氮化—气相氧化复层工艺及抗蚀性研究

本文研制了一种新型的复合化学热处理工艺，在金属表面形成了牺牲阳极复层。它的构成是以氮化形成的ε相层为内层，气相氧化层为外层。３％ＮａＣｌ水溶液浸蚀试验证明：复层抗蚀性近１０倍地优于单一的ε相层，此外笔者借助于扫描电镜Ｘ－衍射仪、能谱仪等设备对复层的抗蚀机理进行了探讨。     

渗硼层的制备及其在锌液中的耐蚀性

为提高低碳钢的抗锌蚀能力，采用固态渗硼工艺在低碳钢的表面形成了致密的铁硼化合物保护层．通过正交实验方法确定了最佳渗硼工艺参数，并对不同工艺条件下所获得的渗硼层的力学性能与耐锌液腐蚀性能进行了系统研究，成功制备了具有良好的抗锌蚀能力的渗硼层．     

厚层抗蚀剂光刻技术研究进展

厚层抗蚀剂光刻是一种制作深浮雕结构的微细加工技术。综述了近年来厚层抗蚀剂光刻技术的最新进展,从厚层抗蚀剂光刻工艺原理以及计算机模拟诸方面分析了该技术区别与传统光刻的一些特点,并对其应用的研究现状进行了总结,最后指出了进一步发展厚层抗蚀剂光刻技术的关键问题。     

C和Ti双注入H13钢抗腐蚀钝化层的形成

用多次扫描电位法研究了金属Ti与C双注入抗腐蚀和抗点蚀钝化层生成的条件,用扫描电子显微镜观察了腐蚀坑,发现注入层表面已经形成了具有一定厚度钝化层.这种钝化层既能抗酸性腐蚀,又具有优良的抗碱性点蚀特性.测量结果表明,在C注量不变时,增加Ti注量可使抗腐蚀特性增强;而在Ti注量不变时,增加C注量可使抗点蚀特性增强.     

多元渗硼层形态质量和抗蚀性的研究

通过对多元渗硼层形态、质量和抗蚀性的研究，从理论上和工艺上探索了单元渗硼易剥落的原因。经多次试验，证明多元渗硼层形态质量及抗蚀性都优于单元渗硼层．     

离子注入对纯铁表层结构及抗蚀性能的影响

作者对离子注入对退火后的纯铁表层结构及抗蚀性能的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明，注入硼离子或钼离子，可获得表面非晶薄层；铬、钼多元素离子注入，在非晶层下得到第二相，并有较明显的过渡层；经氮离子来混合镀硅，可获得较厚的表面非晶型的陶瓷层；采用上述离子注入工艺，可使纯铁的抗腐蚀性能显著提高，其中氮离子束混合处理有最佳的表面改性效果．     

快速凝固AA8009耐热铝合金及其焊缝的耐腐蚀性能

通过剥落腐蚀实验、极化曲线测定和腐蚀形貌观察，研究了AA8009合金（Al-8．5Fe-1．3V-1．7Si）及其氩孤焊和电子束焊件的耐腐蚀性能，并与LF6和2024合金的耐腐蚀性能做了比较。实验结果表明：快速凝固AA8009耐热铝合金的耐腐蚀性能是最好的，这是由于该合金具有弥散分布、高含量的Al12（Fe，V）。Si增强相，该相的存在大大减少了合金形成腐蚀原电池的可能性。而LF6和2024合金由于在晶界处有析出相形成而降低了它们的耐蚀性。同时，AA8009合金电子束焊缝的抗蚀性要明显优于氩孤焊的抗蚀性。     

Fe—Mn—Si系形状记忆合金中热诱发ε马氏体的形成机制

通过透射电镜观察和热力学分析,定性地讨论了热诱发γ→ε马氏体相变机制．电镜观察结果表明,层错可以在降温过程中持续形成,并通过堆垛形成马氏体相．热力学分析表明,对于低层错能的合金,热诱发马氏体的形核及长大过程来自于不断地形成新的层错并消耗母相结构,而并非由极轴机制所控制．     

Fe—17Mn—10Cr—5Si—4Ni合金中热诱发ε—马氏体形核研究

用光学及电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）、Ｘ射线衍射分析研究了Ｆｅ－１７Ｍｎ－１０Ｃｒ－５Ｓｉ－４Ｎｉ合金中热诱发γ→ε马氏体相变形核特点。通过观察母相中堆垛层错结构及ε马氏体形核区特征讨论了ε马氏体形核机制。实验证明，ε马氏体借助层错层重迭带中的ＳＨＯＣＫＬＥＹ不全位错组的特定组合结构而形核，由于这种结构的要求而导致当在Ｍｓ以下等温时ε马氏体的形核与堆垛层借带数量之间不存在确定的对应关系，即层错带数量的增多     

纯铁离子氮化后时效的X射线衍射分析

用x射线衍射发现,工业纯铁氮化后时效将引起ε→α″→γ′转变,ε相具有调幅结构。该结果为化合物层时效强化找到了理论依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that