芫花枝条化学成分的研究

本文研究了芫花(Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc)枝条的化学成分.芫花枝条的95%乙醇提取物分成石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部位,经反复硅胶柱层析分离得到15个化合物。采用理化及波谱分析方法,分别鉴定为十八碳酸单甘油酯(1)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(2)、棕榈酸(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、咖啡酸十八烷酯(5)、山奈酚(6)、西瑞香素(7)、西瑞香内酯(8)、木樨草素(9)、落叶松脂醇(10)、β-胡萝卜苷(11)、木犀草素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12)、刺五加苷B(13)、刺五加苷B1(14)、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷(15),其中7个化合物(1、2、3、5、13、14、15)为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

橙黄瑞香的化学成分研究

 运用中压柱色谱和高效制备液相色谱对橙黄瑞香的化学成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定所分离化合物的结构,并对所得到的化合物进行抗前列腺癌活性测试.从橙黄瑞香茎皮甲醇提取物中分离得到8个单体化合物,包括4个黄酮类化合物和4个香豆素类化合物,鉴定为为瑞香苷（1）、瑞香素（2）、荭草苷（3）、异荭草苷（4）、槲皮素（5）、芫花素（6）、西瑞香素（7）、乙酰伞形花内酯（8）,所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.用MTT法对这8个化合物进行体外抗前列腺癌活性测试,结果显示4个香豆素化合物对两个前列腺癌细胞株PC-3M和LNCaP均有一定的抑制作用,其中西瑞香素（7）显示最强的活性,对PC-3M和LNCaP的IC50值分别为8.1,13.5μg/mL.     

黄芪糖蛋白抑制小鼠EAE的作用研究

目的探讨黄糖蛋白对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,EAE)小鼠的抑制作用和可能的机制。方法将18～23 g体质量C57BL/6雌性小鼠随机分为EAE组、黄芪糖蛋白(HuangqiGlycoprotein,HQGP)治疗组和佐剂组,EAE模型使用髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白35-55多肽(MOG35-55)对小鼠进行免疫,佐剂组用生理盐水代替。治疗组于免疫后第6 d按每天30 mg/kg腹腔注射HQGP,佐剂组和EAE组则注射等量生理盐水。观察各组发病情况,同时进行临床症状评分。在免疫后第20 d分离脾脏,用MTT法检测淋巴细胞的增殖情况,用ELISA法检测各组淋巴细胞上清液中细胞因子INF-γ、IL-1β、IL-10和IL-4的水平。结果 HQGP能够显著改善EAE的发病,减轻炎性浸润,并且可抑制MOG35-55诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应(P<0.01)及INF-γ和IL-1β分泌(P<0.05),促进IL-10的分泌(P<0.05),而对IL-4的分泌没有显著性影响。结论 HQGP能显著改善EAE小鼠的症状,可能与减少炎性细胞的浸润有关。     

瑞香狼毒对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

考察瑞香狼毒水提物、醇提物对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响.制备瑞香狼毒水提、醇提浸膏,体外MTT实验检测瑞香狼毒对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖的影响.按照体表面积换算实验动物灌胃量,在体实验考察瑞香狼毒灌胃给药15d后对迟发型超敏反应模型动物耳肿胀度、胸腺指数、脾脏指数的影响.在体实验考察瑞香狼毒对正常小鼠血清中IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-6的水平的影响.结果显示:瑞香狼毒水提物、醇提物均能明显抑制刀豆蛋白A诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖;瑞香狼毒醇提物能明显抑制DTH小鼠耳肿胀度,且高浓度的瑞香狼毒醇提物具有抑制实验动物胸腺指数的作用.此外,瑞香狼毒水提物、醇提物均具有显著抑制实验动物血清中IL-2、IFN-γ水平的作用.可知瑞香狼毒可通过抑制T细胞活化和细胞因子分泌来发挥抑制细胞免疫的功能.     

山楂根的化学成分分离和结构鉴定

研究中药山楂根中的化学成分.利用硅胶柱、聚酰胺柱、葡聚糖LH-20柱色谱技术进行分离和纯化,根据理化性质以及UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13CNMR等波谱数据分析鉴定结构.从山楂根中分离鉴定了4种化合物,分别为化合物(Ⅰ)5,7,4'-三羟基黄酮(芹菜素)、化合物(Ⅱ)2,3,4,6-四甲氧基-7-羟基二苯并呋喃、化合物(Ⅲ)β-胡萝卜苷、化合物(Ⅳ)β-谷甾醇.     

