Universal role of migration in the evolution of cooperation

We study the role of unbiased migration in cooperation in the framework of the spatial evolutionary game on a variety of spatial structures, namely a regular lattice, continuous plane and complex networks. A striking finding is that migration plays a universal role in cooperation, regardless of the spatial structure. For a high degree of migration, cooperators cannot survive owing to their failure to form cooperator clusters that resist attacks by defectors. Meanwhile, for a low degree of migration, cooperation is considerably enhanced relative to that in the static spatial game, which is due to the strengthening of the boundaries of cooperator clusters by the occasional accumulation of cooperators along the boundaries. The cooperator cluster thus becomes more robust than that in the static game and defectors near the boundary can be assimilated by cooperators. The cooperator cluster thus expands, which facilitates cooperation. The general role of migration will be substantiated by sufficient simulations relating to heuristic explanations.     

A Proposal for the International Cooperation of Mangrove Ecosystem Studies in Guangxi of China

In the present paper,the situations concerning mangroves in Guangxi,China werereviewed with focus on resources,scientific research and natural conservation.The urgentproblems,related to coastal mangroves,were given out as some research projects for theconsiderations of foreign scientists and managers.On this basis,a favourable local study site ofmangrove ecosystem was introduced in detail.     

Mathematical Model of Extrinsic Blood Coagulation Cascade Dynamic System

The blood coagulation system is very important to life. This paper presents a mathematical blood coagulation model for the extrinsic pathway. This model simulates clotting factor VIII, which plays an important role in the coagulation mechanism. The mathematical model is used to study the equilibrium stability, orbit structure, attractors and global stability behavior, with conclusions in accordance with the physiological phenomena. Moreover, the results provide information about blood related illnesses, which can be used for further study of the coagulation mechanism.     

Consensus of Second-Order Multi-Agent Systems with Time-Varying Delays and Antagonistic Interactions

This study investigates the consensus problem of second-order multi-agent systems subject to timevarying interval-like delays. The notion of consensus is extended to networks containing antagonistic interactions modeled by negative weights on the communication graph. A unified framework is established to address both the stationary and dynamic consensus issues in sampled-data settings. Using the reciprocally convex approach,a sufficient condition for consensus is derived in terms of matrix inequalities. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed result.     

Motivation Based on Goal-directed Theory In SLA

I.Introduction Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandeducation,moreandmorepeoplebegintomasterasecondlanguagetopre-parefortheirfuturecareer.Therearemanyfactorsinfluencing languagelearners'successorfailureinsecondlanguagelearn-ing,suchaslanguagelearners'motiv…     

Spatial games and the maintenance of cooperation in an asymmetric Hawk-Dove game

Classical theories explaining the evolution of cooperation often rely on the assumption that the involved players are symmetrically interacted.However,in reality almost all well-documented cooperation systems show that cooperative players are in fact asymmetrically interacted and that this dynamic may greatly affect the cooperative behavior of the involved players.Here,we developed several models based on the most well known spatial game of the Hawk-Dove game,while also considering the effects of asymmetric interaction.Such asymmetric games possess four kinds of strategies:cooperation or defection of strong player and cooperation or defection of weak player.Computer simulations showed that the probability of defection of the strong player decreases with decreasing the benefit to cost ratio,and that all kinds of strategy will be substituted by cooperation on behalf of the strong player if the benefit to cost ratio is sufficiently small.Moreover,weak players find it difficult to survive and the surviving weak players are mostly defectors,similar to the Boxed Pigs game.Interestingly,the patterns of kinds of strategies are chaotic or oscillate in some conditions with the related factors.     

Spatial prisoner’s dilemma games with increasing size of the interaction neighborhood on regular lattices

We studied the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game on a square lattice where the size of the interaction neighborhood is considered. Firstly, the effects of noise and the cost-to-benefit ratio on the maintenance of cooperation were investigated. The results indicate that the cooperation frequency depends on the noise and cost-to-benefit ratio: cooperation reaches a climax as noise increases, but it monotonously decreases and even vanishes with the ratio increasing. Furthermore, we investigated how the size of the interaction neighborhood affects the emergence of cooperation in detail. Our study demonstrates that cooperation is remarkably enhanced by an increase in the size of the interaction neighborhood. However, cooperation died out when the size of the interaction neighborhood became too large since the system was similar to the mean-field system. On this basis, a cluster-forming mechanism acting among cooperators was also explored, and it showed that the moderate range of the neighborhood size is beneficial for forming larger cooperative clusters. Finally, large-scale Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to visualize and interpret these phenomena explicitly.     

The Simple Analysis on Motivation and Attitude in Tertiary College Students' English Study

In psycholinguistics, motivation and attitude have much effect on students＇ English study. Because there are different individuals among students, different students have different study motivations and attitudes. Directed against these individuals in tertiary colleges, we formulate different methods to help students study English well.     

