Simulation of higher-order topological phases and related topological phase transitions in a superconducting qubit

Higher-order topological phases give rise to new bulk and boundary physics,as well as new classes of topological phase transitions.While the realization of high...     

控制开放超导量子电路系统中的几何量子关联冻结和量子相干性

本文研究了开放超导量子电路系统中,含时电磁场对两超导量子比特间的几何量子关联和量子相干性的影响. 我们发现,加入磁场之后,几何量子关联被冻结的现象会出现,并且冻结的时间会随着含时电磁场的加入而得到延长. 利用迹距离的方法,我们探讨了含时电磁场对超导量子比特与环境之间量子信息流动的影响,我们发现含时电磁场可以抑制环境的影响,降低超导量子比特与环境之间的量子信息流动.     

超导量子比特中的Landau-Zener-Stckelberg干涉

超导量子比特是人工固态量子系统,在低温和弱耗散条件下,具有量子化的能级结构.这些能级之间的间隔可以随外加偏置电磁场连续变化,不同能级在某些偏置场可能形成量子系统中所特有的免交叉.最近研究成果表明,利用这些免交叉,可以在固态量子比特中实现Landau-Zener-Stckelberg（LZS）干涉,为测量系统的能谱、表征系统与环境的耦合、实现量子逻辑门、产生量子纠缠等提供了一个便捷的新手段.     

Detection of the translational oscillations of the Earth''''s solid inner core based on the international superconducting gravimeter observations

Before about 100 years, the layered structures of the Earths body and the existence of the liquid core had been found, then the solid inner core and detailed structures in the interior of the Earth are demonstrated, it proves that the satisfied achievements had been obtained in recogni-tion of the Earths interior structures. In recent years, with the increasing requirements of the basic sciences and space techniques to geodynamics of the Earths interior, the theoretical study and practical de…     

超导信道的量子密码通信

量子密码通信是一种新的密钥通信方法，可以发现任何窃听者。现有的量子密码通信基于弱光传输。这里提出一种以超导信道中的约瑟夫森电子干涉效应为基础的量子密码通信方案，并讨论了其可行性和保密性     

电子-质子散射中几何标度效应的研究

在色玻璃凝聚理论框架下,我们对x≤0.01情况下电子-质子深度非弹性散射中新联合实验数据进行全局分析,研究能在全局τ区间内描述几何标度效应。利用新联合实验数据验证了理论上预言的几何标度效应,研究结果显示在高能情况下色玻璃凝聚态存在的可能性。     

Semi-stationary subdivision operators in geometric modeling

Based on the view of operator, a novel uniform subdivision construction method is proposed for free form curve and surface design. This method can give an appropriate manner of parameter change in the subdivision iteration with fewer parameters and better shape control, such as building local revolving surfaces. The convergent property of order 2 subdivision surface is elegantly analyzed using computing techniques of matrix. This method is promised to be valuable in Computer Aided Design and computer graphics, due to the simplicity both in mathematical theory and practical implementation, the similarity to the B-spline curve and surface, G1 continuity, the affine invariability and local flexible control.     

金属纳米粒子的超导临界半径计算

应用随机矩阵理论研究了金属纳米粒子的超导电性，特别是其临界超导半径。将计算结果同其他理论与实验相比较后发现：引入随机矩阵理论后得出的超导图像，与实验结果定性吻合。在理论上能同时给出纳米粒子超导性增强和减弱效应。     

Electronically soft phases in manganites

The phenomenon of colossal magnetoresistance in manganites is generally agreed to be a result of competition between crystal phases with different electronic, magnetic and structural order; a competition which can be strong enough to cause phase separation between metallic ferromagnetic and insulating charge-modulated states. Nevertheless, closer inspection of phase diagrams in many manganites reveals complex phases where the two order parameters of magnetism and charge modulation unexpectedly coexist. Here we show that such experiments can be naturally explained within a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory. In contrast to models where phase separation originates from disorder or as a strain-induced kinetic phenomenon, we argue that magnetic and charge modulation coexist in new thermodynamic phases. This leads to a rich diagram of equilibrium phases, qualitatively similar to those seen experimentally. The success of this model argues for a fundamental reinterpretation of the nature of charge modulation in these materials, from a localized to a more extended 'charge-density wave' picture. The same symmetry considerations that favour textured coexistence of charge and magnetic order may apply to many electronic systems with competing phases. The resulting 'electronically soft' phases of matter with incommensurate, inhomogeneous and mixed order may be general phenomena in correlated systems.     

压力管道的几何优化设计

对钢衬－钢筋混凝土管道的几何外形和钢筋布置作了优化设计，对影响管道造价的多种因素作了敏度分析。根据优化计算结果，提出了简化公式供工程设计参考。同传统的设计方法相比，采用优化设计的压力管道，用钢量节省１０％左右，混凝土方量节省７０％，钢板厚度降低为总厚度的５０％．     

几何变换在造型设计中的应用

本文从讨论形的角度出发,试用几何变换的方法(如透仿变换、拓扑变换)来解决造型设计中有关谐调性和黑灵错视的处理问题.     

