Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Soil Organic Matter in the Mixed Plantations of Alder and Cypress in the Hilly Areas of Central Sichuan Basin

The investigation was conducted on the spatial and temporal distributions of soil organic mater （SOM） in the mixed plantations of alder （Aluns crernastogyne） and cypress （Cupressus funebris ） （MPAC）, which distributed in the hilly areas of central Sichuan Basin （HACSB）. The results show that： （1） the spatial distribution of SOM among different sites at the same age are not significant before 15-year-old, but significant at 20-year-old, and not significant again after 25-year-old; （2） the SOM contents in 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm layers increase sharply from 10- to 15-year-old, and decline gradually from 15- to 30- year-old; the SOM contents of the 30-year-old PCP were 80. 38% and 78.42% higher than that of the 10-year-old, but 29.16% and 53.37% lower than that of 15-year-old in the 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm layers, respectively. The decrease of SOM contents would lead to the degradation of soil fertility and the decline of forest productivity.     

Evaluation of Sustainable Land Management and Diagnosis of Obstacle at County Scale in Sichuan Basin： Taking Lezhi County as Example

This paper established sustainable land resources evaluating indicators fit for hilly area in Sichuan Basin, Southwest of China, and evaluated the case of sustainable land management of Lezhi County from 1990 to 2001. The result showed that the land resource sustainable utilization ability in Lezhi County is belong to Second level （better sustainable）. Secondly, this paper diagnosed some years obstacles of sustainable land management of Lezhi County from base period to goal period and compared the obstacles factors in the indicators system. There were 16 indexes orderly become major affect factor to land sustainable utilization of Lezhi county in indicator system, of which there are 8 obstacles indexes exist both in 1990 and 2001. The value of obstacles degree of five indicators exceeded 5 in 1990, but in 2001, only two indicators＇ values were more than 5.     

Sediment source identification by using ^137Cs and ^210pb radionuclides in a small catchment of the Hilly Sichuan Basin, China

The Hilly Sichuan Basin is one of the most populous agricultural regions in the Upper Yangtze River Basin and has an area of about 105000 km2. Cropland ratios and population densities vary between 0.3 and 0.7 and be-tween 400 and 800 people/km2, respectively, in the Si-chuan basin. The basin is considered as one of the most severely eroded regions in the Upper Yangtze River Basin as well in China. Soil erosion rates were reported mostly to be greater than 5000 t·km-2·a-1 by the first st…     

川中丘陵区农村产业结构调整研究

川中丘陵区是中国重要的农业区之一．长期以来，经济结构单一，农村经济发展缓慢，农村经济结构极不合理，农村产业结构性矛盾突出，严重制约了该地区的脱贫致富和地方经济的发展，迫切需要通过调整农村产业结构，以增强经济活力，实现农村的稳定和发展．     

Changes in overland flow and sediment during simulated rainfall events on cropland in hilly areas of the Sichuan Basin, China

Water and soil loss are the major causes of the land degradation in the hilly area of the Sichuan Basin, China, where purple soil (FAO, Calcaric Regosols) is widely distributed. Little research has been conducted on changes in overland flow and sediment during rain events on sloping cropland in this area. In this study, 45 artificial rainfall events were applied to five runoff plots with slopes of 9%, 18%, 27%, 36%, and 47%, respectively. Results showed that erosion processes on purple soil of sloping cropland are complex, because the sediment concentration changes with time under different situations. According to correlations between runoff discharge and sediment concentration, all erosion events were classified into three types: (1) positive correlation; (2) negative correlation; and (3) no correlation. Positive correlations were dominant, accounting for 60% of all events. Rainfall intensity, slope gradient, and tillage treatment were the main factors that influenced erosion events.     

四川盆地中部丘陵区耕地后备资源开发利用的思考和建议

在分析四川盆地中部丘陵区土地利用结构及未利用土地的二级地类构成的基础上，指出了四川盆中丘陵区的垦殖程度很高，未利用土地中宜开发利用荒草地很少，从保护生态环境出发，这一地区荒草地的开发要慎之又慎，保持耕地总量动态平衡，应开发荒草地、废弃地复垦、撤院并村整理土地、归并小块土地减少田埂土坎占用量等措施并举。     

Soil erosion rates and characteristics of typical alpine meadow using <Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs technique in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Alpine meadow is the predominant ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The firm turf of alpine meadow formed by sub-surface anfractuous roots can be effective in conserving water and soil.Alpine meadow is a primary contributor to the Chinese Water Tower.For quantitative assess anti-erosion ability of alpine meadow,this paper selected three typical meadow slopes with>60% vegetation coverage to evaluate soil erosion rates using 137Cs.The results showed that(1)soil erosion intensity of typical alpine meadow was slight to light.Erosion rates were 464 t km–2 a–1 in Malong Village,415 t km–2 a–1 in Yeniugou Town and 875 t km–2 a–1 in Zhenqin Town respectively;(2)soil erosion rates were correlated negatively with vegetation coverage,and the relationship was clearer at the slope scale than plot scale;(3)the relationship between soil erosion and vegetation coverage showed that vegetation coverage was a predominant factor in retaining soil and water on slopes.With complete turf and high vegetation coverage, alpine meadow was of great significance for soil conservation and prevention of soil erosion.     

