菏泽牡丹园土壤螨类群落的生态学定量研究

对菏泽牡丹园土壤螨类群落的研究发现 :前气门亚目 (5 6 .6 1 % ) >隐气门亚目 (2 7.33% ) >中气门亚目 (1 6 .0 6 % ) .各亚目的相对数量与人为因素有密切关系 .3亚目的季节变化趋势基本一致 ,但由于它们对外界环境的耐受能力和反应敏感程度不同 ,以及各采样点的实际情况不同 ,上述 3个亚目的具体变化情况也各具特点     

28S核糖体RNA基因D3区序列在两种甲螨中的测定及其系统学意义

利用引物D3A和D3B扩增出姬三皱甲螨Rhysotritia ardua和棒菌甲螨Schelooribates妇砸的28S rDNA D3区序列，结合GenBank检索得到蛛形纲的8个相关序列，采用MP法构建分子进化树．发现蜘蛛目分化较早，前气门亚目、甲螨亚目首先聚合，再与中气门亚目聚为一类；但蝎目比蛛蛛目进化晚．说明28S rDNA D3区对于蛛形纲分子系统分类有一定的意义．     

济南市植物园竹林土壤动物群落的研究

对济南市植物园竹林土壤动物群落进行了研究，分析了其种类组成、数量分布、空间分布、多样性、均匀性、优势度，研究结果表明：隐气门亚目、弹尾目和前气门亚目是竹林土壤动物优势类群，占全捕量的93．4%；土壤动物的垂直分布特点是表层多于底层，表聚现象明显，其中隐气门亚目和弹尾目抗干扰性、抗污染性较强，可以做竹林环境监测的指示动物。     

福建小湖赤枝栲苗期生物产量的研究

研究了四种不同的育苗方式对赤枝栲苗期生物产量的影响，结果表明：赤枝栲一年生苗木的生物产量比二年生的低，在生物量的分配上，一年生的根（４２．９３％－５６．４８％）〉叶（３３．２７％－４４．６４％）〉茎（９．３２％－１３．９８％）；二年生的根（３４．０２％－４０．３４％）〉叶（２７．７１％－３７．６４％）≈茎（２７．２６％－３８．２７％）；在不同育苗方式的影响下，生物产量发生很大的变化，用根蘸药物最佳     

蜻科部分种类Cytb基因序列比较及系统发育分析（蜻蜓目：差翅亚目）

从分子生物学角度入手，以mtDNA的Cytb（Cytochrome b）基因作为分子遗传标记，用昆虫Cytb基因的特异性引物进行PCR扩增及DNA测序，共获得蜻蜓目差翅亚目蜻科7属8种（基斑蜻Libellula depressa，黄蜻Pnntala flavescens，庆褐蜻阢thernis festive，晓褐蜻研themis aurora，纹蓝小蜻Diplacodes trivialis，网脉蜻Neurothemis fulvia，六斑曲缘蜻Palpoleura sex-maculata，玉带蜻Pseudothemis zonata）及2种外群（黄翅绿色螅Mnais auripennis，华艳色螅Neurobasis chinensis）的Cytb基因部分序列（576bp）．这8种蜻蜓Cytb基因的部分核苷酸序列（长度为576bp）中碱基T，C，A，G的平均含量分别为37．0%，18．3％，31．3％和13．4％，A＋T平均含量为68．3％，明显高于G＋C平均含量（31．7％）．密码子第3位点的A＋T平均含量较高，为81．0％，碱基替换多发生在密码子第3位点．以柬翅亚目的黄翅绿色螅和华艳色蟪作为外群构建系统发育树，结果显示玉带蜻属与褐蜻属、脉蜻属与曲缘蜻属的亲缘关系较近．     

