭示了风口回旋区内气固两相流动和煤粉燃烧的基本性质和特点.     

循环流化床内生活垃圾颗粒冷态分层特性分析

对城市生活垃圾循环流化床焚烧炉炉内冷态流场及生活垃圾颗粒冷态分层特性进行了数值模拟.结果表明:密相区和稀相区的流场存在较大差异,密相区u、v、z值较稀相区大得多,湍流强度大,扰动强烈;稀相区流场横向扰动很弱.不同粒径的垃圾颗粒在炉内存在明显的分层现象,流化风速1.5～2 m/s时,小于1 mm的垃圾颗粒集中在炉膛上部,大于5 mm的垃圾颗粒沉积到炉膛底部.风速从0.8 m/s增加到2 m/s时,风速越小、粒径差异越大,分层越明显.随着风速的增加,不同粒径垃圾颗粒分布趋于均匀,分层现象减弱.当风速小于1 m/s,炉内整体流态化及循环状况较差,1.5～2 m/s的流化风速对生活垃圾流化床较为适合.     

涡激振动对管道液固两相流流场的影响

采用以颗粒动力学为基础的Euler-Euler双流体模型和计算流体动力学(CFD)技术模拟涡激振动下的管道内部液固两相流流动,研究了涡激振动对深海采矿矿物颗粒水利提升的影响.通过对3种涡激振动工况下液固两相流流场计算分析,发现管道的涡激振动会改变颗粒轴向速度分布和颗粒浓度分布.在涡激振动作用下颗粒轴向速度分布发生"波动"现象,颗粒浓度分布发生周期性的变化,局部浓度明显提高.     

循环流化床上升段流体动力特性数值模拟

针对循环流化床上升管内气固两相流动,建立了Eulerian双流体模型,将离散的固体颗粒相看作是连续介质,建立颗粒相和气相的质量守恒、动量守恒及k-ε输运方程等模型,用Fluent软件作计算工具,对流化床上升段内的颗粒速度分布、颗粒浓度分布和床内压力分布等进行了二维数值模拟.计算结果表明:上升段存在固体颗粒浓度中心区域低、近壁面高的环核结构,固体颗粒在横截面上存在由核心区向环形区的内循环运动,在相同气流速度下,沿床高压降随循环物料的增加而变大.数值模拟的结果与 Prssinen的实验结果吻合良好,表明所建模型正确,数值计算结果可以有效地应用于预测实际装置性能和指导循环流化床的设计和运行.     

流态化合成氮化硅的鼓泡床冷模试验与CFD模拟

对流态化合成氮化硅的鼓泡床进行了冷态试验研究,结果表明：优选出的流态化分布板,在表观气速为0.11～0.13m／s时,可以形成稳定的鼓泡床,并运用CFD技术,模拟研究了床内的空气相、颗粒相的组分浓度分布规律,对床内的死流区、不同粒径颗粒的上下分层现象与不同床层高度的压力降的模拟预测结果与实验结果相吻合。     

基于球元重建与大涡模拟耦合并行算法的数值模拟

为了更好地模拟柱形颗粒与石英砂的流动,利用球元重建方法对柱形颗粒进行球元重建.采用大涡模拟中的SGS(sub-grid scale)亚格子模型,对柱形颗粒造成的湍流进行解析.模拟中耦合并行算法,缩短了模型计算时间.基于上述方法,模拟了表观气速为1.5 m/s的柱形颗粒与石英砂的混合流动过程.通过流动瞬时图像和压力脉动分析表明,模拟结果与实验结果相似,表明耦合并行算法能较好地模拟流化床中柱形颗粒与石英砂的流动.当柱形颗粒尺寸较大时,加剧了湍流效应对混合流动的影响.模拟的z方向气体平均速度呈现中间高两边低的对称分布状态,这与床内的气泡和柱形颗粒分布有关,符合实际流化规律.     

煤粉无焰燃烧的数值模拟

用组分输运方法对煤粉的无焰燃烧进行了数值模拟,湍流采用Realizable k-ε紊流模型,颗粒相采用随机轨道模型,挥发分的析出采用化学渗透模型(CPD),湍流化学反应采用涡耗散模型(Eddy-Dissipation),煤粉颗粒表面燃烧模拟采用内表面化学反应动力学模型,辐射传热采用P-1辐射模型.结果表明,实验数据与数值模拟吻合良好;煤粉无焰燃烧时,燃烧反应发生在整个炉膛空间,炉内温度分布较均匀,温差为200K左右,燃烧呈现低O2浓度特征,NOx排放浓度较低.     

水平管段高压超浓相煤粉输送特性的数值模拟

在充分考虑气固两相相互作用的基础上,利用修正后的κ-ε湍流模型对以CO2为输送介质的高压超浓相煤粉气力输送进行了数值模拟.对于固相体积分数高达25％的高压超浓相煤粉气力输送,采用该模型模拟一体化管道(垂直管、弯管、水平管连接在一起),获得了水平管段中不同粒径的颗粒在截面上的速度分布、浓度分布,以及不同表观气速下水平管段中固相的径向浓度分布.模拟结果表明,在相同的输送条件下,大粒径煤粉的速度较低,更容易在水平管道沉积;煤粉粒径相同时,表观气速较大的颗粒在沉积区的浓度分布较小.将模拟结果与相同试验条件下的水平管电容层析成像(ECT)结果进行了对比,验证了本文模拟结果的正确性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has