浅析《西方正典》的对抗性批评及其启示

哈罗德.布鲁姆在《西方正典》中以文学的审美批评对抗＂憎恨学派＂。布鲁姆从审美自主性、文学与个人的联系、文学经典的本质性三个方面来构建其文学批评,目的是对抗当下文学批评中的解构风潮。布鲁姆的立场对中国当代文学批评具有启示意义。     

马修·阿诺德文学功能观的语境分析

19世纪的英国诗人、批评家马修·阿诺德的思想对现代社会产生了巨大的影响。他赋予文学深刻的社会意义，倡导了著名的“人生批评”论。阿诺德独特的文学功能观基于他对维多利亚社会的全面了解和深刻审视，得益于古典文学的滋养，适应了当时时代的需要。     

论文学经典的主体性

论述了文学经典的主体性,整理了文学经典这种说法的来源,认为经典超越了死亡和时间,具备自己的主体性。女性主义批评强调写作的政治性,研究文学和批评的社会与文化语境,向传统文学史和美学概念提出挑战,女性主义文学对以男性为中心的传统文学进行审视,要求拓宽西方文学经典的范畴。文学经典超越了意识形态,具备独一无二的主体性。     

论数学素质教育与目标教学

本文对布鲁姆的教育目标分类学当前存在的两种极端认识提出质疑和批评，并对目标教学如何适应素质教育思想，如何落实素质教育思想进行了探讨。     

朗松的文学史观与批评理论

法国著名文学史家朗松对于如何进行文学史研究有着自己独到的见解，他认为：文学史研究必须建立在客观事实的基础上，历史地处理文学作品的来源和影响问题。在艺术的真实与科学的真实的关系方面，朗松对把科学的方法强加于文学，企图让文学追求科学的理论进行了严厉的批判，勇敢地捍卫了文学的人文价值，肯定了文学的伟大使命和社会作用。因此，朗松的文学史观和批评理论至今仍具有深刻的现实意义。     

文化研究视野下的“文学经典”论争

文学经典的争论已有三十多年,其争论的焦点在于文学经典的标准问题。学者们的不同观点产生了对文学经典不同的理解。从文化研究的视角与该争论的历史背景出发,我们关注文化研究在该问题上提出的两个重要特点：去经典化与非精英化。正是由于大众文化的兴起,才使得文化研究的学者们质疑传统文学的经典定义,从而表达出他们的文学经典观。     

“审美-实践”文学：阿英“文学-政治”批评模式的考察（一）

在阿英看来，文学与政治（政治理念）不是非此即彼的对抗状态，不是一方压倒另一方，而是统一于对“理想中国”的想象之中。从“想象现实观”出发，阿英完成了“文学-政治”批评模式的思考探索。这种批评模式，倡导“审美-实践”的文学范式，认为文学与政治的链接是通过“想象”——对人类自由美好生活的想象，肯定人的价值，肯定文学的审美特性，肯定文学的实践价值，是马克思主义文论中国化的重要收获。     

“审美-实践”文学：阿英“文学-政治批评模式的考察（二）

在阿英看来，文学与政治（政治理念）不是非此即彼的对抗状态，不是一方压倒另一方，而是统一于对“理想中国”的想象之中。从“想象现实观”出发，阿英完成了“文学一政治”批评模式的思考探索。这种批评模式，倡导“审美一实践”的文学范式，认为文学与政治的链接是通过“想象”——对人类自由美好生活的想象，肯定人的价值，肯定文学的审美特性，肯定文学的实践价值，是马克思主义丈论中国化的重要收获。     

文学生态学批评之“问题意识”刍议——从鲁枢元教授生态学批评观谈起

文学生态学批评的发生有着深刻的“问题意识”背景，而该批评中“问题意识”的凸现又要求着“主题意识”方面的建构与“命题意识”方面的探究，总起来看，该批评意味着一种关于人的认识新范型——“生态人”的出现与一种文学观方面的新理解。     

新历史主义的文学批评观

新历史主义的文学批评观念建立在对历史本身的反思之上。与传统历史主义不同，新历史主义从历史叙述的本文性质出发，深入讨论了制约文学批评的划界问题及批评语境问题。新历史主义文学观从一个新的角度揭示了批评的意识形态性质。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~