纳米科学与纳米材料

纳米科学与技术是21世纪的一门高新技术.而纳米材料又是纳米科学技术的重要组成部分.文章主要阐述纳米科学与技术的基本概念,纳米材料的应用及其研究的新进展.     

纳米科技最新进展（下）

介绍了近年来在纳米科学与技术研究领域取得的一些主要进展。这些领域主要包括原子操纵与原子搬迁技术，纳米电子学与纳米电子技术，纳米生物学，纳米摩擦学，微米／纳米技术，原子团簇科学和纳米磁性功能材料等。     

纳米科技最新进展（上）

近年来在纳米科学与技术研究领域取得了一系列重要进展，主要包括原子操纵与原子搬迁技术、纳米电子学与纳米电子技术、纳米生物学、纳米摩擦学、微米/纳米技术、原子团簇科学和枘磁性功能材料的研究进展等。这些进展必将改变极大地改变科学技术及人类生活的面貌。     

科技人才招聘

副主任[北京]国家纳米科学中心招聘业务副主任1名。要求:具有博士学位,有正高级专业技术岗位3年以上任职经历,所从事研究领域属于国家纳米科学中心主要学科方向,有在国外高水平大学或研究机构从事科研工作的经历,年龄一般不超过50周岁。联系方式:中国科学院人事教育局405房间柏学燕,电话:010-68597472,传真:010-     

《纳米与介观力学》书讯

<正>科学出版社近期出版了中国科学院力学研究所赵亚溥研究员的最新专著《纳米与介观力学》.该书为系统论述纳米、介观和MEMS/NEMS力学的学术专著,内容包含国际上该领域的热点和难点问题,选题独特、新颖.该书获得"纳米科学与技术"丛书多位副主编、编委的推荐,列入了国家出版基金项目"纳米科学与技术"丛书.     

迈向21世纪的纳米技术

纳米科学和技术,其真正的蓬勃发展,始于本世纪90年代。1990年和1991年,学术界专门创办了《纳米技术》和《纳米生物学》两个刊物,西方政府对纳米科学和技术研究的投入逐年增加,竞争愈益激烈,美国自1991年以来,把纳米技术列入了“政府关键技术”、“本世纪末下世纪初的重大研究方向”、“2005年的战略技术”,美国国防部每年为此拨款3500万美元;日本1995年开始实     

科技人才招聘

国家纳米科学中心招聘"百人计划"人员国家纳米科学中心是中国科学院与教育部共建并具有独立事业法人资格的全额拨款直属事业单位,2003年12月经中编办批准成立。中心研究方向定位于纳米科学的基础和应用研     

纳米粒子与职业健康

纳米科学与技术已经受到世界各国的重视，研究纳米科技的科学家数不胜数，纳米物理学、纳米化学、纳米生物学、纳米电子学等各个领域都有了长足的发展。本书选取的文章是关于纳米粒子毒理学的最新研究成果。     

《科学》周刊全文刊登王中林教授在纳米研究中的重大成果

美国佐治亚理工学院讲席教授、北京大学工学院先进材料与纳米技术系系主任、中国国家纳米科学中心海外主任王中林教授和博士生宋金会成功地在纳米尺度下将机械能转换成电能，在世界上首次研制成功纳米发电机。这一最新成果被本月13日出版的美国《科学》周刊长篇报道。这一重大发现开启了纳米科学和技术的新篇章。     

锌基纳米复合材料的合成及性能研究进展

近年来,随着纳米科学与技术的发展,单一组成的物质已经很难满足不同形式的需求,综合性能优良的纳米复合材料应运而生,并得到迅猛发展.本文主要介绍了我们课题组在锌基纳米复合材料方面的研究动态和主要成果,实现了不同维度的材料在纳米尺度上的复合,有利于多角度、深层次地探讨改善单一材料表面性质和提高性能的途径,为新型多功能纳米复合材料的设计提供思路,并对其今后的发展趋势进行了展望.     

全球纳米技术研究文献计量分析

本研究采用文本挖掘技术，从在全球公开的纳米科学和技术研究文献数据库（SCI/SSCI 数据
库）中提取技术情报。在SCI/SSCI数据库中利用纳米科学和技术领域的300多个术语进行相关文献的检
索；利用摘要共现词汇的自相关图来揭示的技术核心领域；通过词汇间的互相关图来揭示因共现而发生
关系的词汇的技术核心领域；采用因子矩阵进一步量化研究机构之间、国家之间的关系强度，并对图中
揭示的合作出版网络给予确证。     

人造纳米材料生物安全性研究进展

纳米材料具有独特的物理化学性质,如小尺寸效应、巨大比表面积、极高的反应活性、量子效应等,这些特性使纳米科学成为当今世界三大支柱科学(生命科学、信息科学、纳米科学)之一.随着纳米技术的产业化, 各种形式的纳米尺度的物质已经以不同途径进入人们的生活,纳米材料的生物安全性问题正受到世界各国科学家的广泛关注.介绍纳米材料生物安全性研究的重要性,系统讨论本课题组在纳米金属氧化物和碳纳米材料生物安全性研究领域的一系列成果,并展望将来的研究重点.     

