Pre-peak on the structure factor of liquid hypoeutectic Al-Fe alloy

Using a θ-θ X ray diffractometer the structure of liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy at 675℃ and its change with different thermal histories are investigated . Liquid Al is used as a reference system. It is found that a pre peak appears on the small angle part of the structure factor of the nonsuperheated hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy, but disappears after superheating whereas the structure factors of liquid Al hardly change with the different thermal histories, and no pre peak can be observed on them. The appearance of a pre peak is a mark of the intermediate range order (IRO). The pre peak is taken as the correlation between Fe atoms on the IRO length scale. Assume that the crystalline structure is the first order approximation of the liquid structure. A model structure is constructed. The basic unit is a cube formed by 8 Al atoms on its corner and one Fe atom occupying its center. The translation of such a unit along its fourbody diagonals by the length of a diagonal can meet the requirement of the Fe_Fe distance and gives a DO 3 like structure. If the vacancy among the units is filled with fcc like Al cells, the composition of the entity is about Al 7Fe, close to that of the metastable phase Al 6Fe from rapid solidification. It is speculated that there are Al 6Fe like clusters in the liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy.     

Oxidation behavior of the Fe-36Al-0.09C-0.09B-0.04Zr alloy at 1250°C

To explore and study the Fe-Al system alloy presenting exceptional oxidation resistance at high temperature, the Fe-36Al-0.09C-0.09B-0.04Zr alloy was designed and developed. The microstructure and hardness of the backing at 1250°C were analyzed and measured. Thermodynamics and kinetics of the oxidation behavior were also analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The results show that the microstructure of the Fe-36Al-0.09C-0.09B-0.04Zr alloy is FeAl phase at ambient temperature and is stable at 1250°C. It displays the excellent property of oxidation resistance because the oxide film has only the Al₂O₃ layer, and its oxidation kinetics curve obeys the parabolic law at 1250°C. The oxidation mechanism at 1250°C is presumed that in the early oxidation period, the alloy oxidizes to form a large number of Al₂O₃ and a little Fe₂O₃, then, the enrichment of Al caused by Fe oxidization combines with O to form Al₂O₃.     

稀土Ce对Zn-Al-Mg合金组织和耐蚀性能的影响

以Zn-Al-Mg合金为基体,加入不同比例的稀土Ce熔炼成Zn-Al-Mg-Ce合金.通过热处理细化合金组织后,在wNaCl＝3.5%的溶液(25 ℃)中进行极化曲线测量和浸泡腐蚀试验, 采用金相显微镜和电子探针观察其显微组织变化和腐蚀形貌.结果表明,稀土Ce可以显著地细化Zn-Al-Mg合金组织,并随着wCe的增加,合金晶粒变小.在wNaCl＝3.5%常温溶液中,稀土Zn-Al-Mg-Ce合金的自腐蚀电流比Zn-Al-Mg合金自腐蚀电流要小:当wCe＝0.35%时,自腐蚀电流最小,合金的耐蚀性能最好:当wCe＝0.64%时,自腐蚀电流变大,合金耐蚀性降低.稀土Ce的最佳含量为0.35%.     

液态In-49.1Sn合金结构的分形特征

文章在X-Ray衍射实验的基础上,把分形理论用于分析高温液态In-49.1Sn结构,发现其结构是一种多度域分形结构.通过分形分析可知短程序中的原子排布构成了低维分形结构,而远程无序状态的原子排布构成了高维分形结构.低维分形结构影响和决定了整个液态结构.     

二元合金熔体结构转变过程的动力学行为

文章采用电阻率法研究了PbSn、InSn、InPb等二元合金熔体在保温条件下的结构转变动力学过程,并探讨其动力学特征与微观物理机制.分析表明二元合金熔体中结构转变过程是一个新相生成、旧相消失的动力学过程,并符合"形核-长大"类型,其中液相中新结构原子团簇的"形核率"为转变速率的主导控制因素,且存在2类不同的动力学转变模...     