Social welfare maximization for SRSNs using bio-inspired community cooperation mechanism

This paper considers social welfare maximization for spatial resource sharing networks(SRSNs),in which multiple autonomous users are spatially located and mutual influence only occurs between nearby users.To cope with a lack of central control and the restriction that only local information is available,a spatial resource sharing game is proposed.However,individual selfishness in traditional game models generally leads to inefficiency and dilemmas.Inspired by local cooperative behavior in biological sys- tems,a community cooperation mechanism(CCM)is proposed to improve the efficiency of the game.Specifically,when a user makes a decision,it maximizes the aggregate payoffs for its local community rather than selfishly consider itself.It is analytically shown that with the bio-inspired CCM,the social optimum of SRSNs is achieved with an exchange of local information.The proposed bio-inspired CCM is very general and can be applied to various communication networks.     

An Efficient Framework to Utilize Grover Search

This paper proposes an efficient framework to utilize quantum search practically.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first paper to show a concrete usage of quantum search in general programming.In our framework,we can utilize a quantum computer as a coprocessor to speed-up some parts of a program that runs on a classical computer.To do so,we propose several new ideas and techniques,such as a practical method to design a large quantum circuits for search problems and an efficient quantum comparator.     

The Inspiration and Cultivation of Motivation in English Language Learning for English Major Students

Motivation plays a very important role in second language learning and acquisition. And it is also one of the affective variables of language learning. Therefore, foreign language teacher should pay more attention to the students' motivation in the process of language teaching for creating efficiency of teaching and learning.     

高等教育国际化背景下人才培养方案的设计与实践

高等教育国际化应经济全球化而生,旨在加强各国之间在教育资源方面的交流,充分利用国际教育市场,培养有国际意识、国际交往能力、国际竞争能力的人才。大连民族学院国际商学院国际化人才培养方案的设计以培养具有国际视野的应用型、复合型人才为目标,采用国际化的教学方法,引进国际合作办学模式,强化双语教学和外语教学,实施“素质+外语+专业技能”培养,以期实现高等教育人才培养的国际化跨越。     

Cooperation in an asymmetric volunteer’s dilemma game with relatedness

What motivates some members of a social group to voluntarily incur costs in order to provide for the common good? This question lies at the heart of theoretical and empirical studies of cooperative behavior. This is also the question that underlies the classic volunteer’s dilemma model, which has been previously explored in scenarios where group members are related or interact asym- metrically. Here we present a model that combines asymmetry and relatedness, showing that the probability of volunteerism in such systems depends closely on both the degree of asymmetry and level of relatedness between interacting individuals. As has been shown in previous volunteer’s dilemma models, the payoff ratio and overall group size also influence the probability of volunteerism. The probability of volunteerism decreases with increasing group size or decreasing cost-to-benefit ratio of the coplayers; in the presence of asymmetrical interactions, subordinate players were more likely to offer public goods than the dominant player. More asymmetrical interactions decrease the probability of volunteerism of the dominant player; overall volunteerism increases with increasing relatedness.     

民族院校推进国际化办学进程的探索——以大连民族学院为例

随着经济全球化的进一步深化,高等教育国际化已经成为大势所趋,民族院校肩负着为民族地区经济社会发展培养国际化人才的使命。为进一步加快民族院校的国际化办学进程,应采取继续深化国际化的办学理念;不断提高师资队伍国际化水平;构筑适合民族院校实际情况的国际化人才培养平台;广泛建立与国内外大学的合作与交流;促进与跨国企业的合作与交流的具体措施,将培养民族地区急需的国际化人才作为民族院校国际化办学的最终目标。     

Role Assignment and Cooperation of Ontology and Object-Oriented Principle in Construction of Digital Product Model

Powerful expressive ability of semantic information, to be easily computed and flexibility are basic features of digital product model (DPM). Using ontology and object-oriented principle (OOP) together to cope with problems in modeling is brought forward in this paper. The two are widely used and do well in modeling, but they each alone cannot cope with all issues and new challenges. Three basic requests are pointed out in DPM modeling. Status, problems, and root of current non-semantic and semantic models are introduced. Ontology, OOP, and their difference are introduced. It is found that the two are entirely complementary with each other. How to assign the roles and to cooperate for the two in coping with the three basic issues in DPM modeling are explained in detail.     

Activating Students' Motivation in Speaking in English for Tourism Class by Using Authentic Materials and Tasks

The author analyzes the existing problems in English for Tourism class and possible reasons why students are not highly motivated in oral communication practice : unconsciousness of the ongoing changing tourism industry, failure in their past learning, fear of losing faces, lack of words , structures and cultural background etc. Aiming to change the present situation and stimulate students'motivation in speaking, she offers some possible ways to the problems based on her perspectives:(1) choose authentic materials relevant to student's future career;(2)adapt a more current course book which is more authentically tourist-based in content.(3)adapt authentic video and TV tourist based materials related to the experience of tourism.(4)adapt authentic materials to make it more accessible and comprehensible by adding some proper authentic materials from different sources and tasks.(5)organize team activities based on authentic situations without changing the dialogue format in order to maintain redundancy of communication but in a real life focus.     

电商代运营商发展方向探析

在网购市场繁荣的同时,传统企业也纷纷试水电子商务。传统企业具有供应链资源和品牌优势,但基于相关电子商务经验的缺乏和各方面成本等因素的考量,大多数传统企业倾向于与电子商务代运营商开展合作。电商代运营商能为传统企业提供全套电子商务网站运营解决方案,使传统企业能专注于自身核心业务。随着运营经验的积累,电商代运营商将朝着规模化、专业化的方向发展。