超导材料的超快光谱研究

电子、晶格、自旋和轨道微观自由度对超导材料的宏观特性起到至关重要的作用.在超导体系中,特别是非常规超导材料,这些自由度衍生出具有不同能量尺度的玻色激发和有序态.前者如声子、磁振子、电荷密度波、自旋密度波、自旋涨落、向列涨落等;后者如超导态、赝能隙态、向列相、反铁磁/铁磁等.前者与后者的形成密切相关.尤其是,不同的玻色激发在频域内纠缠在一起彼此相互作用,同时又与电子(或准粒子)耦合,构建出复杂而又丰富的平衡态和非平衡态物理过程.超快光谱技术的独特性在于具有宽能量范围和高时间分辨率的特点,利用光(电磁波)与超导材料相互作用中的线性和非线性响应,可以共振或非共振地探测与调控这类材料中的准平衡或非平衡态动力学属性.因为桌面超快光谱系统功能全面且具有很大的灵活性,它不仅被应用于超导体系,而且被广泛应用于其他各种无机和有机材料.由于非平衡态理论,特别是与关联电子体系相关的,目前还处在快速发展的阶段,所以本综述主要介绍了常用的桌面超快光谱技术和目前被广泛使用的相关分析理论,聚焦于讨论超导材料中超快光谱实验数据涌现出来的一些普适性趋势及进展.所涉及的超导材料包含了常规超导体、铜氧化物超导体、铁基超导体和重费米子超导体.     

The origin of multiple superconducting gaps in MgB2

Magnesium diboride, MgB2, has the highest transition temperature (T(c) = 39 K) of the known metallic superconductors. Whether the anomalously high T(c) can be described within the conventional BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) framework has been debated. The key to understanding superconductivity lies with the 'superconducting energy gap' associated with the formation of the superconducting pairs. Recently, the existence of two kinds of superconducting gaps in MgB2 has been suggested by several experiments; this is in contrast to both conventional and high-T(c) superconductors. A clear demonstration of two gaps has not yet been made because the previous experiments lacked the ability to resolve the momentum of the superconducting electrons. Here we report direct experimental evidence for the two-band superconductivity in MgB2, by separately observing the superconducting gaps of the sigma and pi bands (as well as a surface band). The gaps have distinctly different sizes, which unambiguously establishes MgB2 as a two-gap superconductor.     

超导金属小粒子的电子比热研究

利用随机矩阵理论中能级统计的方法,考虑能级分布和能级关联的影响,给出适合于金属小粒子的自恰方程,并详细数值计算了无外场作用时超导金属小粒子s=0及s=1/2两个自旋态能隙参量和临界转变温度随金属小粒子粒径的变化规律,以及在不同粒径时的电子比热.并在自旋s=0时理论结果得到了实验上观察到的超导增强效应.     

Generation of Fock states in a superconducting quantum circuit

Spin systems and harmonic oscillators comprise two archetypes in quantum mechanics. The spin-1/2 system, with two quantum energy levels, is essentially the most nonlinear system found in nature, whereas the harmonic oscillator represents the most linear, with an infinite number of evenly spaced quantum levels. A significant difference between these systems is that a two-level spin can be prepared in an arbitrary quantum state using classical excitations, whereas classical excitations applied to an oscillator generate a coherent state, nearly indistinguishable from a classical state. Quantum behaviour in an oscillator is most obvious in Fock states, which are states with specific numbers of energy quanta, but such states are hard to create. Here we demonstrate the controlled generation of multi-photon Fock states in a solid-state system. We use a superconducting phase qubit, which is a close approximation to a two-level spin system, coupled to a microwave resonator, which acts as a harmonic oscillator, to prepare and analyse pure Fock states with up to six photons. We contrast the Fock states with coherent states generated using classical pulses applied directly to the resonator.     

几何网格简化研究与进展

在计算机图形学中,三维几何模型通常用多边形网格进行描述．由于网格数据的处理时间和存储代价与多边形的数量成正比,过于复杂和细节化的网格会给图形数据的存储、传输、计算和实时绘制等带来负担．文中综述了国内外几何网格简化及相关技术领域的研究与进展,对相关技术及其特点进行了介绍和分析,给出了网格简化方法的分类,并就该领域未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

麦克斯韦方程的几何表述法

本文在采用微分几何中的度量与外导数概念的基础上,借助于法拉第张量及完全自由的坐标系统,给出了麦克斯韦方程在任何流形中都具有的更为简化和更为普遍的几何表述形式,给出了电荷是一种拓扑结构的几何意义,同时也给电荷的定义一种新的解释;并探讨了在磁单极子存在时的麦克斯韦方程的几何形式.最后通过对矢势与平面电磁波的讨论,证明了由几何表述所导出的结论与用微分表述所得结论完全一致,且前者给出了较后者更为清晰简明的几何图象.     

一些几何不等式的等价关系

Brunn-Minkowski不等式和Minkowski不等式是凸几何中的两个重要而基本的不等式. 近期, 已有学者得到了这两个不等式的Orlicz版本, 从而构建起Orlicz-Brunn-Minkowski理论的框架. 本工作证明经典的Brunn-Minkowski不等式、Minkowski不等式、Orlicz-Brunn-Minkowski不等式和Orlicz-Minkowski不等式是等价的.     

三个几何不等式的证明

应用三角形重心坐标和三元二次型不等式,建立涉及三角形内部一动点的三个新型的几何不等式。