Fenton-絮凝联合调理对污泥脱水性能影响

为改善污泥脱水性能并比较不同调理方法的优劣,采用絮凝、Fenton氧化及Fenton-絮凝联合对城市污水处理厂剩余污泥进行调理。研究以滤饼含水率、污泥比阻(SRF)、上清液浊度、胞外聚合物(EPS)作为评价指标,综合考察试剂投加量、反应时间、污泥pH等因素对污泥脱水性能的影响及其最佳条件。结果表明:在H_2O_2、Fe~(2+)的投加量分别为4 g/L、30 mg/L,Fenton反应时间为60 min时,Fenton氧化对污泥絮体的破解效果最佳。该最佳Fenton反应条件下进行污泥絮凝调理,投加CPAM 60 mg/L、调节初始pH为5,污泥调理效果最佳,使得滤饼含水率、上清液浊度、SRF分别降低了24.56%、42.12%、66.67%。Fenton-絮凝联合调理对于污泥脱水性能的改善显然优于单独絮凝调理。Fenton试剂可通过强氧化作用有效破解污泥絮体的EPS,进而有效降低污泥含水率;CPAM的絮凝作用使污泥比阻大大降低,提高了污泥脱水性能。     

Fenton试剂对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响

以剩余污泥为研究对象,通过考察p H值、H_2O_2浓度、Fe~(2+)浓度和反应时间等条件对污泥比阻(SRF)、污泥抽虑后泥饼含固率(DS)的影响,研究了Fenton试剂对污泥脱水性能的影响。结果表明:Fenton试剂能够破坏污泥的胶态结构,从而提高污泥的絮凝性,改善污泥的脱水性能。Fenton试剂改善污泥脱水性能的最适宜条件为:Fe~(2+)浓度为0.90 g/L、p H=4.00、H_2O_2浓度为5.00 g/L、反应时间为30 min。当p H=4时,SRF达到最小值6.49×1012m/kg,DS达到最大值27.14%,此时污泥脱水性能最好。当H_2O_2投加量为5.00 g/L时,SRF为5.16×1012m/kg,泥饼DS相对较高,此时污泥相对较容易脱水、脱水程度较高。当Fe~(2+)浓度为0.90 g/L时,SRF值最小为7.24×1012m/kg,污泥相对比较容易脱水。反应时间达到30 min之后SRF基本趋于稳定。     

微波耦合Fe~0/H_2O_2对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响

以污泥比阻(SRF)、泥饼含水率和毛细吸水时间(CST)作为参考指标,系统探讨了微波耦合Fe~0/H_2O_2(MW-Fe~0/H_2O_2)类芬顿反应中初始pH值、微波功率、反应时间、H_2O_2投加量与Fe~0投加量等因素对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响,并通过类比实验阐述了MW-Fe~0/H_2O_2改善污泥脱水性能的作用机理。结果表明:当初始pH值为3、微波功率为400 W、反应时间为150 s、H_2O_2投加量为90 mg/g、Fe~0投加量为60 mg/g时,污泥的脱水性能达到最佳,此时,SRF、泥饼含水率和CST分别降低了90.5%,15.5%和63.3%。污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)组分分析结果表明,紧密型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)中蛋白质和糖类的减少与污泥脱水性能提高正相关。三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)显示,TB-EPS中溶解性微生物副产物和色氨酸类蛋白被氧化降解,有利于改善污泥的脱水性能。     

九龙江流域水厂污泥脱水性能的实验研究

根据九龙江流域净水厂污泥的颗粒性质,进行絮凝实验、污泥比阻和过滤实验,研究污泥的脱水性能.根据试验结果,适当投加聚丙烯酰胺可以降低污泥比阻,改善脱水性能.其中阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺对该地区水厂污泥的调制效果较好,并确定PAM投加范围以低于0.5‰为佳,不仅可以降低运行成本,而且在改善污泥的脱水性能及上清液水质的回用效果上,均可以达到最佳的状态.     

生物表面活性剂对污泥脱水性能的影响

通过对污泥离心过滤脱水后含水率及毛细吸水时间(CST)的测定,考察了生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂及其与阳离子化学表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTAB)复配对活性污泥脱水性能的影响.当鼠李糖脂投加量为0.10g·g-1时,相比于原污泥,离心脱水污泥含水率下降了2.4%,过滤滤饼含水率下降了10.8%;CST值却由27.3s升至48.8s.研究结果说明:鼠李糖脂的投加能显著降低污泥脱水后污泥的含水率,但却会使污泥脱水速率变慢.相比于单独使用鼠李糖脂或CTAB,鼠李糖脂与CTAB以1∶1,1∶2或1∶3复配时不仅使脱水后污泥含水率更低,而且对污泥脱水速率也有改善作用.     