Observation of etch pits in Fe-36wt%Ni Invar alloy

To indirectly investigate the dislocation behavior of Fe-36wt%Ni Invar alloy by the etch pit method, polished Invar specimens were etched by a solution containing 4 g copper sulfate, 20 mL hydrochloric acid, and 20 mL deionized water for 2 min. Etch pits in the etched surfaces were observed. All the etch pits in one specific grain exhibited similar shapes, which are closely related to the grain orientations. These etch pits were characterized as dislocation etch pits. It was observed that etch pits arranged along grain boundaries, gathered at grain tips and strip-like etch pit clusters passed through a number of grains in the pure Invar specimens. After the addition of a small amount of alloying elements, the identification of a single dislocation etch pit is challenging compared with the pure Invar alloy. Thus, the observation of etch pits facilitates the investigation on the dislocation behavior of the pure Invar alloy. In addition, alloying elements may affect the densities and sizes of etch pits.     

Study on the polarization effect by Ce doping in MnSb alloy

Using discrete variationalX _α method within the local-density-functional theory and cluster models, the electronic structure and magnetic property of MnSb(Ce) are investigated. It is found that Sb-5p state is much polarized by Ce doping. The spin moment of Sb changes from −0.06μ _s in MnSb to −0.32μ _s in Mnsb(Ce). The interaction between Mn and doped Ce is small compared with that between Sb and Ce in MnSb(Ce). The influence to the magneto-optical property of MnSb by the doped Ce is discussed. It is expected that the Sb-5p polarization caused by Ce will make MnSb(Ce) a promising magneto-optical material. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Zhang Long: born in Nov. 1972, Master     

Cu-60Fe-12Cr合金在含Cl-介质中的电化学腐蚀行为

利用动电位扫描法,结合电化学交流阻抗技术研究了用粉末冶金(PM)技术制备的Cu-60FFe-12Cr合金在含Cl-腐蚀介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明合金在单一Na2SO4介质中具有较低的腐蚀电流,腐蚀速度较慢,而在含Cl-腐蚀介质中,自腐蚀电位不同程度负移,膜电阻减小,腐蚀速度加快;合金在含Cl-介质中腐蚀电化学阻抗谱在呈单容抗弧特征,没有出现Warburg阻抗的性质,腐蚀过程由电化学反应控制;加入Cl-后,极化电阻减小;腐蚀过程中存在一定弥散效应.     

Non-equilibrium segregation of boron on grain boundary in Fe-30%Ni alloy

The moving boundary non-equilibrium segregation during recrystallization and the influence of pre-deformation in Fe-30%Ni Alloy at1000℃ was investigated by the PTA (particle tracking autoradiography) technique, optical and electron microscopy. The results indicated that intensity of boron segregation on moving boundary after different deformation is concerned with the pre-deformation degree and the movingspeed of the boundary. The TEM (transmission electron microscopy) result showed that the dislocation density nearby the moving boundary increase obviously. The phenomena are discussed by the widening grain boundary mechanism.     

Temperature dependence of the static structure factor of the non-simple liquid metal,Cd

Report a calculation of the static structure factors at any temperature for the non-simple liquid metal Cd by the method of model parameter based on the hard sphere cluster (HSC) model. In comparison with available experimental data, the theoretical results are in good agreement with experiments. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Ren Dazhi: bron in Nov. 1948, Lecturer     

Cu-60Fe-12Cr合金在含Cl~-介质中的电化学腐蚀行为

利用动电位扫描法,结合电化学交流阻抗技术研究了用粉末冶金(PM)技术制备的Cu 60Fe 12Cr合金在含Cl-腐蚀介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:合金在单一Na2SO4介质中具有较低的腐蚀电流,腐蚀速度较慢,而在含Cl-腐蚀介质中,自腐蚀电位不同程度负移,膜电阻减小,腐蚀速度加快;合金在含Cl-介质中腐蚀电化学阻抗谱在呈单容抗弧特征,没有出现Warburg阻抗的性质,腐蚀过程由电化学反应控制;加入Cl-后,极化电阻减小;腐蚀过程中存在一定弥散效应.     

