高速冲击载荷下块体Zr基非晶合金断裂行为研究

利用自制高速冲击加载实验装置(ε104 s-1)研究了块体Zr基非晶合金的室温断裂行为;利用扫描电子显微镜对冲击后块体Zr基非晶合金进行微观形貌分析,对比研究了其在高速冲击载荷下ε约为102～103 s-1时断裂行为的差异.研究结果表明:高速冲击载荷下,块体Zr基非晶合金断面表现为类蜂窝状花样、胞腔状花样、脉状花样、熔覆和液滴等形貌;与ε约为102～103 s-1时相比,块体Zr基非晶合金在高速冲击载荷下的断口形貌更为粗糙,脉纹花样方向杂乱,主剪切带黏度降低程度更大,熔覆和液滴形貌尺寸更大,类蜂窝状花样底部具有微孔洞、非晶碎粒和裂纹.     

三维连通网状SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料动态变形特征

利用分离式霍普金森压杆装置,对三维连通网状SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料进行不同应变率下的动态压缩实验,采用扫描电子显微镜研究复合材料的动态变形特征和断口形貌.结果表明:复合材料的动态压缩强度随着打击速度的增加而增加;试样发生劈裂和剪切断裂,陶瓷相断口形貌为层片状、台阶式的解理断裂,非晶合金发生粘性流动,断口形貌复杂多样.在应变率＞104 s-1的冲击载荷下,非晶相表现为软化后的多重脊状条带.复合材料断口上大量的非晶球形液滴及非晶软化条带的发现表明,绝热温升在非晶变形与断裂过程中起重要作用.     

制备工艺对多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料准静态压缩性能的影响

利用WDW-E100D型万能试验机和S-4800场发射扫描电镜,研究了不同工艺制备的多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料的准静态压缩性能和断口形貌特征. 结果表明:制备工艺决定多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料的准静态压缩强度,当工艺参数非晶合金浇注温度为860℃,浇注后保温6min时最佳.多孔SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶合金复合材料的准静态压缩断裂为脆性断裂.断口形貌特征主要包括多孔SiC陶瓷产生解理台阶,Zr基非晶合金产生尖脊状、细脉状等不同形态的脉状花样.     

三维连通网状SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料室温单轴压缩断裂行为

在室温下,利用WDW-E100D万能试验机和SEM研究了三维连通网状结构SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料的准静态单轴压缩变形和断裂行为. 结果表明,复合材料的轴向压缩断裂强度达到了1270MPa,在压缩条件下复合材料的断裂发生在弹性变形阶段,断裂前观察不到塑性变形;试样发生纵向劈裂和剪切断裂;三维连通网状结构SiC陶瓷是主要的承载单元,断口形貌为层片状、台阶式的解理断裂;非晶合金发生粘性流动,在变形过程中形成纹脉状断口形貌,出现典型的热软化效应.     

钨丝/锆基非晶合金复合材料的动态力学特性

研究不同体积分数的W丝／Zr基非晶合金复合材料的应力—应变响应和动态断裂特征以及断口形貌．利用Hopkinson压杆冲击加载装置和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及X射线衍射(XRD)，对圆柱形复合材料试样进行了相关研究．研究结果表明：Zr基非晶合金复合材料具有很高的动态压缩强度，随着W丝体积分数的增加，材料的动态压缩强度也增加，当W丝体积分数达到60％时，复合材料动态压缩强度达到2650MPa；断裂表面呈现剪切与W丝劈裂、屈曲混合破坏模式；Zr基非晶体在动态压缩条件下出现了显著的热软化和熔化特征．     

Nb元素对Cu48Zr48Al4合金组织与性能的影响

以高纯铜锆金属母材为原料,采用铜模滴注的方法制备Cu Zr基非晶合金及其复合材料,并进行拉伸实验。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描量热分析仪对Cu48Zr48Al4和Cu44.8Zr48Al4Nb3.2合金进行结构表征和拉伸性能分析。结果表明:Nb元素微量添加能够改变Cu48Zr48Al4合金的组织形貌。Cu48Zr48Al4合金为非晶复合材料,抗拉强度较小、塑性微弱,断口呈现树枝脉络;Cu44.8Zr48Al4Nb3.2为非晶合金,具有较大的抗拉强度,没有塑性,断口为单一的塑坑形貌;两种合金断口表面均存在熔化现象,样品侧表面形成较少的剪切带。该研究为实际生产Cu Zr Al Nb非晶复合材料提供了基础数据。     

Zr50.5Cu36.5Ni4Al9块体非晶合金低温动态压缩特性

通过铜模铸造法制备Zr_50.5Cu_36.5Ni₄Al₉块体非晶合金. 利用分离式霍普金森杆（SHPB）,S-4800型扫描电镜等测试分析手段,研究Zr_50.5Cu_36.5Ni₄Al₉块体非晶合金在室温（25℃）和低温下（-40℃）动态压缩特性和断口形貌特征. 结果表明:在动态压缩载荷作用下,Zr_50.5Cu_36.5Ni₄Al₉块体非晶合金抗压强度随载荷增加而降低. 在-40℃低温条件下,动态抗压强度具有低温敏感性. 在室温条件下,Zr_50.5Cu_36.5Ni₄Al₉块体非晶合金断口微观形貌特征主要是脉状花样,伴随裂纹和非晶合金熔化现象;在-40℃ 低温条件下,Zr_50.5Cu_36.5Ni₄Al₉块体非晶合金微观形貌特征主要是鱼骨状花样.      

Zr基大块非晶合金制备轴承滚动体的应用研究

用Zr基大块非晶合金制备了2206型号轴承的滚动体。采用大载荷高速转动试验，进行了快速轴承疲劳寿命测试。结果显示，Zr基大块非晶合金轴承滚动体与GCr15轴承合金滚动体相比，轴承的失效形式不同，Zr基大块非晶合金轴承滚动体的耐磨性明显优于GCr15轴承合金滚动体。     

微合金化对原位复合材料组织与性能的影响

利用熔体原位反应法制备了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A356复合材料.研究了添加质量分数均为0.2%的Mn和Cr微合金元素对所制备的复合材料微观组织和室温力学性能的影响.SEM分析结果表明:添加微合金元素改善了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A356复合材料的微观组织,原位Al3Zr颗粒和初生α相得到了有效细化,尺寸大部分为2～3 μm,增强颗粒均匀分布在A356基体中,颗粒呈球形或椭球形.室温拉伸试验结果表明,添加微合金元素对复合材料的力学性能有一定程度的改善,其抗拉强度σb,屈服强度σs和延伸率δ较添加前分别提高了13.9%,16.9%和10.6%,达到326.1MPa,252.2 MPa和5.2%.SEM拉伸断口形貌分析表明,其断裂属于塑性断裂.     

高应变率下SiCp/Al的断口形貌和变形机制

利用Hopkinson压杆对采用无压浸渗法制备的高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料进行高应变率冲击压缩实验,研究了应变率对复合材料微观断口形貌的影响,分析了其在高应变率下的变形机制.结果表明：强度较高的复合材料有较强的产生变形局部化的倾向;同时,SiC颗粒尺寸对局部化的形成有明显影响,增强相颗粒尺寸较小（100μm）的复合材料更容易产生变形局部化,在高应变率压缩载荷下,无压浸渗高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料在增强相颗粒破裂的同时会出现基体的局部化变形,复合材料的损伤行为与材料中的增强相颗粒尺寸密切相关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that