碱-电法对污泥脱水性能作用的试验

目的探究污泥脱水性质变化的原因,改善污泥的脱水性能.方法实验采用碱-电法作为污泥脱水的预处理手段,考察Na OH和Ca(OH)2这两种碱与电化学联用后污泥的脱水效果.并通过显微镜照片对照分析污泥絮体状态与污泥脱水性能的关系.结果处理60 min后,Ca(OH)2-电化学氧化组污泥脱水时间对比Na OH-电化学氧化组和未加碱电化学组污泥脱水时间明显缩短.污泥含水率相较另两组的84.5%、74.3%,Ca(OH)2-电化学氧化组为72.2%,含水率明显降低.实验发现Ca(OH)2-电化学氧化法促进污泥脱水的最适条件为:Ca(OH)2投加量15 mmol/L,电解时间60 min,电压梯度5 V/cm.结论采用碱-电法污泥脱水性能得到提升,污泥的脱水性质与污泥内部蛋白质和多糖的含量有很大关系.蛋白质和多糖等大分子物质的浓度过高或过低,都会对污泥脱水产生不利影响.     

高温厌氧下腐殖土对改善活性污泥性质的影响

以提高活性污泥脱水性能、减量化、稳定化为目标,通过考察毛细吸水时间、有机元素组成、有机物分子量分布、傅立叶红外光谱等指标,探讨在55°C高温厌氧条件下腐殖土的投加量、反应时间对活性污泥脱水性能、元素组成及结构特征的影响.研究结果表明,污泥脱水性能随腐殖土投加量的增加而提高,且脱水时间减少9.5%～38.4%;在腐殖土的作用下污泥中富里酸(FA)相对分子量分布指数Mw/Mn随投加量递减,小分子量有机物数量的比值由50%提升至70%;污泥中腐殖酸(HA)的傅立叶红外光谱图中腐殖土投加前后在1 654,1 540,2 925cm-1峰处有明显的降低,表明腐殖土投加增强HA芳构化程度,提高处理后污泥的稳定性和成熟度;有机元素、总有机碳分析亦得到类似的结论.     

微波辐射Fenton试剂-活性炭催化氧化体系降解水中苯酚

以1．0g苯酚溶于1000InL无酚水中作为模拟水样组成反应模型，利用微波辐射以Fenton试剂与活性炭组成的催化氧化体系来降解水中苯酚，并研究了各种因素对微波辐射该体系催化氧化降解苯酚反应的影响．研究表明，微波辐射．Fenton试剂一活性炭催化氧化体系能高效快速降解水中苯酚，较彻底地矿化水中有机物，使处理后的模拟水有机物含量达到饮用水的标准．其优化条件为：微波输出功率650w，微波辐射时间为15min，活性炭用量1．0g，Fenton试剂H2O2与FeSO4，7H2O物质量比为50：1。     

过硫酸钾-UMCT-叶蜡石改善污泥脱水性能

以毛细吸水时间(CST)和离心沉降比(SV)为污泥脱水性能指标,考察过硫酸钾、超声波微波组合技术(UMCT)、叶蜡石单因素以及三因素耦合改善污泥脱水性能的效果。根据单因素实验结果最佳值范围,用响应曲面方法(RSM)和方差分析获取三因素耦合的最佳值。结果表明,在污泥脱水最佳条件下,过硫酸钾投加量为0.15g/g、UMCT处理时间为12s、叶蜡石投加量为0.35g/g,SV和CST分别是32.5%和38.4s,与预测值基本吻合。此外,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、粒径分析和热重分析(TG-DTG)等手段进一步验证,提高了结论的可信度。     

含油污泥复合调理方案研究简

对石化企业污水处理厂含油污泥脱水性能进行研究,首先使用石油醚对其进行油水分离处理,真空抽滤后,测试滤饼的含水率,以含水率作为判别指标.探究生物质、臭氧和超声调理3种方式,单一及复合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响.结果表明:3种方式单一调理最佳参数,先进行臭氧化,臭氧的最佳投加量为0.1g/g,滤饼含水率为82.45%;再进行超声处理,28kHz时间超声波作用最佳为2min,滤饼含水率为74.61%;生物质与污泥干物质量比为2.5%时,滤饼含水率为62.7%;复合调理参数为臭氧投加量0.1g/g,超声波时间2min,生物质与污泥干质比为2%时,滤饼的含水率达到59.76%.复合调理效果优于单一调理,调理后污泥能够自持燃烧.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with