稀土元素Ce在新型铸造铝合金中的作用研究

利用电子显微镜等现代测试技术手段,研究了稀土元素Ce含量不同的情况下,新型铸造铝合金微观组织结构变化情况,分析了这些变化与合金力学性能之间的相互关系.结果表明,稀土元素Ce的加入对该铝合金的微观组织、相结构,晶粒大小,杂质元素的含量以及夹杂物的数量和分布,时效析出产物的类型和大小等,都产生了较大的影响,进而影响了该合金的力学性能;其次,适量稀土Ce的加入可以使该合金具有较高强度的同时又具有较好的塑性,以及良好的强塑性配合.图8,表1,参12.     

Fe-0.06C-12Cr-1.9W-0.5Mo-3.0Co-VNbN耐热钢的显微组织分析

为进一步提高铁氏体/马氏体耐热钢的高温蠕变强度,试验研究了一种含钴的新型高铬耐热钢:Fe-0.06C-12Cr-1.9W-0.5Mo-3.0Co-VNbN.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析研究了该耐热钢在正火回火状态和650℃长期时效过程中的显微组织.结果表明:在1 100℃×1h正火处理 700℃×1h回火处理状态,钢的显微组织为板条状回火马氏体,在原奥氏体晶界和板条界上有M23C6型碳化物析出,在板条内分布有纳米尺寸的MX相;在650℃长期时效过程中有Laves相(Fe2W)和Z相(CrVNbN)析出,Laves相在原奥氏体晶界和板条界析出.钢的硬度随着时效时间的延长先增加后降低.     

Microstructural evolution in the surface of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy by solution treatments

By solution treatments in vacuum and in air,the surface region of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al exhibits different microstructures from the interior region of the alloy.When solution treated in vacuum,the microstructure of the specimen is composed of dominant β phase and a few of α " martensite in surface region,with a large amount of α" martensite and a little of β phase in interior.When solution treated in air,the specimen is characterized by dominant surficial a phase and interior β phase.In addition,the lattice parameter evolutions of a and β phases were observed in the surface region of the specimens by solution treatment in air.The mechanism for the surface effects is discussed in light of the structural stability and phase evolution in Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with solution treatments.     

冲蚀角度对Fe-2.5B耐锌液腐蚀性能的影响

将试样装夹在自制的预设一定冲蚀角度的转盘上进行锌液冲蚀试验,实现流动锌液对试样冲蚀表面0°、30°、60°和90°冲蚀角下的冲刷腐蚀。结果表明:在圆盘转速为70r/min,冲蚀时间为24h的条件下,Fe-2.5B合金(质量分数,%)的冲蚀率随冲蚀角度的增加而逐渐降低,并在高角度下呈现急剧降低的趋势;而316L不锈钢的冲蚀率在冲蚀角为30°时最大,冲蚀角为90°时最小,表现出典型韧性材料的冲蚀率特性。Fe-2.5B合金在流动锌液中的冲蚀率仅为316L不锈钢的33%~38%,其优异耐锌液冲蚀性能依赖于Fe-B合金中网状Fe2B相对流动锌液的阻挡效应。同时,一定韧性相基体的存在对Fe2B在冲蚀过程中起到支撑作用,进而表现出该合金中两相结构在锌液冲蚀中的"腐蚀协同效应"。此外,冲蚀角度的增加造成锌液流速在试样表面的切向冲刷分量弱化而法向冲击分量强化,这使得冲刷对最外层疏松ζ-FeZn13相的移除作用减弱。强的传质过程随冲蚀角度的增加不断弱化,从而使网络状组织结构的Fe-B合金在锌液中的冲蚀率明显降低。     

Hastelloy C-276合金脉冲激光焊接熔池流动行为分析

根据传热学和流体力学基本原理建立瞬态Nd:YAG脉冲激光焊接熔池三维数值分析模型,研究Hastelloy C-276合金薄板脉冲激光焊接过程中熔池液态金属流动的基本规律.利用Fluent软件,采用有限容积法求解控制方程,用SIMPLE算法处理压力与速度耦合.引入Ma来评价焊接熔池的流动特性,并指出了焊接熔池中出现重熔轮廓线的原因.通过与实测温度场对比,验证了所建模型的准确性.模拟分析表明:脉冲激光焊接过程中存在较微弱的Marangoni对流现象;牛顿剪切应力的存在使熔池表层流体对流剧烈.此模型可为Hastelloy C-276合金薄板脉冲激光焊接熔池流体流动行为分析提供理论依据.     

