基于极化合成孔径雷达数据的桥梁检测

为了对遥感合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中桥梁目标进行自动检测,在极化散射矩阵参数的基础上,提出了一种寻找河流地区对比参数的方法:将总功率、极化熵、相似性参数等参数进行加权组合,利用特征值分析方法求取最优加权系数,从而得到对河流特征敏感的参数组合表达式。进而利用该表达式对河流地区进行了分类实验,对分类结果应用图形形态学方法处理后形成水域模板。在此基础上将水域模板对敏感参数图像覆盖后,对河上桥梁目标进行了自动检测。采用PI-SAR型的雷达的全极化数据进行实验,获得了良好的检测效果,和只使用功率数据进行桥梁检测相比,原来检测不出来的桥梁目标都明显显现出来。实验结果表明,综合利用全极化SAR信息在遥感应用中可以更好的检测和识别目标。     

基于干涉极化SAR数据的森林树高反演

将C1oude极化干涉散射模型和ESPRIT算法结合来降低森林参数反演的运算量.利用ESPRIT算法对Cloude模型中的散射相位中心进行估计,再将估计得到的散射相位中心代入Cloude模型,从而得到树木高度等参数.采用中国天山地区SIR-C/X-SAR L波段全极化干涉数据对森林地区植被树高进行了反演实验.实验表明,与直接采用Cloude的极化干涉模型进行反演相比,在反演精度不变的情况下,运算时间仅是单独使用Cloude模型的1%～2%.     

高分辨率SAR遥感综合实验与应用示范年度报告

该报告介绍了2013年度该课题在机载极化干涉SAR系统构建、高分辨率SAR遥感综合实验、高分辨率SAR遥感应用示范软件开发等方面的研发进展。在机载极化干涉SAR系统构建方面,完成了X-波段干涉SAR传感器的研制,进行了SAR系统的实验室联调测试和机载校飞试验。先后在四川若尔盖实验区和大兴安岭根河实验区开展了高分辨率SAR遥感综合实验,共获取8 619.8km2,约28.5TB的机载X-波段双天线In SAR和P-波段极化SAR数据,完成了所获取SAR数据的预处理;获取了覆盖大兴安岭根河实验区的多时相Radarsat-2极化SAR和Landsat-8多光谱卫星遥感数据;组织来自项目8家课题承担/协作单位的50多人次,参加了遥感同步、准同步调查工作,获取了森林叶面积指数(LAI)、农田植被参数、土壤参数、气象参数以及土地覆盖类别等的地面实况数据。在高分辨率SAR软件开发方面,已初步完成地形测绘、土地利用分类、植被覆盖类型分类和森林植被垂直结构参数估测等软件模块原型的开发,正在按统一的语言和标准进行完善和集成,以尽快形成界面友好的高分辨率SAR应用示范软件,为2014年的应用示范工作开展提供软件支撑。     

基于变量分析和粒子群优化加权随机森林的交通事件检测方法

为了提高高速公路交通事件检测的效果,首先从交通流基本参数、交通流组合参数、不同区间交通流参数对交通事件参数的变化进行全面的分析,构建交通事件初始特征变量集,并利用AdaBoost算法、梯度提升树(GBDT)算法、随机森林(RF)算法对初始特征变量进行筛选,通过三种方法综合比较分析得出最终的重要变量.对随机森林中的决策树进行加权计算,构建加权随机森林,并利用粒子群(PSO)算法优化加权随机森林模型.通过采集的高速公路交通事件数据进行对比分析,实验结果表明,在交通事件初始特征变量中筛选出重要变量,对检测的精度有所提高,加权随机森林的检测性能也要优于传统的支持向量机(SVM)和随机森林.     

遥感技术在森林健康研究中的应用

遥感技术以提供宏观、连续、动态的信息为森林健康研究提供了有效的技术平台.森林植被的健康状态可以通过提取遥感光谱数据及植被参数进行判断和区别,以便于精确、实时地掌握森林健康发生、发展的现状.文章在综合阐述国内外基于遥感技术进行森林健康研究的现状的基础上,结合遥感数据综合性的特征,提出国内外森林健康遥感研究应向高分率、高光谱遥感影像处理技术、模型反演研究方法以及遥感监测预警等方面的发展趋势.     

基于极化干涉SAR的植被高度反演算法对比分析

极化干涉SAR综合了干涉SAR和极化SAR的优点,被广泛应用于植被高度的反演。对已有的四种基于极化干涉SAR的植被高度反演算法进行了论述,利用PoLSARpor进行仿真数据实验,对比分析了四种植被高度反演算法的优缺点及其适用范围。最后指出极化干涉SAR技术有待进一步研究的方向和问题。为选取基于极化干涉SAR的植被高度反演算法提供参考。     

基于多源遥感数据协同的河南省矿山环境信息提取研究

为了改善河南省矿山地质环境动态监测技术,提高矿产资源科学管理水平,利用高分辨率遥感卫星影像和InSAR数据,使用最优分割参数法和随机森林分类法提取河南省矿山区地质环境要素信息;利用多时相InSAR叠加分析法辅助矿山地质灾害解译,完善河南省矿产区地质环境遥感解译体系.研究结果表明,利用影像信息层次结构优先分离和随机森林分类提取分离后的环境要素的方法所提取的信息分类精度可达89%;利用二轨道差分干涉图辅助分析矿山地质灾害,能够进一步提高矿山地质环境解译准确度.     

极化雷达与光学遥感森林雪灾破坏协同监测

以贵州省扎佐林场为例,利用全极化雷达与光学遥感数据进行森林雪灾破坏状况协同监测,分析了倒伏森林与健康森林的后向散射特性及其差异,重点分析了倒伏森林与健康森林的极化响应特征、散射机制及其差异。基于雪灾破坏前后森林的散射机制变化,利用Freeman-Durden分解方法对倒伏森林进行了识别。为了进一步优化识别效果,引入了高分辨率光学数据,采用优选的融合方法, 将雷达与光学遥感数据融合,得到了较好的倒伏森林识别效果。研究结果表明,利用雷达与光学遥感数据协同监测森林雪灾破坏是可行的,而全极化雷达遥感数据在森林类型识别和森林破坏监测方面具有独特的优势,在我国西南地区的森林资源调查和灾害监测中具有广阔的应用前景。     

DEM辅助的InSAR零中频处理基线估计方法

为了提高无地面控制点信息和精密轨道数据时合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)基线估计的精确性和实用性,借鉴零中频矢量滤波的思想,提出了数字高程模型(DEM)辅助的InSAR零中频处理基线估计方法.该方法利用卫星轨道法估计基线参数初值,并根据该基线参数值,由低精度DEM模拟覆盖区的干涉图,将模拟干涉图与原始干涉图做差分处理得到差分干涉图.以零中频为判别依据,对差分干涉图进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT)基线估计,获取基线参数初值的改正量,并修正基线参数初值,通过迭代直至差分干涉图的二维中心频率接近于0.利用甘肃兰州地区和伊朗BAM地区ENVISAT ASAR数据进行了验证,实验结果表明:利用该方法能有效进行基线估计,可得到与精密轨道基线估计方法相近的结果,具有不依赖于精密轨道参数和地面控制点的优势.     

东北主要高大落叶乔木单叶的偏振特性研究

利用二向反射光度计实测了6月初东北森林群落中5种主要高大落叶乔木单叶的偏振反射比数据,并对此数据进行了分析,得出了各树种单叶的偏振反射特征,为偏振光遥感、多角度遥感的深入研究与应用提供了科学依据.并且对植被遥感特别是森林遥感也提供了一种新的尝试.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with