137Cs法应用于流域土壤侵蚀初步研究--以太湖上游浙江省安吉县西苕溪为例

太湖流域水体富营养化、水环境质量下降问题日趋突出 ,而由土壤侵蚀造成的物质迁移是流域非点源营养元素输入的主要载体之一 ,因此 ,流域土壤侵蚀的定量研究具有重要的理论和现实意义 .以太湖上游浙江省安吉县西苕溪流域为例 ,利用137Cs示踪分析方法对该区域的土壤侵蚀数量及空间分布状况作了初步的研究 ,结果表明 :研究区域的137Cs背景值为(2 14 8.8± 12 0 .7)Bq/m2 ;根据建立以及选择的土壤侵蚀和沉积模型计算 ,研究区内非耕作土土壤侵蚀模数平均在 - 431.6t/km2 ·a(“ -”表示堆积 ) ,耕作土土壤侵蚀模数平均在 16 81.2t/(km2 ·a) ,年均土壤侵蚀厚度为 1.5 3mm .研究结论对深入探讨太湖流域上游物质迁移对太湖的生态影响具有基础意义 .     

页岩气成藏体系研究——以四川盆地及其周缘下寒武统为例

页岩气是非常规天然气藏的一种,属于"单源一位"成藏体系,在成藏特征上不同于常规油气,集烃源体、输导体和圈闭体等所有关键的成藏体系各要素于同一套页岩层.在成藏体系的划分上,页岩气藏不同于常规成藏体系的划分.综合考虑页岩层系发育时代、沉积特征、演化历史、所处现今大地构造位置、构造特征、页岩残留状况、分布特点、埋深和含气量等因素,提出了页岩气成藏体系划分的一般性原则.将四川盆地及其周缘下寒武统页岩气成藏体系划分为川南—川东南、黔北—黔中、渝东、湘鄂西、龙门山、米仓山—大巴山和川中7个成藏体系,并按战略展开区、战略突破区、战略准备区和战略远景区4个层次对成藏体系进行了评价,明确了勘探层次.     

Effects of Land Use Change on Eco-environment in Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin--A Case Study of Yanting County, Sichuan Province

With the artificial alder and cypress mixed forest being planted, there has been a marked land use change since 1970s' in Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin, China. Data from meteorological observations or posts operated over long time, measurement and calculation of NPP (net primary production) and biomass of biological community, and analysis of soil organic matter content show that the artificial alder and cypress mixed forest has outstanding eco-environmental effect: adjusting local climate, raising soil fertility, alleviating menace of drought, and raising NPP and biomass of biological community. It is very beneficial for improving ecological environment to afforest artificial alder and cypress mixed forest in populous Hilly Area of Central Sichuan Basin, China.     

Soil Erosion on a Slope without Vegetation： a Simulating Experiment on a Bare Land in Mt. Tanakami

0　IntroductionManystudieshavebeendoneonthesedimentdischargeinMt.Tanakami .Thosestudiesconcerntheamountofsedi mentsandfewdiscussionsabouttheprocessonly .Andthesedi mentyieldmechanismindevastatedslopeinMt.Tanakamiisnotfullyunderstood.Inordertorecordthewholeprocessofsoilero sionfromthebeginningofprecipitation ,totheendofsedimentmovement,asimulatingexperimentbyusingartificialrainiscon ducted .Basedonthisexperiment,andbyfurthercomparingwiththepreviousdataofsedimentsinthisarea,somebasicdataaboutc…     

川南地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩储层微观储集空间特征

为了探究四川盆地南部五峰-龙马溪组页岩气产层段微观储集空间,运用X射线衍射技术(XRD)、氩离子抛光-扫描电镜和低压氮气吸附-脱附等实验方法,发现川南页岩储层中脆性矿物以石英和碳酸盐为主,主要发育有机质孔、粒间孔、微裂缝和粒内孔四种类型孔隙。结果表明该地区页岩储层主要沉积于钙质半深水-深水陆棚相,有利于后期水力压裂改造;产层段孔隙类型主要以有机质孔和粒间孔为主,伴随少量的微裂缝和粒内孔。页岩吸附曲线以H2和H3型为主,主要以墨水瓶型和狭缝型孔隙为主,具有较高的比表面积和孔体积,孔隙直径主要集中在微孔和介孔区域。基于以上研究,综合对比分析了川南地区与焦石坝地区优质页岩储层。