节假日停车选择行为分析

根据居民的社会经济属性和出行特征,研究节假日停车选择的影响因素.以2013年清明节期间香山地区的居民出行调查和停车调查为基础,利用节假日交通特征,挖掘峰值出行需求条件下居民的活动特征和出行规律,并对居民出行和停车选择进行数据分析,建立节假日停车选择结构方程模型,探究节假日停车问题的诱因.研究表明,到达时间和逗留时间是影响停车选择的主要因素.同时,出行者对道路环境越熟悉,对停车情况越了解,出行方式越复杂,停车选择行为越多样.     

停车场内部泊车行为特性分析及最优泊位选择模型

在详细分析有无诱导条件下的停车场内部泊车行为异同的基础上,提出服务于车位引导系统的最优泊位选择模型.结合国内外微观泊车行为调查分析结果,确定了停车场内泊位选择过程中的主要影响因素,包括步行距离、行驶距离、安全性、遮荫时长和有效泊位两侧车辆占用情况等.将各影响因素视为泊位的多项属性,建立了基于灰熵的最优泊位选择模型,对某一时刻停车场内所有的空余有效泊位进行排序,确定最优泊位.实例分析表明,该模型客观、简单、实用,有助于车位引导系统为停车者选择实时的最优泊位.     

城市中心区路内停车累进计费定价模型

以上海中心区路内外停车场(库)停车者为研究对象,在分析影响停车选择行为的停车方式属性和停车者特征的基础上建立多项Logit模型和混合Logit模型以研究合理的路内停车累进计费结构,结果表明停车费率和步行时间等因素对路内外停车选择起到了关键作用,停车者对费率具有很强的异质性,并且首小时停车费率富有弹性,而自第2小时开始缺乏弹性.最后根据85%的路内车位占用率,并结合上海市路内停车累进计费政策提出新的路内外停车收费结构,以期达到降低路内车位占用率和减少路内长时停车数量的目的.     

停车泊位有限供给条件下最佳停车泊位规模

为了确定城市中心区的合理停车泊位数量,使之既能满足基本出行需要,又能抑制过量出行造成路网拥堵,首先对停车泊位有限供给条件下驾驶员出行行为进行了分析,划分了不同驾驶员属性以反映不同驾驶员的出行意愿与决策特征,并在此基础上构建了最佳泊位规模优化模型,以使得在道路网络最大容量允许范围内可满足的停车总需求最大并做到泊位利用最大化.介绍了模型求解算法,数值算例表明,通过该模型的优化可确定城市中心区的最佳停车泊位数量,为停车需求管理提供科学依据.     

社会资本参与老旧小区改造行为意愿研究——基于拓展计划行为理论视角

资金筹措已成为老旧小区改造可持续发展的重要因素,针对社会资本参与老旧小区改造积极性不高的问题,本文基于计划行为理论,同时引入政府和居民两个变量因素,对社会资本参与老旧改造的行为意愿进行研究,运用结构方程模型分析了影响因素及其之间的作用机理。研究表明：行为态度和知觉行为控制均直接正向影响行为意愿;并且在政府和居民因素对行为意愿的影响中起中介作用,进而影响其参与意愿。     

群体诱导信息下驾驶员响应行为的辨识与建模

提出一种利用实测宏观交通数据定量分析群体诱导信息下驾驶员路径选择行为的新方法.利用上海市快速路监控中心和路由控制示范工程数据库的交通数据,重构可变信息标志(variable message sign,VMS)信息下的交通出行场景,分析VMS信息作用下驾驶员路径选择行为,建立了一个集计的群体诱导信息响应行为Probit模型.结果表明:驾驶员在VMS信息影响下的路径选择行为除了和信息内容有关外,还与时段、下匝道交通状态、拥挤可视性、有无协调分流等因素有关,可为主动式智能交通诱导系统的构建和信息发布策略的制定提供依据.     

基于非齐次泊松过程的共享停车场运营策略

为缓解因城市某些地区、某些时间段停车供需不平衡的问题,将居住区内空闲车位进行共享的解决方法已引起多方的关注。在居住区实施共享停车时,需考虑车位提供者与社会停车用户的时空冲突问题。本文首先基于实际停车行为数据,假设车位提供者返回过程呈非齐次泊松过程;其次,以居住区共享停车为运营场景,居住区停车场车位共享率和管理者收益最大化为目标,构建了相应的数学优化模型;最后,设计了粒子群求解算法,通过数值实验,分析该场景下的最优运营策略。结果表明：(1)社会停车用户的最大离开速率在其占车位总数的四分之一左右时,管理者总收益最大;(2)随着车位提供者车位返回速率突变时间的改变,要使得总收益及车位共享率最优,第一阶段变更共享策略时间设置在车位提供者返回速率突变时间前三十分钟内,第二阶段变更共享策略时间应设置在车位提供者返回速率突变时间后一小时五十分钟以内为宜。     

居住区共享停车场运营策略

为缓解城市停车供需不平衡的困境,将居住区内空闲时段的车位共享的停车管理模式引起了广泛关注.然而,在共享车位管理策略的制定方面,对如何避免返回的车位提供者与社会停车用户之间的停车时空冲突问题却重视不足.在总结和考虑车位提供者不同的返回规律的前提下,以停车场内共享车位的共享率和管理者的收益最大化为目标,构建相应的居住区车位共享运营策略的数学优化模型.通过数值实验对构建的模型的有效性进行分析.结果表明:当管理者拒绝用户冲突时,若车位提供者的返回速率与社会停车用户离开速率相近时,变更共享策略时间逐渐趋于稳定;当管理者可接受一定概率用户冲突时,停车场内总车位数量越多,则越需要将变更共享策略时间提前.     

先进的停车诱导系统实施策略研究

随着城市的飞速发展,停车难已经成为困扰世界各大城市的难题.以提高停车泊位使用率和减少寻找停车泊位带来的无效交通为目的,在分析国内外对停车诱导系统的研究与应用情况基础上,论述了停车诱导系统的目标、功能及框架结构,结合我国实际情况,提出了基于车位预定和多级诱导方式的停车诱导手段,并对必要的政策支持进行了探讨.     

住宅小区车位车库租售管理研究

针对目前小区车位需求急剧扩大,住宅小区停车位供不应求。住宅小区的车位、车库也成为开发商和全体业主争夺的对象,相关纠纷也日渐增多。论文以广州住宅小区为例,提出住宅小区停车设施管理方面的建议,提高住宅小区停车管理水平,缓解小区停车难的问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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