柴油机两层8孔喷油器各孔喷油规律模拟验证

建立了某上、下两层分布8孔喷油器喷嘴内部流动三维模型,通过基于动量法的各孔喷油规律测试系统同时计算和分析了各个喷油孔的喷油规律和循环喷油量,并对此三维计算模型仿真结果进行验证.相同工况下,数值模拟所得各喷孔喷油速率曲线与试验实际测量曲线变化趋势较一致,对喷油器各孔循环喷油量的试验结果与数值模拟结果进行相对误差分析,其相...     

新型共轨电控喷油器的开发

提出并成功开发了一种基于新型工作原理的共轨式电控喷油器,适用于低黏度燃料(二甲醚,甲醇等)的缸内直喷.建立了相应的电磁和液力动态仿真模型,通过仿真计算,研究了喷油器的电磁结构参数及液力参数对动态电磁力和喷油特性的影响,得出确定这些参数的原则.样机试验与仿真结果的对比表明:实际喷油器的开启响应时间为0.7,ms,比仿真结果略长,实际关闭响应时间0.7,ms,与仿真结果十分接近;仿真模型可以较好地预测油量特性的变化趋势,在大油量时仿真喷油量与实际喷油量误差较小.     

压电式共轨系统喷油量压力波动修正策略研究

为了解决压电式高压共轨喷油系统多次喷射过程中,水击效应引起的压力波动导致后续喷射油量波动的问题,设计了基于集总模型的周期函数喷油量压力波动修正策略.在此修正策略中,以一个由多个参数共同决定的周期函数来表征喷油量的波动特性,通过调节相关的喷射参数,最终实现对喷油量的补偿修正.实验结果表明,设计的集总模型计算结果与实验结果有很好的一致性,所设计的修正策略能够在很大程度上减少喷油量波动的幅度,从而保证了多次喷射过程中每次喷油量的一致性.     

高压共轨喷油器内非稳态流动数值模拟

针对高压共轨喷油器内部非稳态流动现象,建立起瞬态流动的物理-数学模型,采用模块化分析方法进行了瞬态数值模拟．通过与试验结果的比较,验证了数值计算模型的准确性．在此基础上通过变参数数值模拟,分析了电磁阀通电时间、共轨压力、控制室进出口节流孔孔径及针阀弹簧预紧力对喷油过程的影响．结果表明：高压共轨喷油器不同结构参数对其动态特性、喷油率及循环喷油量等性能指标有很大的影响．其中,控制室进出口节流孔孔径的合理匹配和组合对获得良好的喷油特性尤为关键;燃油喷射系统要实现预喷,电磁铁的响应速度必须非常快．     

柴油机电控组合泵系统喷油特性分析

针对某中速柴油机燃油系统电控化改造,采用IFR600喷油规律测量仪,研究了喷孔直径、高压油管尺寸、泵出口节流、喷射背压和喷油器针阀开启压力对喷油规律、喷油量、循环喷油量波动及喷射延迟的影响.结果表明:采用0.26 mm喷孔直径时,喷油规律较好、喷射压力高,循环喷油量的波动小;采用新高压油管、有泵出口节流和高针阀开启压力时,喷油速率和喷油量均减小,但泵出口节流引起喷油量下降较大,且喷射压力下降,不宜采用;喷射背压增大会引起喷油速率减小,实际喷油规律与测量得到的喷油规律不同;泵出口节流和高压油管尺寸对循环喷油量波动的影响显著;各因素对喷射延迟均有影响,但开始喷射延迟的变化小于结束喷射延迟.试验分析结果为该柴油机电控燃油系统的结构参数优化提供相关的理论依据.     

电控喷射系统喷油器压力波动仿真分析

利用仿真软件GT-Suite建立了电控共轨式燃油喷射系统仿真模型,通过实验验证了仿真模型的准确性并且进行了简单对比分析。通过改变共轨式喷油器结构参数,即喷孔数量、进油节流孔直径以及针阀质量进行仿真计算。利用仿真结果分析,探讨喷油器结构参数对共轨喷油系统压力波动的影响,为共轨喷油器的优化设计提供有效依据。     

基于容积法的喷油器流量检测系统的研究

为提高FAI(Free Armature Injection,自由电枢喷射)电控燃油喷射系统的精度,需探求电喷单元实际喷油量与喷射脉宽之间的关系。根据容积法的检测原理搭建了电控喷油器智能检测平台,通过测量在恒压状态下喷射一定容积的燃油所消耗的时间来获得喷油器的单次喷射量。采用Lab VIEW软件设计了上位机软件,使用FAI喷油器在该检测系统上进行流量特性测试,找出流量特性曲线的线性阶段,并进行不同驱动电压下的流量特性测试,为喷油器电压波动的补偿提供参考。试验结果显示,该FAI喷油器在喷油脉宽4 400~6 800μs内呈良好的线性关系;随着驱动电压的增大,电喷单元无效喷射时间减小,线性阶段曲线斜率变化不大,分别为:2.64、2.67、2.63、2.65、2.65、2.80,表明针阀完全打开后喷射量受驱动电压波动的影响不大。     

高压共轨多次喷射油量波动现象分析

采用实验测量与数值模拟研究相结合的方法,研究了共轨燃油喷射系统动力学的基本原理,重点关注多次喷射过程中,水击现象造成的随间歇时间变化的喷射油量波动现象.利用AMES im软件建立的高压共轨燃油系统模型进行仿真,分析了多次喷射过程中,水击压力波动影响下的喷油器控制腔、蓄压腔液力过程和控制球阀、针阀运动规律.结果表明,高压共轨多次喷射油量波动是由于水击压力波动对针阀运动特性和喷射压力产生的周期性综合影响造成的.     

电控喷油器喷射量特性小喷油脉宽非线性段研究

分析了电控喷油器喷射量特性小喷油脉宽非线性段的特性形态,设计了高精度测量小喷油脉宽非线性段的实验装置,以高阻型喷油器为例,精确测量了该喷油器小喷油脉宽非线性段的喷射特性,并研究了驱动电压和供油油压对其特性的影响,最后对小喷油脉宽非线性段进行了数值拟合,为汽油机电控喷油系统的设计打下了良好基础.     

可调靴形喷油规律的燃烧排放性能仿真研究

以改善大功率柴油机的燃烧与排放性能为目标,提出一种柔性可调的靴形喷油规律。利用Amesim软件建立包括共轨腔、增压泵和喷油器的超高压共轨系统仿真模型,研究可调靴形喷油规律曲线的实现方法。分析靴形喷油规律对柴油机燃烧排放性能的影响。研究结果表明:通过改变超高压共轨系统中增压泵的电磁阀开闭时刻可以实现靴形喷油规律的柔性可调;靴形喷油规律在燃烧排放性能比传统矩形喷油规律表现出更大的潜力和优越性;适当增大靴形喷油规律的喷油提前角有助于改善燃烧;靴形喷油规律匹配较大的预喷油量和预喷提前角可以提高燃油与缸内空气的混合程度,具有较好的排放效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with