重金属胁迫下土壤微生物促进蕈菌菌丝生长的研究

对两株具有重金属活化能力的微生物粘质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marcescens） M6和粘质红酵母（Rhodotorula mucilaginosa）K1的植物促生长特性做了分析：M6和K1均产吲哚乙酸（IAA）、铁载体并具有溶磷能力,但不能利用ACC（1氨基环丙烷1羧酸）作为唯一氮源生长.种子根伸长实验表明：M6和K1均不能促进小白菜种子发芽和根伸长,相反,50mg/L Cd和Zn培养条件下,接种菌株K1对小白菜种子生长有显著抑制作用.蕈菌菌丝生长实验表明：接种M6菌株于金福菇菌丝边缘,可促使菌丝生长更为浓密;接种K1菌株,可提高菌丝生长速度;此外,接种菌株还可缓解重金属对蕈菌菌丝生长的胁迫效应.     

冬小包脚菇形态特征及显微结构观察

对冬小包脚菇子实体形成的形态变化,孢子印及孢子形态、菌丝形态及生长的形态变化进行观察。观察结果:冬小包脚菇菌丝营养生长中,扭结成索状菌丝,分化形成白色子实体原基,形成白色卵形菌体,卵形菌体裂开,露出白色菌盖、白色菌柄,菌柄冲长,白色菌托萎缩,菌盖开伞,菌盖灰白色,菌褶初期白色,后期棕色;冬小包脚菇孢子卵形,光滑,孢子印棕褐色,顶端有明显的芽孔;冬小包脚菇初生菌丝细小,白色,分枝,有隔;菌落绒毛状,边缘整齐,气生;营养生长菌丝较粗。     

几株弗兰克氏菌的固氮活性

对14株不同宿主来源的Frankia纯培养菌株进行了形态观察和固氮活性测定.结果表明,14株供试菌株都具有分枝菌丝、泡囊或孢囊等形态特征,其中大花胡颓子分离菌49121有特殊的串珠状菌丝链结构;所测菌株全部具有固氮活性,其中菌株49136固氮活性最高,乙炔还原活性达到78.5μmol/(mg.h);另外,菌株的固氮活性与泡囊数量有一定的正相关性.     

具抗肿瘤活性中度嗜盐菌YIM 80186的分离和系统发育分析

 从青海盐碱土壤样品中分离到1株中度嗜盐放线菌YIM 80186,该菌株的代谢产物具有很强的抗肿瘤和抗菌活性.菌株YIM 80186在添加20~100 g/L NaCl的培养基上生长良好,而在未添加NaCl的多数培养基上生长微弱.最高能耐受200 g/L NaCl.气生菌丝和基内菌丝丰富,白色至黄白色.气生菌丝产生直的或弯曲的孢子链,基内菌丝发育良好,断裂.生长pH范围6.0~10.0,最适pH 7.5~8.0.通过对其进行的包括形态、生理生化特性、细胞化学以及基于16S RNA基因序列的系统发育分析等方面的多相分类研究,该菌株具有拟诺卡氏属的典型特征,初步鉴定其为拟诺卡氏菌属的1个潜在新种.     

线虫共生菌对水稻纹枯病和稻瘟病的抑菌活性

用菌块移植法初步测定了38株昆虫病原线虫共生细菌对水稻纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌的抑菌活性,从中选出9株对纹枯病菌,7株对稻瘟病菌有较强抑菌作用的菌株,再用稀释平板法分别测定了这2组菌株的发酵液对纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌菌丝生长、菌核或分生孢子萌发的抑制活性,筛选出对纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌都有较强抑菌活性的YNa111和YNd173等菌株.YNa111菌株的发酵液对纹枯病菌的生长有强烈的抑菌活性,稀释40倍的发酵液24 h的抑菌率为100%,160倍时为82%.菌株YNd173的发酵液对稻瘟病菌的生长有较强的抑菌活性,稀释5倍和10倍时的抑制率分别为88%和76%.     

黄色脆嫩金针菇菌株‘冀金12’的选育

为解决农艺设施栽培黄色金针菇商品性差、菌种退化、新品种缺乏等问题,以栽培和野生菌株为杂交亲本,通过原生质体单核亲本制备、双单杂交子构建、出菇试验初筛、木质素含量复筛、杂交子分子鉴定等步骤,选育出一株商品性好、产量高、适宜北方农艺设施栽培的黄色金针菇新菌株‘冀金12’.经适时采收后,该菌株菌盖呈金黄色、颜色亮丽,菌柄纤细基部不黏连、平均直径在0.25 cm左右,菌柄颜色为黄白色且不易褐变;测定菌柄的平均木质素含量不高于2.50×10~3(A_(280 nm))/kg,显著低于传统品种的木质素含量(3.05×10~3(A_(280 nm))/kg).单潮单袋平均出菇产量可达288±3.2 g,显著高于亲本菌株.     

150株小单孢菌的分类及生物活性

对从承德地区土样中分离出来的150株放线菌进行了初步的分类研究,初步鉴定为小单孢菌属菌株.从中选出100株与3株小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)已知菌株进行生物活性的测定.通过测定发酵液的化学效价,筛选出2株庆大霉素效价高的野生型菌株,其中菌株80221的化学效价为983.58 mg/L,菌株80177的化学效价为1 076.88 mg/L.     

白鬼笔生物学特征研究

通过野外调查、菌种分离及室内试验观察,对白鬼笔生态、形态与结构特征进行了研究.结果表明,在豫南,白鬼笔多发生于春秋季节,其子实体群生于腐叶层较厚,土壤为酸性的杂木林内,子实体由菌盖、菌柄、菌托等部分组成.菌盖髓部由厚壁菌丝和囊状细胞组成.子实层由担子、担孢子及幼担子组成,每担子具4个担孢子,担孢子杆状,平滑.在PDA培养基上,菌落具菌丝束,菌丝束由营养菌丝和粗糙菌丝构成,营养菌丝无色透明,有分支,具横隔,有明显的锁状联合.粗糙菌丝无色有隔,具锁状联合,且有膨大的纺锤状细胞,纺锤状细胞内均含有一枚球状体.     

松枯梢病拮抗细菌的分离和筛选

采用组织分离法和平板系列稀释法,从健康和感染松枯梢病的松树针叶上分离叶栖细菌891株.通过室内平板对峙培养,初步筛选出16株对枯梢病菌丝有强抑制作用的拮抗细菌,抑菌圈直径均大于20 mm.在此基础上选取具有代表性的10个菌株进行温室马尾松盆栽苗防病试验,从中筛选出3株(菌株编号为N29、S(1)102、M(2)21)抑菌圈直径分别为28.5、37.5、31.0 mm及防效达60%以上并对松苗无不良影响的拮抗细菌.     

1株抗真菌放线菌菌株YIM31530T的多相分类研究

 从云南丽江玉龙雪山采集的土壤样品中分离到1株诺卡菌形稀有放线菌YIM31530T.该菌株具有很强的抗灰霉病、稻纹枯病活性.通过对其进行的包括形态、生理生化特性、细胞壁化学组分以及16SrDNA序列等方面的多相分类研究,确定其为高丽菌属的1个新种,将其命名为抗菌高丽菌(Kribbella antibiotica sp.nov.).该菌株在大多数培养基上生长良好,气生菌丝黄白色,基内菌丝浅黄色至黄白色.气生菌丝和基内菌丝多分枝,常断裂成不规则的杆状体,不游动.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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