Probing the properties of individual nanostructures by novel techniques

Nanomaterials are the fundamental components of nanoscience and nanotechnology, and they are different from bulk materials in grain size, surface/interface-to-volume ratio and grain shape, which are the origins of their unique electrical, optical, thermodynamic, mechanical and chemical properties. The small size of nanostructures hampers the applications of well-established testing and measurement techniques, thus new methods and approaches must be developed for their synthesis, property characterization and device fabrication. This has been the focus of our research, aiming at exploring state-of-the-art techniques for materials processing and characterization. This paper reviews our progress in nanomaterials research.     

Micro- and nano-patterning of polymers

Micro-and nano-patterning of polymers is essential in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Single macromolecule is a particle with nano-scale dimension; polymers have multi-structure, various configurations, and ability of forming blends with varying polymers or copolymers with different monomers, which will result in plenty of patterns of micro- and nano-scale. Besides, special physical and mechanical properties of polymers will not only be used to make patterns in many existing microfabrication technologies, but also develop new patterning techniques. The topic of micro-and nano-patterning of polymers has been granted as a key project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Size-dependent optical properties of Au nanorods

In the fast evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology,where size and shape are crucial in deciding the optoelectronic properties of nanomaterials,the understanding of size and shape dependent behavior is of direct relevance to device applications.Present study reports the synthesis of Au nanorods with well controlled aspect ratios,and the influence of the aspect ratio on the surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) activity using crystal violet(CV) as the probe molecule.The influence of pH and the concentrations of reducing agent and Ag ions in controlling the aspect ratio of gold nanorods are also investigated.The structural and optical properties of the synthesized samples have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy.The nonlinear optical(NLO) transmission of the Au nanorods investigated using the open aperture Z-scan technique revealed the absorption saturation followed by an optical limiting behavior,which may find potential applications in optoelectronic nanodevices.     

Quality vs. quantity of publications in nanotechnology field from the People’s Republic of China

This study evaluates trends in quality of nanotechnology and nanoscience papers produced by authors from the People＇s Republic of China （PRC）. The metric used to gauge quality is ratio of highly cited nanotechnology papers to total nanotechnology papers produced in sequential time frames. The USA is both the most prolific nanotechnology publishing country and most represented country on highly cited nanotechnology papers （both in absolute numbers of highly cited papers and highly cited papers relative to total publications） over the 1998-2003 time frame, based on the SCl/SSCl databases. Some of the smaller hi-tech countries have relatively high ratios （-2） of highly cited papers to total publications （e.g. Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland）. Countries that have exhibited rapid growth in SCl/SSCl nanotechnology paper production in recent years （e.g. PRC, South Korea） had ratios an order of magnitude less than that of the USA for 1998, but by 2003 had increased to about 20% that of the USA （-2.5）. PRC and South Korea have climbed in the publications rankings from 6th and 9th in 1998, respectively, to 2nd and 6th in 2005, respectively. PRC＇s ratio monotonically increased from 0.16 to 0.45 over the 1998-2003 period, and South Korea＇s ratio increased from 0.11 to about 0.6 over that same period, indicating their papers are getting more and more citations proportionately. Thus, under rapid growth conditions, PRC and South Korea have been able to increase their share of participation in highly cited papers. As of 2003, PRC and South Korea have ratios comparable to nations like Japan, France, Italy, and Australia but not yet approaching those of the highly cited countries. None of the top ten publications producing institutions are from the USA, while all of the top ten highly cited publications producers are from the USA. Over the 1998-2003 time period, the top six total publications producing institutions （globally） remained the same, with Chinese Academy of Sciences （which consists     

Functionalization of graphene materials by heteroatom-doping for energy conversion and storage

Recent development in nanoscience and nanotechnology has opened up new frontiers in materials science and engineering to create new materials for energy generation and storage. Owing to their earth abundance, low-cost, structural tunability, large-surface area, and unique physicochemical properties, graphitic carbon materials have attracted a great deal of attention for energy-related applications. However, the pristine graphene materials without functionalization is intractable (insoluble and infusible), which has hindered their practical applications. Therefore, considerable research effort has been devoted to the development of functionalized graphene materials with desirable properties for specific applications, including energy conversion and storage. It was demonstrated that functionalized graphene materials with tunable work functions were useful as charge-extraction materials to effectively improve solar cell performance while those with high electrocatalytic activities could be used as metal-free catalysts in fuel cells, metal-air batteries, water splitting and integrated energy systems. This article provides a timely focused review on the development of heteroatom-doped graphene materials for low-cost, but efficient, energy generation and storage.     

以技术联盟推动纳米技术产业化

目前,我国纳米技术的基础研究处于国际领先地位,但是纳米技术成果转化率很低,纳米技术产业化现状堪忧。从比较纳米科技成果转化与一般科技成果转化的特点出发,分析了目前我国纳米技术产业化的主要问题,总结了国外的成功经验,认为我国应该尽快建立纳米技术产业联盟以推动纳米技术产业化,并提出5点建议:学习美国模式将产业界和投资界尽早地吸收进入纳米技术研究中;学习日本模式建立纳米技术的市场评估体系;建立完善的技术联盟网络;引进风险投资;为技术联盟提供良好的法律环境;同时培养技术人才和管理人才。     

目前我国纳米科技发展状况

从纳米科技的基本概念出发,介绍了纳米材料的特殊性能及其制备方法、表征技术,并综述了纳米科技在我国产业革命的应用发展前景.     

纳米技术中国专利的分析研究

以CPRS文摘数据库（CPRSABS）公开纳米技术相关专利文献为基础，从专利申请量、申请人、IPC分类等方面对纳米技术相关中国专利申请深入分析.