消痒洗剂对急、慢性湿疹动物模型的药效研究

目的:观察消痒洗剂对急、慢性湿疹小鼠模型的白介素-1β(IL-1β),白介素-4(IL-4)和白介素-8(IL-8)的表达影响,以及其抗炎止痒的效果,阐明其治疗急、慢性湿疹的作用机制。方法:分别采用2,4-二硝基氟苯(DNFB)、2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)致敏建立小鼠急、慢性湿疹模型,分别给予消痒洗剂低、中、高剂量(体积浓度分别为10%、20%、40%)及阳性对照药(复方苦参洗剂)(浓度为40%)干预,比较各组炎症因子的变化及其抗炎效果;通过磷酸组胺致痒试验及二甲苯致炎试验观察消痒洗剂的止痒、抗炎效果。结果:消痒洗剂各剂量组能显著减轻ACD小鼠模型的耳肿胀度(P0.01)并能够减轻ACD小鼠模型血清IL-1β、IL-8(P0.01)等炎症因子的水平;能显著减轻DTH小鼠模型的耳肿胀度(高、中剂量组P0.01,低剂量组无差异),而所有剂量组均能够减轻DTH小鼠模型血清IL-1β、IL-8(P0.01)的水平。消痒洗剂高、中剂量组能提高磷酸组胺对豚鼠的致痒阈(P0.05);消痒洗剂各剂量组均能显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀(P0.01)。结论:消痒洗剂通过降低炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-8的水平来治疗急、慢性皮炎湿疹,且止痒及抗炎的效果明显。     

马桑叶中黄酮类化合物的生物活性研究

探讨马桑叶中6种黄酮类化合物的体外抗氧化作用及对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响,通过测定其体外抑制红细胞溶血时间研究其抗氧化性.采用MTT法,测定了协同ConA对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用,并测定了协同LPS对小鼠B淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用.结果表明,这6种黄酮类化合物对AAPH诱导红细胞溶血有很好的抑制作用,其中效果最好的是槲皮素,槲皮素的糖苷强于山奈酚的糖苷;能协同ConA对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖产生抑制作用,效果最好的是山奈酚-3-O-β-D-半乳糖(K-Gal)和山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖(K-Glu);能协同LPS对小鼠B淋巴细胞增殖产生抑制作用,效果最好的是槲皮素3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖(Q-Ara)和槲皮素(Q).     

绢蒿水煎剂对正常小鼠免疫调节作用的研究

为了探讨新疆石河子南山地区牧草绢蒿对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响,采用MTT法、ANAE染色法、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、中性红法分别对小鼠的T、B淋巴细胞增殖,T淋巴细胞数量,T淋巴细胞亚群、IFN-γ、IL-2含量,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能进行研究。结果显示:绢蒿水煎剂能不同程度的提高正常小鼠T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力,T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率,CD4+T,CD8+T的数量,IFN-γ、IL-2的含量,下调巨噬细胞吞噬中性红的能力。结论:绢蒿水煎剂对正常小鼠具有双向免疫调节作用。     

满天星中的黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化活性

 对石竹科花卉植物满天星(Gypsophila elegans)进行化学成分研究,通过波谱技术鉴定化合物结构,得到6 个黄酮苷化合物,分别为2″-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖异荭草苷(1)、芹黄素-6-C--7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、芹黄素-8-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、肥皂草苷(4)、芹黄素-7-O-槐糖苷(5)、异牡荆素-2″-O-β-D -吡喃葡萄糖苷(6).除化合物4为首次从该植物中分离得到外,其它化合物均为首次从石竹科植物中分离得到.并采用DPPH自由基清除模型对分离得到的化合物进行了抗氧化活性筛选,化合物1显示出强抗氧化活性.     

微籽龙胆中黄酮苷类化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

为研究药用植物微籽龙胆(Gentiana delavayi Franch)的活性物质基础,采用多种色谱技术(硅胶、ODS、MCI和Sephadex LH-20等)从微籽龙胆中抗氧化活性最好的正丁醇部位分离得到8个黄酮苷类化合物.通过核磁共振技术和文献数据对比,将其分别鉴定为:木犀草素-6-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1),牡荆苷(2),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3),异牡荆素(4),葛根素(5),hypolaetin-8-O-β-D-glucoside(6),荭草素(7)和异荭草素(8),化合物1和6为首次从该属植物中分离得到.此外,测试了微籽龙胆各萃取部位和上述化合物的抗氧化活性.黄酮苷类化合物6和7表现出显著的DPPH自由基清除能力,其中化合物7的活性与阳性对照相当,其IC50值为(9.74±0.05)μg/mL.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that