UV-induced increase in number of periventricular ‘Gomori-positive’ glial cells in brains of mice

Zusammenfassung Im vorderen Teil des 3. Ventrikels wurden periventrikuläre «Gomori-positive» Glizellen bei normalen und UV-bestrahlten weissen Mäusen gezählt und eine statistisch signifikante Erhöhung der Zellen nach 14, 21 und 28 Tagen täglicher UV-Bestrahlung festgestellt.     

A histamine-dependent increase of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the rat brain in vivo

Résumé Pendant l'excitation du systeme nerveux central du rat, on constate une augmentation de l'histamine et de la sérotonine cérébrales. L'augmentation de la sérotonine dépend de celle de l'histamine.     

The number of neurons,glial and perineurium cells in an insect ganglion

Zusammenfassung Im zweiten Abdominalganglion der Indischen Stabheuschrecke (Carausius morosus Br.) wurden 600 ± 50 Neurone, 1000 ± 100 Gliazellen und 500 ± 30 Perineuriumzellen, zusammen etwa 2100 Zellen gezählt. Die Volumina des Ganglions, des Neuropilems und des Zellcortex betrugen etwa: 140 · 10^–4 mm³, 75 · 10^–4 mm³ und 65 · 10^–4 mm³.     

Effects of mycoplasma contamination on the radiosensitivity of rat glial cells

Résumé L'effet de la présence deM. laidlawii sur la sensibilité aux rayons-X des cellules provenant d'un glioblastome de rat a été étudié. Aucune différence significative n'a pu être mise en évidence entre la radiosensibilité des cellules infectées et celle des cellules saines. Ces résultats sont discutés en tenant compte des donnés bibliographiques.

---

---

This research was supported by a grant No. CA-07368 from the National Institutes of Health. The culturing and identification ofM. laidlawii was made by Dr.L. Dienes.     

Evidence for a cholinergic mechanism inducing histamine increase in the rat brain in vivo

Résumé Pendant l'excitation du système nerveux central chez le rat, un mécanisme cholinergique augmente l'histamine cérébrale.     

Post mortem increase of 5-hydroxytryptamine in rat brain after 5-hydroxytryptophan administration

Zusammenfassung Ratten mit und ohne Iproniazid-Vorbehandlung erhielten 30 min vor Dekapitation 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) i. p. Das intakte Hirn wurde bis zu 4 h bei 37° C, Zimmertemperatur und in 0·1n HCl aufbewahrt. In allen Fällen ergab sich eine starke postmortale 5-Hydroxytryptamin (5HT)-Vermehrung im Gehirn.Bei unbehandelten Kontrolltieren zeigte sich postmortal ein leichter 5HT-Abfall im Gehirn, der durch Iproniazid-Vorbehandlung aufgehoben wurde.     

Inter omental-cerebral vascularization induced by omental graft to the rat brain

Summary The omentum of 13 rats were removed from the abdomen and placed directly on the brain. 5–14 days later the omentum and the underlying brain were joined by numerous vascular anastomoses in 9 rats. The purpose of this work was to study the use of omentum to establish extracranial vascularization of the brain.Supported by funds from Grant RR 514 from the Jefferson Medical College General Research Fund.     

Uptake ofl-glutamate andl-aspartate in neurones and glial cells of cultured human and rat spinal cord

Summary Autoradiographic investigations on the uptake ofl-glutamate andl-aspartate have shown that the amino acids were taken up by neurones as well as by glial cells of cultured human and rat spinal cord. The activity of glutamate and aspartate varied considerably between individual neurones, whereas glial cells showed a more even distribution of the labelled amino acids. Our results suggest that both neurones and glial cells are involved in the uptake of amino acid transmitters.     

Roles of glial cells in synapse development

Brain function relies on communication among neurons via highly specialized contacts, the synapses, and synaptic dysfunction lies at the heart of age-, disease-, and injury-induced defects of the nervous system. For these reasons, the formation—and repair—of synaptic connections is a major focus of neuroscience research. In this review, I summarize recent evidence that synapse development is not a cell-autonomous process and that its distinct phases depend on assistance from the so-called glial cells. The results supporting this view concern synapses in the central nervous system as well as neuromuscular junctions and originate from experimental models ranging from cell cultures to living flies, worms, and mice. Peeking at the future, I will highlight recent technical advances that are likely to revolutionize our views on synapse–glia interactions in the developing, adult and diseased brain.     

Feeding induced by blockade of histamine H1-receptor in rat brain

Summary Histamine antagonists were infused into the third ventricle of the cerebrum in rats. All the H₁-, but none of the H₂-antagonists tested, induced initial feeding during the early portion of the light phase when histamine level was highest. No periprandial drinking was observed. Ambulation increased during feeding. The effect on feeding was attenuated when brain histamine was normally low during the early portion of the dark phase, or was decreased by -fluoromethylhistidine. Hypothalamic neuronal histamine may suppress food intake through H₁-receptors, and diurnal fluctuations of food intake may mirror neuronal histamine levels.