水能系统调度的多目标多模型方法及其应用

水能系统的调度可以抽象为多目标多模型系统.这一系统可以由递阶结构模型来统一.从抽象的结构模型和模型系统的具体结构特点出发，提出了交互式递阶控制方法.针对陕西水火电网，建立了水能系统的补偿调节子模型和水火电网最优运行子模型，并按照理想参考点理论建立了聚合模型.求解结果证明了这一方法的可行性.     

基于遗传算法的分布式入侵检测模型研究

基于主机的入侵检测系统和基于网络的入侵检测系统各有优缺点，所以人们提出基于网络且同时基于主机的入侵检测系统，即分布式入侵检测系统。文章提出一个新型的基于遗传算法的分布式入侵检测模型。由于Agent收集的数据既可以是主机上，也可以是网络上的，所以本模型是属于分布式入侵检测模型。后面进行了遗传算法检测的试验，并且给出了实验结果，实验结果证明使用遗传算法可以有效的进行检测，并且可以提高检测的正确率。     

一个流行病模型研究

讨论易感者不仅可以转为患病者，学可转为免疫者，同时，患病者也可以转为免疫者的流行病模型，首先研究确定性模型，建立常微分方程系统，然后研究随机模型，求出状态概率，而且证明了两模型的一致性。     

注塑模浇注系统智能设计的一种混合知识模型

浇注系统是注塑模最关键的功能结构之一，根据浇注系统设计知识的特点，提出了一种混合连接主义和符号主义的知识模型，并采用基于框架—规则的方式来表达．这种混合知识模型既可以表达模糊性知识，也可以表达隐式和显式知识．以此知识模型为基础，在Pro／E软件平台上，开发了浇注系统智能设计原型系统，并以一个实例验证此知识模型和原型系统的有效性和适用性．     

基于信号循环平稳模型的抗单音干扰算法

直接序列扩频通信系统解扩以前采用干扰抑制算法，可以显著增强抗窄带干扰性能，常用的干扰抑制方法为扩频信号建立的是平稳模型，但扩频信号是循环平稳信号，为此，建立了扩频信号的循环平稳模型，较平稳模型能保留更多信息，基于循环平稳模型提出了一种新的抗干扰算法，以研究抗单音干扰性能，实验证明，对于伪随机码长度为1024的扩频系统，在误码率要求为10^-4时，采用该算法扩频通信系统抗单音干扰容限可以提高2.5dB。     

考虑随机激励的电力系统机电暂态过程模型

针对电力系统机电暂态过程，构建考虑随机激励的简化模型。给出单机无穷大系统和两机电力系统机电暂态过程随机模型，并基于EEAC理论构建多机电力系统机电暂态过程等效随机模型。结果表明，在较强假设下，多机电力系统机电暂态过程随机模型可以简化为等效的单机无穷大系统模型，模型参数分为常数和时变两种情况，随机激励可以表达为多频率随机激励的叠加。最后，给出仿真算例。算例表明，在随机激励下，功角曲线呈现出有规律的振荡，且其基本上是一个频率。     

分布式实时系统的一种系统模型

提出了一种能捕获进程级数据流和控制流的系统模型。这种模型可以处理系统数据相关性和控制相关性，更好地进行进程的调度，满足分布式实时系统的实时性。     

多体系统中位移近似与模型修正

在建立多体系统动力学模型过程中，根据系统广义坐标的取值范围可以给出位移矢量的合理近似，但按照近似位移求得的速度和加速度却往往没有合理的精度，从而造成系统动力学模型的误差。利用约束的力学性质将系统位移所在的空间分解为互相正交的子空间，通过研究系统速度和加速度在这两个子空间的性质，提出了修正系统动力学模型的有效方法。     

神经网络在非线性系统参数辨识中应用

要对非线性系统进行控制，必须掌握其模型．介绍一种辨识非线性系统模型的方法，该方法利用多层神经网络可以逼近任何非线性函数这一理论，提出针对非线性系统构造神经网络模型，并给出一种实用的BP算法．最后通过仿真实验，证明该方法切实可行．     

鱼类的感官——对自然刺激的感应与适应

本书以鱼类作为模型，阐述了进化发展如何造就多种多样的感官系统。书中提出了三个选择鱼类作为模型的理由：第一，“鱼类”由众多不同种类的动物构成，有着不同的感官系统，可以适应不同的环境条件；第二，“鱼类”拥有比许多动物更为丰富的感官，不仅拥有人类的所有感官，而且，还至少比人类多出三种感官；第三，“鱼类”处于脊椎动物进化的基础阶段，可以被视为是所有脊椎动物进化的模型系统，包括它的感官系统和适应性进化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the