大理民族中学学生肠道寄生虫感染与防治调查

目的：了解大理民族中学学生肠道寄生虫感染情况及防治现状。方法：取大理民族中学257名学生粪便进行镜检。结果：总感染率为9．34％，共查出7种寄生虫，其中鞭虫感染率最高，为3．89％。男女生感染无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。检查的四种主要名民族间感染有显著性差异（P〈0．05），其中回族感染率最高为22．22％，年级之问及汉族与少数民族之间的感染差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：大理中学生肠道寄生虫感染率低于全国平均水平，少数民族学生感染下降，提示加强饮食卫生宣教，定期服用驱虫药可取得良好效果。     

中学生吸烟与健康的知识和态度及行为的关系

探讨中学生有关吸烟与健康的知识和态度，及其与吸烟行为的关系。采用自填式结构问卷对广州市黄埔区初一至初三年级中学生进行调查。8，656名初中生，在满分为10分的吸烟所致疾病知识和满分为4分的烟草有害成分知识平均得分为4．87和2．13。吸烟与健康的态度平均得分，吸烟的作用为25．88（满分30）、吸烟的形象认同21．33（满分25）、吸烟的交际认同32．07（满分40）、控烟措施的认同32．69（满分40）。初中生的尝试吸烟率为16．6％（男生25．6％，女生6、3％），偶尔吸烟率为12，0％（男18．0％，女5．1％），规律吸烟率为4．7％（男7．6％，女1．1％）。在男生中，吸烟与健康得知识得分和态度得分，均为：不吸烟者〉偶尔吸烟者〉规律吸烟者，且有显著性差异。在女生中，知识得分在不同吸烟行为者间无显著性差异，态度得分为：不吸烟者〉偶尔吸烟者〉规律吸烟者，有显著性差异。本组初中生吸烟与知识的认知水平较低，态度得分较高。中学生有关吸烟与健康的知识和态度与不同吸烟行为有关联，且男女有别。     

南宁七坡林场尾巨桉人工林生物量的初步研究

【目的】为科学、可持续地经营桉树（Eucalyptus）人工林以及评价桉树人工林在区域碳循环中的地位、作用和生态效益提供有效的依据。【方法】采用平均标准木法和收获法对南宁七坡林场的尾巨桉（Eucalyptus urophylla×E．grandis）及其林下植被的生物量进行调查。【结果】在尾巨桉人工林中,各层次生物量呈现乔木层〉灌木层〉草本层,其中尾巨桉生物量最大,处于主导地位;尾巨桉各器官生物量的大小顺序为树干（64．38％）〉根（24．29％）〉树皮（5．97％）〉老枝（2．25％）〉嫩枝（1．56％）〉老叶（1．32％）〉嫩叶（0．20％）。【结论】尾巨桉的生物量主要集中在树干上,叶的生物量最少。     

巨尾桉萌芽更新不同密度处理对林分生长的影响

以每个伐根保留萌芽条1株，2株和3株的方式进行巨尾按萌芽更新试验，以探讨不同留萌方式对林分生长的影响。结果表明：4年生巨尾按萌芽林的胸径生长量（cm）序列为留萌1株（11．03）〉留萌2株（9．26）〉留萌3株（7．82），差异极显著;3种留萌方式的树高生长量差异不显著，但提高留萌密度有利于萌芽林枝下高和高径此的增加;林分蓄积量以留萌2株（121．584m3·hm^-2）的最高，分别比留萌1株和留萌3株的高37．59％和1．99％，适当增加留萌密度对于提高短周期按树萌茅林的蓄积量是有利的。     

大学生蠕形螨感染情况的调查分析

目的：了解在校大学生蠕形螨感染情况。方法：采用透明胶带粘贴法对657名在校大学生进行蠕形螨检查，同时对面部皮肤状况进行调查。结果：在较大学生蠕形螨感染率为18．11％，男性（21.00％）女性（15.38％）男生与女生感染率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；毛囊蠕形螨为71.42％，感染皮脂蠕形螨为26.89％，两者混合感染为1．68％；鼻部，额部和下颌部螨虫感染率分别为77.31％（92／119），30．25％（36／119）．35．29％（42／119）；结论：本校大学生蠕形螨感染较为普遍，感染多为毛囊蠕形螨。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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