基于正电子湮没寿命谱研究Fe-6.5wt.%Si合金中热空位的生成

正电子湮没技术（PAT）是一种无损伤的材料探测技术,它可以反映正电子所在处电子密度或电子动量分布的信息.由于正电子对原子尺度的缺陷非常敏感,所以正电子湮没技术（PAT）是研究纯金属及金属间化合物中热空位生成的有效工具.基于正电子寿命谱技术对金属间化合物Fe-6.5wt.%Si合金热轧板在不同温度退火后缺陷变化进行研究,发现了正电子平均寿命在673K左右迅速增加,673至1073K温度范围内平均正电子寿命的温度曲线为明显的S形状,1073K以上平均正电子寿命趋于常数,通过分析正电子平均寿命的温度变化曲线,得到了Fe-6.5wt.%Si合金中热空位生成的临界温度值,并计算得到了该合金的空位生成激活焓为HVF=0.54eV.     

Effect of austenitization heat treatment on the magnetic properties of Fe-40wt% Ni-2wt% Mn alloy

The effect of austenitization heat treatment on magnetic properties was examined by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy on an Fe-40wt%Ni-2wt%Mn alloy. The morphology of the alloy was obtained by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) under different heat treatment conditions. The magnetic behavior of the non heat-treated alloy is ferromagnetic. A mixed magnetic structure including both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic states was obtained at 800℃ after 6 and 12 h heat treatments. In addition, the magnetic structure of the heat-treated alloy at 1150℃ for 12 h was ferromagnetic. With the volume fraction changing, the effective hyperfine field of the ferromagnetic austenite phase and isomery shift values were also determined by Mtssbauer spectroscopy.     

Ce对Fe-Ni膨胀合金凝固组织的影响

Ce对Fe-Ni膨胀合金凝固组织的影响研究结果表明:经Ce处理后,Fe-Ni膨胀合金中形成了大量的高熔点Ce2O3包芯Al2O3复合物,尺寸约为2μm.错配度理论计算表明,Ce2O3的某些低指数面与Fe-Ni膨胀合金的低指数面具有7·1%的较低错配度,因此Ce2O3作为非均匀形核核心使膨胀合金凝固组织由完全的柱状晶变为完全的等轴晶组织.Ce在凝固组织的等轴晶晶界上以Ce2O3、Ce2O2S和CeS形式存在,具有阻止晶粒长大的作用.     

Ce对0.2C-0.5Si-1.5Mn钢液洁净度与夹杂物变性的研究

为提高低合金高强度钢的强、韧性能并扩大其应用范围,以应用广泛的0.2C-0.5Si-1.5Mn系低合金高强度钢为研究对象,采用Q345H型钢板为原料,在真空感应炉熔化后添加稀土元素(Ce),制备了4种不同Ce含量的低合金钢试样。通过实验分析和热力学计算,研究了Ce含量对0.2C-0.5Si-1.5Mn系低合金高强度钢液的净化度和夹杂物变性的影响规律。结果表明,钢液中Ce的质量分数在0.001%～0.045%时,钢的洁净度显著提高;当Ce的质量分数为0.012%时,可把钢中O、S脱除到0.000 9%、0.001 0%;同时,Ce使夹杂物球化、细化,可将15μm带棱角的Al2O3-SiO2夹杂物和原长条状、大体积的MnS夹杂物转变为1～2μm,甚至纳米级稀土复合夹杂物。同时还探讨了Ce元素在钢液中的洁净化和夹杂物变性机理。